海洋生物中牛磺酸的生物活性及其含量测定

牛磺酸 (Ｔａｕｒｉｎｅ ,Ｔａｕ)是一种非蛋白质结构氨基酸的特殊氨基酸。它以游离氨基酸的形式普遍存在于动物体内各种组织 ,并以小分子二肽或三肽的形式存在于中枢神经系统 ,但不参与蛋白质合成。最早是１８２７年从牛的胆汁中发现了这种含硫氨基酸 ,又称为牛胆碱 ,牛胆素。其分子式为Ｃ２Ｈ ７ＮＯ ２Ｓ ,是一柱状结晶体 ,熔点为３１０℃。牛磺酸在鱼、贝类中含量十分丰富 ,软体动物中尤甚。可以说海洋生物是牛磺酸的天然宝库。１生物活性研究近况１８８６年 ,Ｓｃｈｍｅｉｄｅｂｅｒｇ等人就认为牛磺酸具有药物作用 ,但直到１９７５年…     

发射分机在线自检中主从式多单片机串行通讯系统的设计

本文介绍了多波束海底地形测绘声呐中，用于发射分机在线自检的主从式多机串行通讯系统的设计方案然不打扰主控机运行的条件下，作为主控机协处理器的单片机和负责发射分机在线自检的单片机间通过串通讯将自检信息传送到主机和主控机的共享ＲＡＭ中，以使主控机对这些信息进行提取，判断等处理操作，从而实现从对发射分机的监控功能。     

南海沉积岩芯的地球化学研究

本文对南海中部陆坡区和海盆区的5个岩芯中的 Si,Al,Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg 和 CaCO_3成分做了分析,并对其分布特征与有关影响因素进行了讨论。受沉积区环境差异的影响,元素的分布具有区域性特征;受海区特定地理位置的影响,元素的分布呈现出过渡性特征(浅海到大洋的过渡);受沉积过程中环境变化的影响,元素的分布展示了周期性变化或旋回性。根据岩芯中元素的分布特征,并参考有关古地磁,氧碳同位素和钙质超微化石的测试分析结果,将本区岩芯划分为14层地球化学层,并将本区划分为两个沉积地球化学区,揭示了早更新世以来本区沉积环境的变化和存在的两种沉积模式。     

大亚湾沉积物中重金属元素背景值研究

根据大亚湾的自然条件认为,大亚湾沉积物的物质来源是其周围集水区的岩石风化壳,并计算了其风化壳中重金属元素的平均丰度值;又根据沉积物的粒度和深层沉积物重金属元素的含量资料,列方程计算出湾内沉积物中重金属元素的平均含量,根据这两组数据,确定该区域内重金属元素的平均背景值。再通过粒度关系,计算得出大亚湾内各站沉积物中重金属元素的背景值。应用此结果和大亚湾沉积物重金属元素实测结果,计算了由人为影响带入沉积物中的重金属元素含量,了解其受污染的程度。     

对Folin-酚法测定藻类蛋白质的改进

在实验室中用以测定藻类蛋白质的方法很多,其中,Folin-酚法是应用最广泛的一种微量测定方法。该法综合了Folin和双缩脲法的优点,其所显的颜色比酚试剂单独使用时增加3—15倍,而灵敏度比双缩脲法增加近100倍。但是,Folin-酚法在测定藻类蛋白质时存在着样品的蛋白质提取问题,藻类细胞一般具有坚厚的细胞壁,有的在壁外     

海水中镉（Ⅱ）与水合氧化钛无机离子交换反应的研究

海洋化学研究的一个主要内容是海水中元素的迁移和变化规律的探索。已经发现，这是与海水中的水合氧化物、粘土矿物和若干有机物之间的离子交换作用密切相关的。在本文中无机离子交换剂是水合氧化钛，金属元素为镉，作为这一方面系统研究工作(在这系列工作中，     

海洋综合测量声学系统间信号干扰的分析

针对海洋综合测量多种声学测量系统间的窄带相干声学干扰现象进行了理论分析，并针对克服窄带干扰提出了一些具有实用价值的建议。     

中国开辟区不利开采地形类型及其分布

利用1998年"大洋一号"调查船近海底作业所获的深拖海底电视和照相系统资料,对中国开辟区不利开采地形类型及其分布特征进行了研究,并对海底地形的坡度进行了计算,结果表明:(1)中国开辟区东、西两区海底的东向坡和西向坡是均衡分布的。东、西两区海底地形坡度的分布特征明显不同,东区海底地形坡度以0～15°为主,而西区坡度大于3°的地形则很少。坡度大于5°的地形主要分布于坡脚处,特别是坡度超过15°的地形总是出现在水深变化的转折点处。(2)研究区不利开采地形可分为坡度为5～15°和大于15°两种类型,东区地形坡度大于5°的不利开采地形比西区多14%,东区坡度大于15°的地形为3.6%,比西区(仅为1.4%)多,东、西两区都有少量坡度近90°的地形出现,并且这种地形在东区所占比率比西区大,说明东区断崖、陡坎和断裂沟槽比西区多,地形也更为复杂多变。     

Photoinduced toxicity single and binary mixtures of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum

Diatom Skeletonema costatum Cleve is one of the main predominant phytoplankton species in the Changjiang Estuary in China. In order to provide some basic information for future assessment of the potential risk on phytoplankton communities in this estuary caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), this alga was selected as a representative to investigate the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs, in single and mixture. Four PAHs including three-ring phenanthrene and anthracene, four-ring fluoranthene and pyrene were tested in the laboratory. The single toxicity of each PAH on this microalga was compared with and without the simulated solar UV radiation. The results showed that this microalga was sensitive to PAH's photoinduced toxicity. Ratios of the 72 h median effect concentration obtained for fluorescent and UV light tests were about 8.4 for phenanthrene, 13.0 for anthracene, 6.5 for fluoranthene, and 5.7 for pyrene, indicating that UV light enhanced the PAH toxicity to this alga significantly. Under the fluorescent radiation (lacking UV), the dose-response curves based on chemical concentrations revealed that the order of toxic strength was fluoranthene greater than pyrene greater than anthracene greater than phenanthrene; while under the UV radiation (476 μW/cm2 for UVA, 6.5 μW/cm2 for UVB) it became fluoranthene approximately equaling anthracene greater than pyrene greater than phenanthrene, indicating that the UV light also changed its relative toxicity to this alga. The photoinduced toxicity of PAHs to the marine diatom S. costatum might be a synergistic effect of photosensitization reactions (e.g., generation of single-state oxygen) and photomodification (photooxidation and/or photolysis).The combined effects of six binary mixtures on the marine diatom S. costatum were investigated using the additive-index method. Four binary-mixtures (phenanthrene plus anthracene; phenanthrene plus pyrene; anthracene plus fluoranthene; anthracene plus pyrene) were found to be synergistic joint action mode, while two binary-mixtures (phenanthrene plus fluoranthene; fluoranthene plus pyrene) displayed antagonist, revealing a complex pattern of possible interactions. The combined action mode of PAHs might be related to various factors such as the mixture compounds, mixture ratios and test conditions, etc.     

海水中痕量苯系物的气相色谱测定的研究

Domestic polymeric microbeads GDX-502 were used to concentrate benzene hydrocarbon from seawater. The absorbed benzene hydrocarbon was removed by thermal desorption and directly injected into gas chromatograph and determined by FID detector. It was optimal for the rapid and precise determination of trace benzene hydrocarbon in seawater. In this Paper the investigation of benzene hydrocarbon in the coastal water of Jiaozhou Bay (Qingdao) is reported as well. The data for benzene hydrocarbon are listed in table 3 for 1984 and the station locations are given in figure 6.