Ar/Ar illite dating of Late Caledonian (Acadian) metamorphism and cooling of K-bentonites and slates from the Welsh Basin, U.K.

The vacuum-encapsulation laser ⁴⁰Ar³⁹Ar technique allows extremely small (10⁻⁶ g) samples of fine-grained materials such as diagenetic clays to be dated. Here we show that the method can be extended to higher-grade clay minerals. The integration of transmission electron microscopic (TEM) characterization with ⁴⁰Ar³⁹Ar dating of vacuum encapsulated samples permits the resolution of the timing of metamorphic growth/cooling from the time of diagenesis. We have applied this technique to well characterized Lower Paleozoic slates and K-bentonites from the Welsh Basin, which span the transition from anchizonal to epizonal grade, which had been previously studied using RbSr and SmNd dating.

TEM observations of epizonal K-bentonites and slate showed that illite in these samples is of 2M₁ polytype, of muscovite-like composition, and oriented parallel to cleavage, suggesting that they are of metamorphic origin. Total gas ages (equivalent to conventional KAr ages) for encapsulated epizonal K-bentonites and slate (340–408 Ma) are considerably variable. The Ar retention ages (calculated from ³⁹Ar and ⁴⁰Ar atoms retained in the sample after irradiation) are more consistent (383–411 Ma). The ³⁹Ar recoil losses are minor for illites from whole rock samples of epizonal K-bentonites but very significant for clay separates of epizonal slate. Plateaus in age spectra were observed in epizonal K-bentonites and slate. The plateau ages (414–421 Ma) and retention ages (383–411 Ma) can be correlated with the onset of Acadian metamorphism and culmination of uplift and inversion of the Welsh Basin, respectively. These ages are significantly younger than the 450 Ma ages previously reported for diagenetic clays using the same method, suggesting that diagenetic history has been lost in these epizonal K-bentonites and slate.

TEM observations of anchizonal slates showed that there are two modes of illite. The first mode is similar to that observed in epizonal samples, suggesting a metamorphic origin. The second mode consists of the 1M_d polytype, has typical diagenetic illite composition, and is oriented parallel to bedding, suggesting a diagenetic origin. Total gas ages for encapsulated anchizonal slates vary considerably (361–422 Ma). The retention ages are more consistent (413–432 Ma) than the total gas ages. The ³⁹Ar recoil losses are more significant than those for epizonal K-bentonites and slate. Plateaus in age spectra are generally not observed. However, the consistent retention ages for the anchizonal slates correspond to the plateau ages for the epizonal samples, and are inferred to represent the onset of Acadian metamorphism.

These data, when combined with our previously published results for diagenetic shales, suggest that thermal conditions near the boundary of anchizonal and epizonal grades are necessary to completely reset Ar systems in shales and slates.     

巴颜喀拉地体POG型花岗岩同位素年代学研究

巴颜喀拉地体位于青藏高原北部，昆仑地体和羌塘地体之间，在地体的中－东部有大量花岗岩出露。黑云母＾３９Ａｒ－＾４０Ａｒ和锆石＾２０７Ｐｂ／＾２０６Ｐｂ同位素测年结果，显示侵位年龄在２２０～２１２Ｍａ之间。所经历的两次大的后期动力变质变形作用分别发生在１４８Ｍａ和１１０Ｍａ。     

云南泸水钨锡矿床微量钾矿物~（40）Ar－~（39）Ar马鞍形年龄谱的含义

采用４０＿Ａｒ－３９＿Ａｒ计时方法测定滇西沪水钨锡矿床的白云母、石英、电气石和绿柱石等矿物的年龄，其中微量Ｋ矿物（石英、电气石和绿柱石）均形成含过剩４０＿Ａｒ的马鞍形年龄谱。研究表明鞍形谱最小年龄的含义比较复杂，有些样品的最小年龄接近于成矿年龄，而有些样品的最小年龄大于甚至远大于成矿年龄。     

藏南冈底斯地体谢通门—曲水韧性剪切带~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学约束

藏南冈底斯谢通门—曲水韧性剪切带发育在拉萨地体南缘,其活动时限对厘定藏南大地构造演化极为关键,并且对揭示印度—亚洲陆陆碰撞前缘的构造变形具有重要的意义。谢通门—曲水韧性剪切带位于拉萨地体冈底斯岩基南缘,为一条向北倾覆,走向近东西,宽1~2 km的滑覆型韧性剪切带,其中剪切带中的糜棱岩可见明显的面理,并且在面理上发育有南北向拉伸线理,为一套典型的S—L构造岩。为了定量确定剪切带的变形温度,本文在宏观和微观分析的基础上,对糜棱岩中的典型样品进行了EBSD石英组构分析,分析结果表明谢通门—曲水韧性剪切带以底面a和柱面a滑移为主,伴有少量菱面a滑移,变形温度为中低温(300℃~550℃),即绿片岩相到低角闪岩相。通过对剪切带中的绢云母和黑云母~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar测年,获得了较好的年代学数据,两组年龄21.81±0.28 Ma和23.24±0.32 Ma在误差范围内具有一致的年代学意义,结果表明谢通门—曲水韧性剪切带形成于中新世早期(Aquitanian期)。结合云母的~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄以及区域大地构造背景,谢通门—曲水韧性剪切带形成于板块后碰撞阶段(postal collision),是拉萨地体由挤压向伸展转换的产物。该剪切带年代学的厘定,一方面限定了拉萨地体南缘新生代大地构造演化的过程,另一方面对造山带构造以及青藏高原中—南部地区的地质研究具有推进作用。     

黔东桂北加里东期两类构造变形特征与成因机制探讨

早古生代加里东运动造成华南强烈的构造变形,此次构造运动在黔东桂北地区主要表现为都匀运动和广西运动两幕。综合构造变形与沉积环境的研究认为,都匀运动作为局部的构造运动在凯里-三都断裂以西的黔中南地区影响明显;广西运动源于扬子地块和华夏地块沿江山-绍兴断裂带陆内挤压作用,形成自南东向北西的挤压应力的远程效应,向NW影响的范围止于凯里-三都断裂带。两幕构造运动在时空格局联合影响下形成了以断裂为界的两类构造特征：断裂以西主要受都匀运动的影响,发育EW向平缓褶皱、正断层等构造;断裂以东主要受广西运动的影响,发育NE向的褶皱、剪切带等构造。采自高武地区NE向韧性剪切带中的样品,其白云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar测年坪年龄为(416.4±1.8) Ma,等时线年龄为(417.7±1.8) Ma;采自黎平地区NE向劈理带中的样品,其绢云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar测年坪年龄为(426.5±2.3) Ma,等时线年龄为(437±10) Ma,这些变形年龄代表了广西构造运动发生的时限。     

40Ar-39Ar Geochronology and its Geological Significance of Zhaceqiao Gold Deposit in Dongzhi,Jiangnan Transition ZoneEI北大核心CSCD

The Zhaceqiao gold-polymetal deposit was discovered recently in the Jiangnan Transitional Zone. In order to obtain the ore-forming age, sericite was separated from the altered granite porphyry which hosts the gold deposit. 40Ar-39Ar analyses of sericite in gold ore yield spectrum age of 156.9±1.6 Ma with the isochron age of 152±28 Ma. The spectrum age of sericite in altered granodiorite porphyry is 142.1±1.3 Ma with the isochron age of 137±13 Ma. The homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in quartz from the Niutougaojia and Chengtan ore sections is c.a. 160℃. The H-O isotopic compositions indicate that the ore-forming fluids mainly come from magmatic hydrothermal sources. Integrating with regional studies, the Zhaceqiao gold deposit is predominantly characterized by shallow, low temperature and epithermal, similar to Carlin-like type gold deposit. The Zhaceqiao gold deposit was formed in Yanshanian through multi-stage superimposition. The gold mineralization was related to the ductile-brittle compressional tectonic deformation and alteration in middle Jurassic to gold, while the polymetallic mineralization was related to the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous igneous activity, and the epithermal mineralization in the middle and late stage of the Early Cretaceous. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.     

西昆仑新藏公路北段古-中生代多期次构造-热事件年龄确定

为了建立西昆仑地区构造-热事件序列, 利用40Ar/39Ar同位素分析法对西昆仑新藏公路康西瓦断裂带以北具有代表性的同构造新生变质矿物角闪石、黑云母、绢云母单矿物进行了年龄测定, 得到几个多次出现的年龄值.结合早期该区发育的各类岩脉的侵位年龄综合分析, 认为片麻岩中单矿物黑云母440Ma和(403±6) Ma40Ar/39Ar年龄, 可代表早古生代俯冲变质年龄以及增生过程所持续的时间; 片岩、片麻岩中黑云母, 斜长角闪片岩(基性岩脉) 中单矿物角闪石的40Ar/39Ar年龄为382Ma~84Ma, 代表着该区从早古生代晚期的挤压构造环境转化为引张环境及其所持续的时间; 晚期脆性断裂中云母类矿物178Ma~65Ma的40Ar/39Ar年龄, 代表着该区在挤压走滑构造背景中断裂构造的脉冲式活动及其持续时间.      

川西可尔因伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床的40Ar/39Ar年代及其构造意义

川西是中国重要的稀有金属矿产资源基地,川西可尔因伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床位于松潘-甘孜造山带主体的中心部位,对该造山带的演化过程具有重要的示踪意义.本文对可尔因地区根则岩体中白云母微斜长石伟晶岩脉和党坝白云母钠长石锂辉石伟晶岩脉进行了40Ar/39Ar定年研究,其白云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄分别为176.25±0.14Ma和152.43±0.60Ma.结合前人对可尔因岩体的成因认识和K-Ar、Rb-Sr、U-Pb同位素定年结果,推断出在印支晚期-燕山早期,该地区经历了多期岩浆演化,且持续了较长的时间,而伟晶岩的稀有金属矿化发生在岩浆活动末期的相对稳定和封闭的环境中.这些地质现象说明,松潘-甘孜造山带在经历了印支末期-燕山早期的剧烈构造运动后,在150 Ma左右进入相对稳定发展的阶段,直至喜马拉雅运动造成地壳急剧隆升,这段稳定时期为各种成矿作用的发生提供了必要条件.     

华北陆块东南缘蚌埠地区荆山岩体同位素年龄及其地质意义

华北陆块东南缘蚌埠地区广泛分布的一套花岗质岩石，长期以来一直被认为是太古代蚌埠期混合花岗岩。笔者通过野外调研和室内鉴定发现，无论是岩石类型组合，岩石结构特征，还是岩体与围岩明显的侵入接触关系，都表明其具有岩浆侵位及分异演化特征。尤其是从荆山黑云母二长花岗岩的黑云母中所获Ａｒ － Ａｒ 同位素年龄数据， 更进一步证明了该地区混合花岗岩为中生代燕山早期岩浆活动的产物。     

用于早前寒武纪岩石Ar-Ar法定年的K-Ar法年龄国家二级标准物质——ZMT04白云母的定值结果

为了满足Ar-Ar快中子活化法定年的需要,经过十几年的连续测定与检验,一个用于早前寒武纪矿物定年的K-Ar法年龄标准物质——ZMT04白云母已被研制成功。它采自内蒙古自治区卓资县天皮山。40Ar-39Ar定年结果表明,40Ar*在矿物晶格中保存均匀稳定,年龄谱平坦,39Ar析出量为99.1%,40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为1823±15Ma,说明该白云母结晶以来未受热扰动,40K-40Ar*同位素计时体系封闭良好。40Ar/39Ar等时年龄为1824±15Ma,与坪年龄一致,代表了伟晶岩中白云母的结晶时间。(40Ar/36Ar)0初始值为288±16,此值与(40Ar/36Ar)a大气氩丰度比(295.5±0.5)处于同一范围,表明该白云母不含过剩氩。根据国家一级标准物质技术规范(JJG1006-1994)的有关规定,对ZMT04白云母进行了一系列分析检验。均匀性检验结果表明,在0.05显著性水平下,K和40Ar*的F分布值小于F临界值,证明该白云母是均匀的。t检验法和稳定性检验与分析表明,ZMT04白云母完全满足国家一级标准物质技术规范对稳定性的要求。国内8个实验室参加了ZMT04白云母K和40Ar*含量的定值分析,正态性和等精度检验结果显示,全部定值分析数据服从正态分布并具等精度。当置信概率为0.95时,该白云母40Ar*和K含量的相对标准偏差都小于1%。经过严格计算最后获得40Ar*和K含量及年龄的认定值和不确定度分别为:40Ar*=4.449±0.060×10-8mol/g(2σ),K=8.28±0.04%(2σ),K-Ar年龄=1804±21Ma(2σ)。此标准物质纯度达100%,总重量为1080g,缩分为196瓶,每瓶5.51g。可供我国K-Ar和Ar-Ar法年代学实验室至少使用54年。此标准物质于2009年3月4日被国家质量监督检验检疫总局审核批准为国家二级标准物质(见国质检量函[2009]89号文),国家质检总局认定的ZMT04白云母制造计量器具许可证编号为GBW(E)040019。