全文获取类型
收费全文 | 589篇 |
免费 | 68篇 |
国内免费 | 50篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 2篇 |
大气科学 | 7篇 |
地球物理 | 167篇 |
地质学 | 82篇 |
海洋学 | 53篇 |
天文学 | 356篇 |
综合类 | 26篇 |
自然地理 | 14篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 16篇 |
2012年 | 19篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 15篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 34篇 |
2004年 | 45篇 |
2003年 | 54篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 30篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有707条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
The model of a presupernova’s carbon-oxygen (C-O) core with an initial mass of 1.33 M ⊙, an initial carbon abundance X C (0) =0.27, and a mean rate of increase in mass of 5 × 10?7 M ⊙ yr?1 through accretion in a binary system evolved from the central density and temperature ρc=109 g cm?3 and T c=2.05 × 108K, respectively, by forming a convective core and its subsequent expansion to an explosive fuel ignition at the center. The evolution and explosion equations included only the carbon burning reaction 12C+12C with energy release corresponding to the complete conversion of carbon and oxygen (at the same rate as that of carbon) into 56Ni. The ratio of mixing length to convection-zone size αc was chosen as the parameter. Although the model assumptions were crude, we obtained an acceptable (for the theory of supernovae) pattern of explosion with a strong dependence of its duration on αc. In our calculations with sufficiently large values of this parameter, αc=4.0 × 10?3 and 3.0×10?3, fuel burned in the regime of prompt detonation. In the range 2.0×10?3≥αc≥3.0×10?4, there was initially a deflagration with the generation of model pulsations whose amplitude gradually increased. Eventually, the detonation regime of burning arose, which was triggered from the model surface layers (with m ? 1.33 M ⊙) and propagated deep into the model up to the deflagration front. The generation of model pulsations and the formation of a detonation front are described in detail for αc=1.0 × 10?3. 相似文献
32.
We analytically generalize the well-known solution of steady supersonic spherically symmetric gas accretion onto a star (Bondi 1952) for an iron atmosphere with completely degenerate electrons with an arbitrary degree of relativity. This solution is used for typical physical conditions in the vicinity of protoneutron stars produced by gravitational collapse with masses M 0=(1.4?1.8)M ⊙ and over a wide range of nonzero “iron gas” densities at infinity, ρ∞=(104?5×106)g cm?3. Under these conditions, we determine all accretion parameters, including the accretion rate, whose value is ~(10?50)M ⊙s?1 at M 0=1.8M ⊙ (it is a factor of 1.7 lower for M 0=1.4M ⊙, because the accretion rate is exactly ∝M 0 2 ). We take into account the effect of accreting-gas rotation in a quasi-one-dimensional approximation, which has generally proved to be marginal with respect to the accretion rate. 相似文献
33.
地下工程震波技术与应用 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
激发的震波在工程岩土体中传播,检测其波动力学参数,来测试岩土体的工程力学性质。原位震波波速测试技术可以对井巷的岩体模量,支护选型,围岩性质进行检测;利用地震勘探,面波勘探方法可以对矿层厚度,超前探测等方面进行有效检测;震波CT、导波勘探等探测方法对于采面内的地质异常探测有较好的针对性;通过声发射检测技术可以解决地下工程安全问题。实际应用说明,震波探测技术从地下工程的开拓掘进,采场形成到采后管理等过程中有着广泛的应用前景。一些技术已作为地下工程中的日常工作加以应用,但进一步的生产应用还需深入研究。 相似文献
34.
H. O. Prtner B. Berdal R. Blust O. Brix A. Colosimo B. De Wachter A. Giuliani T. Johansen T. Fischer R. Knust G. Lannig G. Naevdal A. Nedenes G. Nyhammer F. J. Sartoris I. Serendero P. Sirabella S. Thorkildsen M. Zakhartsev 《Continental Shelf Research》2001,21(18-19)
Effects of global warming on animal distribution and performance become visible in many marine ecosystems. The present study was designed to develop a concept for a cause and effect understanding with respect to temperature changes and to explain ecological findings based on physiological processes. The concept is based on a wide comparison of invertebrate and fish species with a special focus on recent data obtained in two model species of fish. These fish species are both characterized by northern and southern distribution limits in the North Atlantic: eelpout (Zoarces viviparus), as a typical non-migrating inhabitant of the coastal zone and the cod (Gadus morhua), as a typical inhabitant of the continental shelf with a high importance for fisheries.Mathematical modelling demonstrates a clear significant correlation between climate induced temperature fluctuations and the recruitment of cod stocks. Growth performance in cod is optimal at temperatures close to 10°C, regardless of the population investigated in a latitudinal cline. However, temperature specific growth rates decrease at higher latitudes. Also, fecundity is less in White Sea than in North and Baltic Sea cod or eelpout populations. These findings suggest that a cold-induced shift in energy budget occurs which is unfavorable for growth performance and fecundity. Thermal tolerance limits shift depending on latitude and are characterized by oxygen limitation at both low or high temperatures. Oxygen supply to tissues is optimized at low temperature by a shift in hemoglobin isoforms and oxygen binding properties to lower affinities and higher unloading potential. Protective stimulation of heat shock protein synthesis was not observed.According to a recent model of thermal tolerance the downward shift of tolerance limits during cold adaptation is associated with rising mitochondrial densities and, thus, aerobic capacity and performance in the cold, especially in eurythermal species. At the same time the costs of mitochondrial maintenance reflected by mitochondrial proton leakage should rise leaving a lower energy fraction for growth and reproduction. The preliminary conclusion can be drawn that warming will cause a northern shift of distribution limits for both species with a rise in growth performance and fecundity larger than expected from the Q10 effect in the north and lower growth or even extinction of the species in the south. Such a shift may heavily affect fishing activities in the North Sea. 相似文献
35.
Cheng Kuei-Hsiang 《中国地震研究》2001,15(3):311-320
INTRODUCTIONSeveMmethdsdPOtential analyslsfor medium-and short-termpredlctlon dl’l;lln shocks weredevelopedbaseduponthe pnnclpledInaccufatemeasurementoffOCfOCustheoryaMthepattemdmainshocks.These analytic methods can be used to predict strong earthop拙es In shallow layers on thesubducting plate boundeq In squeezed zones.More than a half of strong earthquakes In the world。located inthe shallow depth tthe suMuctingplate boundw In s仰eezed zones.This paPerfirst Statesthe philoso… 相似文献
36.
37.
38.
39.
K. Justtanont A. G. G. M. Tielens C. J. Skinner M. R. Haas 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):305-308
We present a preliminary interpretation of high CO rotational line data obtained from KAO. The possibility of either a PDR or a shock model is considered in order to explain the observations. 相似文献
40.
R. A. Krivonos A. A. Vikhlinin M. L. Markevitch M. N. Pavlinsky 《Astronomy Letters》2003,29(7):425-428
The cluster of galaxies A754 is undergoing a merger of several large structural units. X-ray observations show the nonequilibrium state of the central part of the cluster, in which a cloud of cold plasma ~500 kpc in size was identified amid the hotter cluster gas. The X-ray image of A754 exhibits a brightness discontinuity, which can be interpreted as a shock wave in front of a moving cloud of dense gas. The shock parameters are determined from the jump in intergalactic gas density using the ROSAT image. The estimated Mach number is M1 = 1.71 ?0.24 +0.45 at a 68% confidence level. 相似文献