登陆热带气旋的大暴雨天气与一般暴雨对比分析及其雨强增幅原因的初探

本文以９０１５号热带气旋登陆后造成的省淮以南大暴雨天气为例，与８闪一般暴雨天气的热力动力条件进行对比，分析它们之间的异同点，并利用二维点尺度力学模式对地面中尺度锋区引起民环流进行模拟试验，结果表明，在热带气旋伸向东北部一条辐合线的偏北旗帜的中尺度锋区驱动扰动涡旋，在涡旋的上升部位可对大暴雨有增幅作用。     

热带森林生态系统气象观测铁塔的设计

讨论了西双版纳地区原始热带雨林和人工林气象观测铁塔的选择与设计，扼要地介绍了气象观测铁塔的塔形，结构及春功能，并提出了在高湿多雷热带雨林地区设计，安装铁塔应注意的事项及解决途径。     

台风异常运动及其外区热力不稳定非对称结构的影响效应

本文数值模拟研究揭示了台风外区热力不稳定非对称结构对其异常路径的影响问题，提出了台风运动非对称结构的影响，不仅表现在台风涡旋动力结构特征上，而且反映在台风外区三维非对称热力结构特点方面，即包括温、湿不稳定层结分布特征及其强弱程度因素。台风外区不同热力非对称分布特征将导致台风移动轨迹的显著差异，且构成各类“旋转”、“打转”、“转向”等复杂异常路径。     

中国热带东,西部地区冬季气候的差异与橡胶树的引种

由于青藏高原的动力影响，使得西部地区冬季出现下沉气流，多日照，利于橡胶树的越冬，而东部则出现上升气流，少日照，不利越冬，又由于青藏高原大山体，冬季明显地阻挡低层空气平流，导致高原南侧的西部地区冬季降温和缓，有利橡胶树越冬，而东部地区因无高大山体阻挡，寒潮初期降温剧烈，后期低温阴雨天气持续甚久，易导致橡胶树的严重寒害。     

发展互花米草开发华南热带海滩

互花米草是禾本科多年生高秆型草本植物，原产北美洲大西洋海岸，７０年代末引入我国，本文在大量试验基础上，对互花米草在华南热带海滩的生长适应性，生物量和收获量及其在促淤造陆，改良土壤等方面作了论述，并对互花米草的抗污染作用和作为饲料，饵料等的经济作用也进行了定量分析，认为互花米草在华南热带海滩具有广阔的开发应用前景。     

我国热带亚热带部分地区花岗岩和片麻岩中黑云母风化研究

综合应用Ｘ射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜及偏光显微镜等技术手段研究了我国热带、亚热带部分地区花岗岩和片麻岩中黑云母的风化现象。结果表明，化学风化产物主要有黑云母／蛭石不规则间层矿物、水黑云母、蛭石、０．７ｎｍ埃洛石及铁的氢氧化物（氧化物）等。影响黑云母风化及次生产物形成的主要因素包括黑云母的晶体结构和化学成分、气候、风化壳母岩的矿物成分等。     

INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCES AND MOISTURE SINKS OVER THE EQUATORIAL PACIFIC AND THEIR RELATIONS TO THE SST ANOMALIES

The interannual variations of atmospheric heat sources and moisture sinks over the Equatorial Pacific and their relations with the SST anomalies are studied using ECMWF reanalysis data from 1979 to 1993. It is found by singular value decomposition (SVD)…     

Correlation of seismic activity and fumarole temperature at the Mt. Merapi volcano (Indonesia) in 2000

In this paper we present densely sampled fumarole temperature data, recorded continuously at a high-temperature fumarole of Mt. Merapi volcano (Indonesia). These temperature time series are correlated with continuous records of rainfall and seismic waveform data collected at the Indonesian–German multi-parameter monitoring network. The correlation analysis of fumarole temperature and precipitation data shows a clear influence of tropical rain events on fumarole temperature. In addition, there is some evidence that rainfall may influence seismicity rates, indicating interaction of meteoric water with the volcanic system. Knowledge about such interactions is important, as lava dome instabilities caused by heavy-precipitation events may result in pyroclastic flows. Apart from the strong external influences on fumarole temperature and seismicity rate, which may conceal smaller signals caused by volcanic degassing processes, the analysis of fumarole temperature and seismic data indicates a statistically significant correlation between a certain type of seismic activity and an increase in fumarole temperature. This certain type of seismic activity consists of a seismic cluster of several high-frequency transients and an ultra-long-period signal (<0.002 Hz), which are best observed using a broadband seismometer deployed at a distance of 600 m from the active lava dome. The corresponding change in fumarole temperature starts a few minutes after the ultra-long-period signal and simultaneously with the high-frequency seismic cluster. The change in fumarole temperature, an increase of 5 °C on average, resembles a smoothed step. Fifty-four occurrences of simultaneous high-frequency seismic cluster, ultra-long period signal and increase of fumarole temperature have been identified in the data set from August 2000 to January 2001. The observed signals appear to correspond to degassing processes in the summit region of Mt. Merapi.     

基于常规扫描仪的植物叶面积计算系统

以计算机和扫描仪的组合技术为基础 ,用ViscalBasic 6 0语言 ,建立了Lea fArea1 0植物叶面积计算系统 ,经过对扫描图片的像素分析 ,实现了植物叶面积测定 ,其测定的误差小于 2‰ ,是一项易于业务化的应用系统。     

TRMM卫星微波成像仪分级产品及其反演降水算法

文章叙述了获取定量降水信息的意义，简要介绍了对热带测雨卫星TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission)的仪器、美国国家宇航局提供的微波成像仪TMI(TRMM Microwave Imager)分级产品。对比了物理方法和经验方法反演降水的特点，并对一些经验方法以及倾斜对流系统对反演降水的影响、动态聚类分析、神经网络反演方法的研究成果进行了介绍。