南中国海定常环流的一种模型

南海是我国沿海最大最深的海域，中外学者曾作过一些研究。徐锡祯等用动力计算方法研究了南海的水平环流，首次给出了整个南海海域四个季度各层次的平均密度流图(如图2A、2B均引其动力计算结果)。该文给出的500米层(即中层)的环流与表层基本一致，并说明了南海环流有着较大的深度，至少在800米层的深度上，环流运动依然清晰可见。其动力计算的速度零面选为1200分巴。     

热红外波段大气透过率和程辐射的估算方法

文中对M ONTRAN模型内嵌6种大气模式的主要特性差异进行分析,并以中纬度夏季大气模式为例,分析了主要参数(如水汽、臭氧以及气温等)对估算热红外波段大气透过率和程辐射的影响。论文最后对利用探空数据构造完整大气模式进行了研究。     

烟曲霉产壳聚糖酶液体发酵条件研究

以烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)为出发菌,通过选择适合的培养条件,筛选出产壳聚糖酶的菌株。实验结果表明,烟曲霉是良好的产壳聚糖酶出发菌。烟曲霉液体发酵产壳聚糖酶最适培养基组成为:壳聚糖1%,KH2PO40.06%,尿素0.2%,(NH4)2SO40.1%,MgSO40.012%,20%土豆汁3%,NaCl 0.05%。在pH 5.0、温度28℃、摇床转速120 r/min培养条件下振荡培养3 d,烟曲霉产壳聚糖酶的能力最强,达25.1 U/mL。     

潮汐对瞬态气候响应模拟的影响研究

In this study, the impact of oceanic processes on the sensitivity of transient climate change is investigated using two sets of coupled experiments with and without tidal forcing, which are termed Exp_Tide and Exp_Control,respectively. After introducing tidal forcing, the transient climate response(TCR) decreases from 2.32 K to 1.90 K,and the surface air temperature warming at high latitudes decreases by 29%. Large ocean heat uptake efficiency and heat storage can explain the low TCR in Exp_Tide. Approximately 21% more heat is stored in the ocean in Exp_Tide(1.10×10~(24) J) than in Exp_Control(0.91×10~(24) J). Most of the large ocean warming occurs in the upper 1 000 m between 60°S and 60°N, primarily in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. This ocean warming is closely related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC). The initial transport at mid-and high latitudes and the decline in the AMOC observed in Exp_Tide are both larger than those observed in Exp_Control. The spatial structures of AMOC are also different with and without tidal forcing in present experiments. The AMOC in Exp_Tide has a large northward extension. We also investigated the relationship between AMOC and TCR suggested by previous studies using the present experiments.     

海水双壳贝类的生物沉积及其生态效应

在沿岸自然环境 ,双壳贝类经常达到很高的丰度 ,在生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中起着重要作用。双壳贝类作为滤食性动物具有很强的滤水能力 ,如扇贝、贻贝、蛤和牡蛎的滤水率均可达到５Ｌ／（ｇ·ｈ） ;它们能够过滤大量细小的颗粒物质 ,包括浮游物、浮游藻类、微生物、贝类幼虫和中型浮游动物等 ,还包括来源于双壳贝类以及其它动物 (如鱼 )粪粒的碎屑 ［１，２］。双壳贝类通过过滤大量的水体摄取浮游植物和有机颗粒 ,同化一部分有机质 ,其它则以粪的形式排出 ,进而影响生态系统的结构和功能。对于养殖生态系 ,目前的研究还比较少 ,但已…     

微电阻率扫描测井技术对储层中风化壳和裂缝的识别

微电阻率扫描测井技术与常规数控测井技术相比较，是测井技术上的一次飞跃，它以扫描图像来反映井壁岩层的成分和结构，并能得到岩层和裂缝的产状等。本文用其测试辽河断陷海南一月东潜山区海南20井，测得潜山储层震旦系和寒武系-奥陶系顶部有一层厚30-35m的古风化壳，具有网状裂缝结构。并测得储层自上而下碳酸盐岩中各种类型的裂缝及其发育规律。     

Elemental geochemical records of seafloor hydrothermal activities in the sediments from the Okinawa Trough

The major and minor element contents in the sediment core H9 from the hydrothermal fields of the Okinawa Trough show a sharp change at the depth of 80 cm. The elements enriched in the upper 80 cm core are those enriched in the hydrothermal deposits and in the surface sediments recovered from the hydrothermal fields in the trough, which indicates the input of hydrothermal materials. Comparing with other hydrothermal sediments from Mid-ocean Ridges or the Lau Basin, the degree of the enrichment of elements iron, copper,cobalt, and nickel is relatively low. However, the enrichment of elements manganese, lead, arsenic, antimony and mercury is remarkable. The average contents of these elements in the upper 80 cm core sediments are three to six times those in the lower section, and 3~12 times those in the surface sediments which are not influenced by hydrothermal activities. Hydrothermal activities have contributed significant manganese, lead, arsenic, antimony and mercury to the sediments, and these elements are distinct indicators for the hydrothermal activity in the Okinawa Trough. The significant enrichment of these elements in Core H9 upward from the depth 80 cm indicates the start or the significant enhancing of the hydrothermal activity in this area at about 5 740 aB.P. The average accumulation rate of manganese during this period is about 40 461 μg/(cm2·ka), which is similar to the hydrothermal sediments in the Lau Basin or the East Pacific Rise.     

南极生物热耐受性:热极限的进化和适应性调节

温室效应和全球气候变化已经影响到南、北极地区,极地气温升高对于极地生物链的基础部分产生巨大影响.南极生物链中的关键初级生产力是微藻,南极冰藻是极好的生态指示种.南极冰藻在高于生长适宜温度下生长受到抑制,抵抗高温胁迫的机制和能力制约着南极冰藻的生存,南极冰藻生存威胁到极地生态的生物多样性和极地生物链的完整性.持续低温环境进化过程对极端适冷微藻热适应机理的影响是理解极地气候变化对南极冰藻生态影响的依据.     

抗冻蛋白的研究及其在生物技术中的应用

抗冻蛋白能够与冰晶结合，降低冰点并抑制冰的重结晶，从而使生物体免于冰冻伤害。就不同类型的抗冻蛋白的结构、起源、功能和抗冻作用机制进行了全面的回顾，并对国内近年来抗冻蛋白在生物技术中的应用进行了综述。     

冲绳海槽热流机制浅析

冲绳海槽是一个高热流区，平均热流值极高，但不均匀，实测最小值与最大值相差三个数量级以上，结合海槽地区的构造和地球物理特征，探讨了导致这一高而分散热流特征的多种因素。包括异常壳幔结构。海底热液循环以及地下水对流等，并分析了相应的控制机制。