中越北部湾划界双赢结果对解决南海划界问题的启示

分析了北部湾划界的特点,认为取得双赢结果的北部湾划界主要运用了公平原则、成比例方法、大陆架和专属经济区同一界线法的原则和方法。针对近期骤然升级的南海问题,在分析南海问题特点的基础上,提出北部湾划界的成功经验对解决南海海域划界问题的理论和实践意义。     

置换碎石桩联合强夯在北部湾填海复杂型软弱地基处理中的应用

从广西北部湾大量填海（塘）造陆工业基地所遇到的复杂型软弱与夹层地基处理工程实例中,结合建（构）筑物具体特点,扩展应用置换（挤密加固,纵横排水）碎石桩联合强夯的地基处理方法,在解决大面积地基不均匀沉降,软弱夹层纵横排水与挤密固结、综合夯实提高总体地基持力层承载力方面取得了“安全、经济、高效”的良好效果,并具有推广前景和意义。     

广西北部湾填海造陆工程地基基础及施工方法

通过对北部湾大型填海造陆工程（工业基地）的施工方法和不同岩土组合特性形成的机理研究与分类,结合该地域多项不同类型工程的地基处理与基础施工经验,总结和研究不同地基与基础类型“经济、高效、安全”的最佳施工与处理方法。     

地统计法在粒径趋势分析中的应用:以北部湾东部为例(英文)

There are 71 surface sediment samples collected from the eastern Beibu Gulf. The moment parameters (i.e. mean size, sorting and skewness) were obtained after applying grain size analysis. The geostatistical analysis was then applied to study the spatial autocorrelation for these parameters; while range, a parameter in the semivariogram that meters the scale of spatial autocorrelation, was estimated. The results indicated that the range for sorting coefficient was physically meaningful. The trend vectors calculated from grain size trend analysis model were consistent with the annual ocean circulation patterns and sediment transport rates according to previous studies. Therefore the range derived from the semivariogram of mean size can be used as the characteristic distance in the grain size trend analysis, which may remove the bias caused by the traditional way of basing on experiences or testing methods to get the characteristic distance. Hence the results from geostatistical analysis can also offer useful information for the determination of sediment sampling density in the future field work.     

北部湾表层黏土矿物分布特征及物源研究

利用X射线衍射(XRD)对北部湾表层沉积物中黏土矿物组成和结晶学特征进行了详细研究,揭示了源区和洋流对该区沉积物搬运和分布的控制机制。结果表明,北部湾表层沉积物中黏土矿物组成以伊利石、蒙脱石和高岭石为主,含有少量的绿泥石。在空间分布上,蒙脱石含量表现为中部高近岸低;伊利石含量表现为西南高东北低,绿泥石组分含量与之类似;高岭石含量表现为东北高,西南低。伊利石结晶度指数和化学指数平均分别为0.25°(Δ2θ)和0.5,表明伊利石结晶程度极好,为富Al伊利石,来源于化学风化作用占主导的源区。黏土矿物物源分析表明,红河是北部湾伊利石、绿泥石和蒙脱石的主要物源,其中蒙脱石因受沉积分异作用影响而在研究区中部富集;高岭石受到了红河、珠江以及广西和海南岛沿岸河流物质输入的共同影响。本研究结果对理解北部湾沉积物"源-汇"过程和古环境有重要参考意义。     

北部湾南部重力柱状样的MSCL地声学性质测量及分析

利用钻孔多参数连续记录仪(multi-sensorcorelogger,MSCL),对在南海北部湾南部海区所取得的6个孔重力柱状样进行了测量,获得了连续P波波速、湿密度和孔隙度数据。在室内实验室对柱状样分样之后的沉积物样品进行了孔隙度与湿密度的测定。利用不同的统计回归方法对所获得的6个柱状样的孔隙度与P波波速进行相关分析,并对比室内测量的P波波速、湿密度、孔隙度,建立了基于孔隙度数据对沉积物P波波速进行预测的方法,对MSCL测量方法的优缺点进行了讨论。结果表明,MSCL测量结果与实验室柱状样测定结果较为吻合。样品所在深度对声速的变化影响不大。孔隙度与声速的多项式回归,样条插值回归和GAM模型回归都获得了较高的相关系数,GAM模型可以提供一个较为接近测量值的声速预测方法。MSCL用来测量海底沉积物,可以获得大量的高密度、高精度的沉积物地声学及其他参数数据,但是,如果空气混入沉积物样品中则会导致MSCL测量结果失真。该研究为使用MSCL在区域海底地声学性质、恢复区域海洋沉积历史、海底地声学模型建立等研究提供了参考。     

北部湾海域叶绿素a质量浓度时空分布研究

叶绿素a质量浓度是水体富营养化的重要指标,及时和有效地对水体叶绿素a质量浓度进行监测和评价,对环境保护十分必要。本文基于2011年至2016年的卫星遥感数据,分析了北部湾海表叶绿素a质量浓度的时空分布特征。研究结果表明:北部湾叶绿素a质量浓度有明显的月变化和季节性变化,北部湾叶绿素a月平均质量浓度在8月和1月分别达到峰值,北部湾冬季与夏季的叶绿素a季平均质量浓度高于春季和秋季,夏季北部湾海域表层的叶绿素a质量浓度开始迅速升高,秋季北部湾中南部叶绿素a质量浓度呈下降的趋势。在空间分布上,北部湾近岸海域叶绿素a质量浓度平均水平较高,叶绿素a质量浓度高值区集中在湾北部雷州半岛西部沿岸的浅水区海域,而低值区在湾中部以及湾南部的深水区海域。     

Analysis of the spatial and temporal distributions of ecological variables and the nutrient budget in the Beibu Gulf

Based on a hydrodynamic-ecological model, the temperature, salinity, current, phytoplankton(Chl a),zooplankton, and nutrient(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN, and dissolved inorganic phosphorous, DIP)distributions in the Beibu Gulf were simulated and the nutrient budget of 2015 was quantitatively analyzed. The simulated results show that interface processes and monsoons significantly influence the ecological processes in the gulf. The concentrations of DIN, DIP, phytoplankton and zooplankton are generally higher in the eastern and northern gulf than that in the western and southern gulf. The key regions affected by ecological processes are the Qiongzhou Strait in winter and autumn and the estuaries along the Guangxi coast and the Red River in summer.In most of the studied domains, biochemical processes contribute more to the nutrient budget than do physical processes, and the DIN and DIP increase over the year. Phytoplankton plays an important role in the nutrient budget; phytoplankton photosynthetic uptake is the nutrient sink, phytoplankton dead cellular release is the largest source of DIN, and phytoplankton respiration is the largest source of DIP. The nutrient flux in the connected sections of the Beibu Gulf and open South China Sea(SCS) inflows from the east and outflows to the south. There are 113 709 t of DIN and 5 277 t of DIP imported from the open SCS to the gulf year-around.     

广西北部湾地区土壤锗分布特征、影响因素及其生态环境评价

Ge在工业和医疗领域具有良好应用前景,有机锗化合物是一种毒性较低、具有较强抗癌活性的物质,富Ge土壤具有广阔的开发利用价值,但目前我国对土壤Ge的研究程度较低。基于广西壮族自治区多目标区域地球化学调查成果,对北部湾地区表层土壤及深层土壤Ge的空间分布特征进行了研究,阐明了不同成土母质地区表层土壤及深层土壤Ge含量情况,总结了影响土壤Ge含量的因素。结果表明,广西北部湾地区表层土壤Ge含量平均值是1.43 mg/kg,深层土壤Ge含量平均值是1.64 mg/kg。土壤Ge含量主要受控于成土母质,碳酸盐岩分布区土壤Ge含量最高,其次为花岗岩分布区、第四系沉积物分布区以及砂-页岩分布区。表层土壤与深层土壤Ge含量的比值显示表层土壤Ge含量受人为活动影响小。不同成土母质形成的土壤Ge含量的影响因素存在差异,花岗岩分布区表层土壤与深层土壤Ge含量主要受土壤黏土矿物、三水铝石以及石英的影响,碳酸盐岩、砂-页岩及第四系沉积物分布区表层土壤Ge含量主要受土壤黏土矿物、三水铝石、次生含铁矿物、无定形铁氧化物/氢氧化物、石英及有机质的影响,深层土壤Ge含量主要受土壤黏土矿物、三水铝石、次生含铁矿物、无定形铁氧化物/氢氧化物及石英的影响。研究区53.32%的表层土壤Ge含量达到较丰富水平,30.21%的表层土壤Ge含量达到丰富水平,对富Ge农作物的生长非常有利,具有开发利用价值。本文的研究成果旨在为土壤Ge的生态地球化学特征提供基础资料,为富Ge土地资源评价和富Ge农产品开发利用提供依据。     

Using otolith weight to predict the age of Pennahia macrocephalus in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf

The relation between otolith weight (OW) and the age of marine fish is studied. A total of 222 individuals of bighead white croaker, Pennahia macrocephalus were sampled seasonally in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf, the South China Sea, in 2007. Since there are no significant differences in sagittal OW between otolith in pairs (P≧>0.05), the undamaged left sagittal otolith is used for age determination. The highest correlations among standard length, OW and fish ages are confirmned by linear, exponential and multinomial regression. Results show that sagittal OW overlaps only occasionally among age groups, and to individuals with similar standard length, the older and slower-growing fish has a heavier otolith because of the continued otolith material deposition. There are differences in sagittal OW among different age groups and significant positive linear relationship with age (P<0.05). The age readings can be verified by plotting the sagittal OW versus the standard length for age groups, and the individuals with similar standard length but in different ages can be separated by sagittal OW frequency analysis. Mostly, the predicted ages using the regression between sagittai OW and ages are closed to the observed ages by counting annulus on scale. It indicates that the sagittal OW analysis is a useful technique for validating the accuracy of age determination by annuli counts, especially for individuals of similar size. Furthermore,the technique is applied for Pennahia macrocephalus with discussion in this paper.