雅鲁藏布江流域地-气系统的水平衡

利用NCEP/NCAR1980-1989年10年逐日00UTC、12UTC再分析资料及青藏高原降水、径流资料,研究了青藏高原雅鲁藏布江流域的水平衡特征,估算了雅鲁藏布江流域的蒸发、土壤和地下水含量。结果表明:雅鲁藏布江流域夏季是水汽辐合区,降水大于蒸发;秋末到次年春季是水汽通量辐散区,蒸发大于降水。降水主要集中在6～9月。径流的年际变化趋势同降水相近,径流主要是由降水补给的,径流峰值滞后降水峰值一个月。雅鲁藏布江流域土壤及地下含水量从1～6月逐渐减少,7月以后开始增加,10月是土壤及地下水最丰富的时段。20世纪80年代中期和后期降水、蒸发、径流等呈增长趋势,这同ENSO事件有关。     

水库洪水标准的风险分析

将标准风险评估方法应用到水库洪水标准的风险分析中，并以柴河水库为例，说明水库洪水标准的风险分析方法是可行的，具有推广价值。     

基于GIS的黄河三角洲地下水开发适宜性评价模型

本文运用地理信息系统（GIS）技术，建立了黄河三角洲地区浅层地下水开发适宜性综合评价模型。评价模型考虑了浅层地下水补给，含水层导水性和储水性，地下水水质，土地利用以及地下水开采对环境影响等多方面因素，模型评价结果为地下水开发适宜性等级分区图。模型评价成果为黄河三角洲地区浅层地下水资源规划和开发利用提供了科学依据。     

T—R旋回层序在东淮凹陷前梨园地区Es3^3亚段储层研究中的应用

依据对东濮凹陷前梨园地区测井、岩芯和高分辨率地震资料的综合研究，可将Es3^3亚段划分为三个湖进-湖退（T-R）旋回沉积层序，自底往上，Es3^3I层序发育辫状三角洲-半深湖沉积体系，Es3^3ⅡEs3^3Ⅲ层序则以扇 三角洲-半深湖、深湖-湖底扇沉积体系为主，由沉积层序的区域对比和沉积体系的空间展布，建立起了前梨园地区Es3^3亚段高分辨率等时地层格架，将储集岩层置于等时界面限定的沉积层序中进行划分和对比，可精确地解释砂体的成因及其横向变化规律。     

云南澜沧江以西的白垩系

云南白垩系分布在滇中、滇西和澜沧江以西三个地域，彼此之间被深断裂所，它们的地质历程、构造特征各不相同。不能将澜沧江以西勐海、潞西地区的白垩系解体归属不同地层区。澜沧江以西的白垩系，分布于冈瓦纳古陆和古特提斯造带的小型山间盆地，地层层序齐全，岩性、厚度稳定，今古生物化石。有两套岩石序列，三个沉积旋回。     

澜沧江某电站右坝肩复杂岩体质量分类

笔者通过对澜沧某电站右岸坝肩复杂岩体的成因进行分析，采用岩体质量指数Z并结合水利水电工程围岩分级和RMR分级等岩体分类方法对电站右岸坝肩的复杂岩体进行了综合分类。     

岩石变形所反映的地震作用过程--第13届国际变形机理、流变学和构造学学术会议概述

简要介绍了第13届国际变形机理、流变学和构造学学术会议的概况和特点，综述了地震变形作用的研究现状。     

The dynamics of phytoplankton, bacteria and heterotrophic flagellates at two Banks near Magdeburg in the River Elbe (Germany)

The main objectives of this study were to describe the seasonal standing stock dynamics of phytoplankton, bacterioplankton and heterotrophic flagellates in the highly eutrophic River Elbe (Germany), and to compare the seasonal patterns observed with other streams. Emphasis was placed on examining and assessing abiotic and biotic controlling factors influencing the structure and dynamics of the riverine plankton. All the physico-chemical and biological parameters determined were within the range or somewhat higher (in the case of phytoplankton abundance and biomass) than reported for other large streams. The underwater light conditions resulting from atypically short phytoplankton growth periods of about 6 months per year and the low phytoplankton carbon to chl a ratio of 23 were identified as a major limiting factor for phytoplankton development in the River Elbe. The seasonal distribution pattern of bacterioplankton indicated probable tight trophodynamical coupling both with phytoplankton and with heterotrophic flagellates, whereas heterotrophic flagellates showed a more trophic link with bacterial densities. Although approximately constant DOC and DON levels throughout the year sustained bacterial growth rates, during the phytoplankton growing season an increase of bacterial standing stocks was observed. Although the left-bank sampling site of the Elbe is strongly influenced by the tributaries Mulde and Saale containing higher concentrations of chloride, nitrogen nutrients, heavy metals and organic pollutants, no clear differences were observed between the two sides of the river concerning the biological parameters measured. Possible reasons and the slightly higher phytoplankton abundance and diversity at the right bank are discussed.     

Bestimmung der Phytoplanktonvolumina — Methodik und Ergebnisse am Beispiel Niederrhein

For data treatment of phytoplankton countings in the Lower Rhine the specific biovolume was calculated. The used computer-aided method is described, and the correlation between phytoplankton biomass, cell number and chlorophyll a is presented.     

Auswirkungen des Ablassens von Hochwasserrückhaltebecken auf deren Limnochemie und Phytoplankton-Biozönose

Reservoirs have to be released when repairing of the dams is necessary. In 1995, two reservoirs in Baden-Württemberg (Germany) of similar age and volume (Lake Herrenbach near Göppingen, 1.0 Mio. m³ and Lake Breitenau near Heilbronn, 2.3 Mio. m³) were emptied. This allowed the singular possibility to investigate the effects of drainage and refilling on the limnochemistry and the phytoplankton biocoenosis of such artificial lakes.Before the drainage of the reservoirs, both lakes showed phosphorus release from the sediment during summer stagnation. Phosphorus values of Lake Herrenbach were regularly higher than those of Lake Breitenau (Lake Herrenbach 88 μg/l, Lake Breitenau 33 μg/l). During release, both lakes indicated higher phosphorus and chlorophyll concentrations as well as rising biomasses. Remarkable differences were observed during refilling of the reservoirs: while Lake Herrenbach showed higher transparency and lower phosphorus concentrations, Lake Breitenau progressed towards eutrophication (total phosphorus during summer 1996: Lake Herrenbach 30 μg/l, Lake Breitenau 55 μg/l). One reason for the reaction of Lake Breitenau was the reduced ground drainage during the refilling, which caused an accumulation of nutrients in the hypolimnion. Another reason was the mineralisation of vegetation which covered great parts of the dry lake sediment. The limnological change of Lake Herrenbach was not as clear but could be caused by the restauration of the pre-reservoir which was drainaged and dredged before the emptying of the main reservoir started as well as many other facts which differed Lake Herrenbach from Lake Breitenau.