Experimental Study on the Solubility of Cr^2 in Olivine,Orthopyroxene and Spinel Solid Solutions

Experiments have been performed on the system MgO-SiO2-Cr-O at 0-2.88 GPa and 1100-1450℃,focusing on the stability of Cr^2 in olivine(O1),orthopyroxene(Opx) and spinel(Sp) and its partitioning between these phases.Analytical reagent grade chemicals,MgO,SiO2,Cr2O3.and Cr were used to make starting mixtures.Excess Cr(50%) was then added in these mixtures to ensure that the resultant phases were in equilibrium with the metal Cr.Flux of BaO B2O3(%) was added for facilitating experimental equilibrium and crystal growth.Cr was used as capsule material.All phases in the product were identified by X-ray and analyzed by electron microprobe,The contents of CrO in the different phases(O1,Opx and Sp)were calculated according to stoichiometry.The obtained results of calculation indicate that Cr^3 in Ol and Opx is negligible.The experimental results show;(a) with increasing temperature and decreasing pressure,Cr^2 solubility in Ol,Opx and Sp increases;(b) with in creasing temperature,the partitioning coefficient of Mg and Cr^2 between Ol and Opx decreases,that between Opx and Sp increases,and that between Ol and Sp remains almost unchanged;(c) the effect of pressure on all partitioning coefficients is negligible.     

LiM_xMn_(2-x)O_4(M=Cr、Al)尖晶石相阴极材料研究

用溶胶 -凝胶法制备了 L i Mx Mn2 - x O4( M=Cr、Al;x≤ 0 .2 )尖晶石相锂离子电池阴极材料。SEM表面观测显示材料的晶形好 ,粒度均匀 ,粒径小于 0 .5微米。电化学测试表明 ,低水平量 ( 0 .0 2≤ x≤ 0 .0 5 )的 Cr、Al掺杂材料初始容量稍有降低 ,但却较大地改善了循环性能。在 L i Mx Mn2 - x O4中 ,掺 Al降低了 L i+、Mn3+占位的无序度 ;Cr3+和 Al3+取代了其中的部分 Mn3+ ,占据八面体位 ( 16 d) ,抑制了 Jahn-Teller效应 ,增强了尖晶石骨架的稳定性 ,提高了其电化学性能。在 3.0～ 4.3V的充放电过程中 ,材料中的 Cr、Al都保持 +3价不变 ,不发生氧化还原     

An Improved Experimental Calibration of the Olivine-Spinel Geothermometer

The calibration of the olivine-spinel geothermometer by Fabries(1979) is commonly adopted by a number of petrologists.But the temperatures calculated in this way for ultramafic focks are significantly lower than those obtained by the pyroxene geothermometers.These O1-Sp temperatures are also lower than those measured experi-mentally in the natural system (four-phase lherzolite).Different rates of cation diffusion cannot fully account for these differences.The temperature deviation is actually related to the inconsistencies between natural and experimental data which support the calibration .A re-evaluation of the calibration is proposed on the basis of a set of new experimental data.     

扬子地块东段大陆岩石圈地幔的物质成分

根据苏皖地区新生代碱性玄武岩中的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的化学成分，讨论了扬子地块东段大陆岩石圈地幔的物质成分。以包体的平均成分代表该区岩石圈地幔的平均成分，依照地幔地球化学演化趋势，估计了该区岩石圈地幔的原始组成。采用最近提出的二辉石地质温度计，计算了包体的平衡温度，讨论了该区岩石圈地幔物质成分在垂向上的分布和变化，上地幔橄榄岩中的玄武质组分在垂向上由上而下亏损程度逐渐减小。包体中稀土元素丰度模式反映了该区岩石圈地幔演化的多阶段性。除了程度不同的部分熔融作用外，局部地段曾有隐性地幔交代作用发生，造成了地幔橄榄岩中主量成分和稀土元素的解耦现象。     

Mg-Cr~(2+)橄揽石、辉石和尖晶石的晶胞参数测定及Cr~(2+)在各晶体结构中的占位

本文用Mg－Cr2+做榄石、辉石、尖晶石的粉晶X射线衍射数据，采取“整体图谱最小二乘Rietveld”方法计算了上述矿物的晶胞参数和摩尔体积，并对Cr2+在各晶体结构中的占位情况进行了研究。结果显示，各矿物的晶胞参数随含Cr2+量的增大而增大。据Vegard定律，推算出各端元组分铬橄榄石（Cr2SiO1）、铬辉石（Cr2SiO2O6）及立方铬尖晶石（Cr3O4）的摩尔体积分别为47．7，68．0，44．9cm3。精化结构参数指示，在橄榄石中，Cr2+随机分配在两个八面体（M1，M2）位置；在辉石中，Cr2+优先选择八面体M2位置；在尖晶石中，Cr2+占置四面体位置。这种晶体内离子分配可从离子半径差别或晶体场稳定能大小得到解释。     

尖晶石族矿物的热辐射性质研究

本文主要研究晶石族矿物在５０－６５０℃，２－４０μｍ波长范围内的红外光谱发射率和总发射率。文中共研究了三十余种尖晶石族矿物的发射率。测试结果表明，尖晶石族矿物的发射率的大小受其成分、晶体结构、温度和波长的制约。过渡族中的着色离子将大大增加矿物在红外短波段的发射率。