南天山库米什南黄尖石山岩体的年代学、地球化学和Sr、Nd同位素组成及其成因意义

南天山北缘库米什地区铜花山南部黄尖石山岩体高 Na、Mg 和 Fe、准铝或过铝质(ACNK=0.91～1.35),它们相对富集 K、Rb、Th,贫 Zr、Hf 等 HFSE,略亏损 Nb、Ta 和 P,具典型岛弧钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩的元素地球化学特征。其锆石 U-Pb 年龄为423Ma,ε_(Nd)(t)=-3.70～-7.32,t_(2DM)=1.45～1.75Ga,表明它们是早古生代早志留纪晚期由先存中元古代幔源基性地壳物质熔融的产物。岩体的 Ba、Sr 和 P 等弱亏损,Nb 和 Y 丰度及 Rb/Zr 比值中等则指示是活动大陆边缘俯冲带岛弧演化到正常大陆弧环境的产物。因此,该岩体的形成标志着南天山洋盆于晚志留世时期已进入俯冲消减的活动大陆边缘演化阶段。     

新疆中天山南缘比开（地区）花岗岩地球化学特征及年代学研究

伊犁-中天山板块南缘比开地区出露的花岗岩和花岗闪长岩具钙碱性大陆弧花岗岩特征,其形成与南天山洋向北的俯冲事件相关。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,岩浆活动在479～401Ma间一直发生,其中419～401Ma间岩浆活动强烈,形成大量钙碱性花岗岩组成的中天山南缘陆缘弧。(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.711578～0.704729,ε_(Nd)(t)=-5.01～-2.19,表明花岗岩的形成过程中有地幔物质的加入,而Nd模式年龄t_(DM)介于946～1661Ma间,则反映花岗岩形成过程中有古老地壳物质混染。     

SHRIMP zircon U–Pb geochronological and whole-rock geochemical evidence for an early Neoproterozoic Sibaoan magmatic arc along the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block

It has been generally accepted that the South China Block was formed through amalgamation of the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks during the Proterozoic Sibaoan orogenesis, but the timing and kinematics of the Sibao orogeny are still not well constrained. We report here SHRIMP U–Pb zircon geochronological and geochemical data for the Taohong and Xiqiu tonalite–granodiorite stocks from northeastern Zhejiang, southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block. Our data demonstrate that these rocks, dated at 913 ± 15 Ma and 905 ± 14 Ma, are typical amphibole-rich calc-alkaline granitoids formed in an active continental margin. Combined with previously reported isotopic dates for the  1.0 Ga ophiolites and  0.97 Ga adakitic rocks from northeastern Jiangxi, the timing of the Sibao orogenesis is thus believed to be between  1.0 and  0.9 Ga in its eastern segment. It is noted that the Sibao orogeny in South China is in general contemporaneous with some other early Neoproterozoic (1.0–0.9 Ga) orogenic belts such as the Eastern Ghats Belt of India and the Rayner Province in East Antarctica, indicating that the assembly of Rodinia was not finally completed until  0.9 Ga.     

新疆西准噶尔塔北地区晚古生代中酸性侵入岩的成因分析

塔尔巴哈台-萨吾尔地区位于西准噶尔北部,中酸性岩浆侵入作用十分强烈。本文对塔尔巴哈台-萨吾尔地区西段的塔北地区出露的克孜贝提、哲北、巴斯、卡姆斯台、阿西和科鲁克6个代表性中酸性岩体的地质、成岩年代和地球化学特征进行研究。结果表明,塔北地区中酸性岩浆作用可分为早石炭世早期(343~338Ma)、早石炭世晚期(328~324Ma)和晚石炭世(315Ma)三个阶段:早石炭世早期中酸性岩体包括克孜贝提、哲北岩体;岩性主要为闪长岩,具有碱性、过铝质岩石的特点;早石炭世晚期中酸性岩体包括巴斯、卡姆斯台和阿西岩体,岩性主要为花岗闪长岩,具有钙碱性-碱性和准铝质-过铝质岩石的特点;晚古生代中酸性侵入岩体为科鲁克岩体,岩性为钾长花岗岩,具有碱性和过铝质岩石的特点。从早石炭世至晚石炭世,塔北地区中酸性岩具有向富K、Si和贫Ca演化的趋势,研究源区以壳源为主、有幔源物质混入的特征;岩浆演化具有分离结晶增强、围岩混染减弱的特点。塔北地区早石炭世早期中酸性岩体形成于俯冲岛弧环境,早石炭世晚期-晚石炭世岩浆侵位于后碰撞环境。     

青藏高原东南部寒武纪花岗岩类:岩石学和锆石Hf同位素研究

青藏高原南部广泛分布的冈底斯岩基,记录了其强烈的中、新生代造山作用;而古生代以前岩浆作用的报道却屈指可数,限制了我们对青藏高原起源及构造演化的研究。本文研究报道了位于青藏高原东南部南拉萨地体和高喜马拉雅带的寒武纪花岗质岩石,岩石类型包括闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和花岗岩。锆石U-Pb年代学表明其结晶年龄为503~490Ma。南拉萨地体中的寒武纪花岗岩具有高的铝饱和指数和刚玉分子数,矿物化学成分区别出岩浆成因的过铝质矿物白云母和石榴石,结合岩石中锆石的内部结构和微量元素特征表明其为S型花岗岩。岩石中锆石的Hf同位素具有近一致的负εHf(t)值,地壳Hf模式年龄集中在1.8~1.6Ga,说明寒武纪花岗岩可能来源于元古代物质的部分熔融。因此,南拉萨地体存在古老的结晶基底,而并不是一个年轻的岛弧地体。高喜马拉雅带中近同期的花岗质片麻岩具有较负的εHf(t)值和老的地壳Hf模式年龄(2.3~1.5Ga),说明其可能为元古代的地壳物质部分熔融的产物。结合同期的火山和变质作用以及区域性的不整合,本文认为青藏高原南部经历了广泛的古生代早期原特提斯洋俯冲导致的安第斯型造山作用。     

Evolution of the Neoproterozoic Delgo suture zone and crustal growth in Northern Sudan: geochemical and radiogenic isotope constraints

In the Delgo basement area of northern Sudan, low to medium grade metamorphosed volcanic, sedimentary and plutonic rocks are surrounded by high grade gneisses. A NNE-SSW trending suture zone can be defined by the lithological, chemical and structural characteristics of several distinct units. The early Proterozoic gneiss terrain is overlain by metasedimentary units, the metamorphism of which has been dated by the Sm-Nd whole rock-mineral technique (702 ± 27 Ma in the west, 592 ± 16 Ma in the east). In the central part, the Abu Sari volcanic rocks show geochemical signatures of formation at an arc, with a protracted tholeiitic, calc-alkaline and shoshonitic evolution. The overlying El Hamri ophiolite contains chemical features of a back-arc tectonic environments. The ophiolite was dated by the Sm-Nd whole rock method on metagabbros at 752 ± 48 Ma. The further extension of this oceanic basin into the Jebel Rahib in the south-west was dated at 707 ± 54 Ma (Sm-Nd whole rock and minerals).Widespread suite of syn-tectonic granitoid intrusives displays subduction-related characteristics. They where emplaced between 650 to 760 Ma (Pb-zircon evaporation method). Their Nd and Sr isotopic compositions indicate a changing pattern of island arc to active continental margin character along an east-west transect and suggest a west to north-west dipping subduction zone. All units were juxtaposed at the minimum age of 600 Ma and rearranged during an extensional event, which was dated by the Rb-Sr thin slab technique (546 ± 19 Ma) on a migmatite. The Delgo suture provides evidence of a complex terrane pattern in north-east Africa and crustal growth during the Pan-African event by the addition of oceanic material to pre-existing continental crust.     

北大别早白垩纪花岗岩类的Sm-Nd和锆石Hf同位素及其构造意义

大别造山带产出两期早白垩纪造山后花岗岩类:早期(≈132Ma)变形的角闪石英二长岩和斑状二长花岗岩具高钾的类埃达克岩的地球化学特征,形成于增厚地壳(>50km)的下地壳部分熔融;晚期(≈128Ma)未变形的花岗岩包括细粒二长花岗岩和钾长花岗(斑)岩,属于正常安山岩-英安岩-流纹岩系列岩石,它们形成于相对薄的地壳(<35km)的下地壳部分熔融。早期变形的花岗岩类中,角闪石英二长岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7066～0.7076,ε_(Nd)(t)=-20.3～-27.8,类似于扬子下地壳基性麻粒岩的Sr-Nd同位素特征,其中白垩纪岩浆锆石(≈132Ma)Hf同位素初始比值(ε_(Hf)(t))和两阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM2))分别为-29.30.5和303065Ma;我们认为角闪石英二长岩源于锆石Hf模式年龄约3.0Ga的基性下地壳部分熔融。早期斑状二长花岗岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7078～0.7083,ε_(Nd)(t)=-15.8～-20.0,类似于北大别英云闪长质-花岗质片麻岩的Sr-Nd同位素特征,其白垩纪岩浆锆石(≈132Ma)的ε_(Hf)(t)和t_(DM2)分别为-24.80.5和274434Ma。我们认为宽状二长花岗岩源于约2.7Ga的中酸性下地壳部分熔融。晚期未变形的花岗岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7069～0.7105,ε_(Nd)(t)=-16.4～-22.1,类似于北大别英云闪长质-花岗质片麻岩的Sr-Nd同位素特征;其白垩纪岩浆锆石(≈128Ma)的ε_(Hf)(t)具有较大的变化范围(-25.2～7.4),主要峰值为-22.5±0.5,次要峰值为-16.3±0.7,并有少量正的ε_(Hf)(t)值5.8～7.4,与ε_(Hf)(t)值对应的t_(DM2)分别为2600±40Ma、2211±68Ma和743±130Ma。我们认为晚期未变形的花岗岩源于锆石Hf模式年龄约2.6～2.2Ga的中酸性下地壳部分熔融,源区夹杂新元古代新生的陆壳。在大别造山带垮塌之前(>132Ma),增厚地壳(>50km)的下地壳存在双层结构:锆石Hf模式年龄约为3.0Ga的基性下地壳基底和约2.7Ga的中酸性(英云闪长质-花岗质)上部下地壳.在大别造山带伸展垮塌的晚期阶段(≈128Ma),减薄的下地壳(<35km)主要为锆石Hf模式年龄约2.6～2.2Ga的中酸性(英云闪长质-花岗质)岩石,并夹杂少量新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解时形成的新生陆壳。     

Petrology of two granite types from the Tribeč Mountains,Western Carpathians: An example of allanite (+ magnetite) versus monazite dichotomy

Two granitoid series have been distinguished in the Tribeč Mountains (Western Carpathians) on the basis of the contrasting petrological behaviour of their accessory minerals. The allanite–magnetite-bearing (AM) tonalite–granodiorite–granite series typically contains dark magmatic enclaves and is produced from oxidizing, more hydrous (about 5.2 wt.% water) melts that were emplaced at depths equivalent to 350 ± 100 MPa. The monazite-bearing (M) tonalite–granodiorite–granite series contains only metamorphic xenoliths and comes from reduced and drier (about 2.3 wt.% water) melts that were probably emplaced at a shallower depth. The inferred magma properties probably reflect source rock effects. The mineralogical discrimination scheme between the AM and M series corresponds broadly to I- and S-type subdivision and may be useful not only for the granitoid bodies in the Western Carpathians but also for the whole Variscan orogenic belt.     

新疆中天山乔霍特铜矿区I型花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

新疆中天山乔霍特铜矿位于中天山南缘,毗邻南天山缝合带。矿区南侧出露有1个花岗闪长岩岩体,该岩体与包裹于赋矿火山岩中的钾长花岗岩均属钙碱性弱过铝质I型花岗岩,具有相似的地球化学特征,富集LILE、亏损HFSE,具显著的Eu、Ta、Nb、Ti负异常,其形成可能与南天山洋的北向俯冲密切相关。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得花岗闪长岩年龄为450.4±1.1Ma,钾长花岗岩年龄为430.8±4.1Ma,指示晚奥陶世时期,乔霍特地区存在南天山洋向中天山复合弧地体之下的俯冲;早志留世晚期,俯冲作用依然持续,此时,天山地区岩浆活动强烈。乔霍特铜矿赋矿火山岩的形成时代晚于431Ma,矿区南侧出露的花岗闪长岩早于赋矿火山岩形成,成矿作用可能与花岗闪长岩的侵位无直接关系。     

内蒙古中部花岗质岩类年代学格架及该区构造岩浆演化探讨

内蒙古中部广泛出露花岗质岩类,这些花岗质岩类的时空分布及岩石组合类型的变化,反映了华北板块北缘与蒙古陆块碰撞拼合的进程.本文从花岗质岩类的角度对古亚洲洋在内蒙古中部地区的演化进行了探讨.古亚洲洋在该区的演化经历了十分复杂的过程,包括奥陶纪双向俯冲、志留纪拼贴/增生、泥盆纪拉张、二叠纪南部带俯冲和北部带拉张、并以晚古生代末至早中生代初发生的陆-陆碰撞为标志宣告该区洋盆演化的结束.