Area coverage maximization in service facility siting

Traditionally, models for siting facilities in order to optimize coverage of area demand have made use of discrete space representations to efficiently handle both candidate facility locations and demand. These discretizations of space are often necessary given the linear functional forms of many siting models and the complexities associated with evaluating continuous space. Recently, several spatial optimization approaches have been proposed to address the more general problem of identifying facility sites that maximize regional coverage for the case where candidate sites and demand are continuously distributed across space. One assumption of existing approaches is that only demand falling within a prescribed radius of the facility can be effectively served. In many practical applications, however, service areas are not necessarily circular, as terrain, transportation, and service characteristics of the facility often result in irregular shapes. This paper develops a generalized service coverage approach, allowing a sited facility to have any continuous service area shape, not simply a circle. Given that demand and facility sites are assumed to be continuous throughout a region, geometrical properties of the demand region and the service facility coverage area are exploited to identify a facility site to optimize the correspondence between the two areas. In particular, we consider the case where demand is uniformly distributed and the service area is translated to maximize coverage. A heuristic approach is proposed for efficient model solution. Application results are presented for siting a facility given differently shaped service areas.

一种基于NAMPD的快速边界提取算法(英文)

The nonsymmetry and antipacking pattern representation model(NAM) ,inspired by the concept of the packing problem,uses a set of subpatterns to represent an original pattern.The NAM is a promising method for image representation because of its ability to focus on the interesting subsets of an image.In this paper,we develop a new method for gray-scale image representation based on NAM,called NAM-structured plane decomposition(NAMPD) ,in which each subpattern is associated with a rectangular region in the imag...     

面向地理问题求解的数据表达模型研究

本文以地理问题求解和地理科学研究建模环境建设的需求为导向,针对面向地理问题求解建模环境在利用多源异构数据方面遇到的问题,进行了面向地理问题求解的数据表达模型(XGE-DRM)的研究。本文重点研究了多源、异构、跨领域地理数据的表达方式与组织规范,从原子数据层与对象组织层两个层次对XGE-DRM的基本原子构成与对象组成方式进行了阐述;通过对地理数据的结构与语义进行解析,显式表达地理数据的结构与语义;在结构清晰、语义明确的情况下,实现多源异构数据的抽取与交换,最终实现多源异构数据的共享。实验证明,文中提出的数据表达模型能够实现多源异构数据的通用表达,解决地理问题求解建模环境平台下数据共享的问题。     

The shaft‐based methodological approach to the quantification of long limb bones and its relevance to understanding hominid subsistence in the Pleistocene: application to four Palaeolithic sites

The present work contributes to the debate of skeletal part use in archaeology to reconstruct hominid economic behaviour during the Pleistocene. It doubles the sample of sites where comparison of long limb bone element quantification is made by using alternative identification techniques based on epiphyses and epiphyses plus shafts. A refined method of long limb element quantification using shafts is discussed and applied to four sites representing different time periods from the end of the Middle Pleistocene to the end of the Upper Pleistocene. It is shown that when long limb elements are properly quantified a hypothesis of early access to carcasses at these sites can be supported. The data thus drawn are also used to compare skeletal part evenness across the time periods represented by the four sites selected. The results indicate low‐cost transport decisions by hominids at these sites. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

44 Years Hindcast of the sea level and circulation in the Baltic Sea

The subject of the investigation was the multiyear hindcast of the sea level elevations and currents over the Baltic Sea. The approach follows to the HIPOCAS project conception and contained the 3D hydrodynamic model using boundary conditions from the atmosphere and catchment for 44-year period referring to the second half of the 20th century.     

Spatial macrozoobenthic distribution patterns in relation to major environmental factors- A case study from the Pomeranian Bay (southern Baltic Sea)

The aim of this study was to identify potential environmental “key factors” causing spatial distributions of macrozoobenthic communities to improve our understanding concerning benthic biotic/abiotic interactions and ecosystem functioning. To this end benthic and environmental data, collected over a period of 4 years (2003–2006) at 191 sampling stations in the Pomeranian Bay (southwest Baltic Sea), were analysed. This represents the most comprehensive study performed in this respect in the Baltic Sea up to date and also the necessary first step towards a model able to predict macrofaunal distributions regarding autecological species-environment interactions. Based on species abundances, distinctive macrobenthic community patterns were identified and evaluated via univariate correlation methods, multivariate numerical classification and ordination techniques (e.g. PCA, CCA). These patterns were caused by clear responses of several benthic species to certain prevailing environmental conditions. The observed distribution of selected species followed a strong gradient of depth and was explained best by the sediment parameters total organic carbon (TOC), median grain size and sorting. By using different statistical methods these abiotic/biotic interactions were modelled allowing to extend our knowledge concerning ecosystem functioning, and provide a tool to assess natural and anthropogenic forced changes in species distribution.     

地理案例推理及其应

由于案例推理接近于人类认识、解决问题最原始的思维方式，具有在无法获取机理模型、确定规则或统计模型时，采用简单的历史相似性实现问题的定量求解和预测的特点，成为当前人工智能中备受关注的领域。在讨论案例推理方法发展的基础上，探讨应用案例推理进行地学问题求解的具体方法。从地学数据分析的角度提出了地理案例推理，并结合地理案例的特点，具体讨论了地理案例的表达模式和推理模型，最后结合东海中心渔场预报的实际工作，给出这种方法的具体应用实例。