基于迭代法的同轴法X射线相衬成像的相位复原

相位复原问题是指在只有强度可以测量的情况下,从强度数据中提取出物体的相位信息。相位复原是同轴法X射线相衬成像的关键问题之一。本文采用误差递减法,通过限制物体的空间大小,结合测量到的强度数据,在物体的空域和频域都进行约束。通过反复迭代,进行带宽外推,最终实现物面和像面的相位复原。仿真实验证明了此迭代算法的收敛性,并且以塑料管为样品,在上海光源采集到同轴法X射线相衬成像的实验数据,对上述算法进行了验证。     

双低技术在腹主动脉联合下肢动脉CTA中的可行性探讨

目的:比较腹主动脉联合下肢动脉CT成像中两种不同对比剂注射方案对对比剂剂量的影响。方法:搜集临床上怀疑腹主-下肢动脉疾病行CT血管成像(CTA)的患者50例,随机分为A、B组,对比剂(350 mg I/m L),A组:男16例,女9例,平均年龄(58.53±9.39)岁,平均体质量(67.86±11.65)kg,平均扫描范围(124.65±8.28)cm。B组:男17例,女8例,平均年龄(60.87±9.76)岁,平均体质量(66.23±12.42)kg,平均扫描范围(122.59±9.12)cm。A组注射流率4 m L/s,对比剂用量1.5 m L/kg。B组第1期5 m L/s注射20 m L,第2期3 m L/s注射剩余量;B组对比剂总量=1.5 m L/kg×体重-4 m L/s×(B方案对比剂注射时间-A方案对比剂注射时间)。对比剂注射完毕两组均以3 m L/s流率无缝隙注射生理盐水30 m L。两组均选择智能触发技术,监测平面为腹主动脉(右膈肌水平),阈值≥150 HU。对两组5个动脉段图像质量进行评分;测量5个动脉段CT值,记录两组对比剂剂量。均进行独立样本t检验。结果:A组5个动脉段图像质量评分、平均CT值分别为:4.76±0.44、(328.46±21.45)HU(腹主动脉段),4.20±0.58和(330.96±22.52)HU(髂动脉段),4.36±0.57、(327.16±23.65)HU(股动脉-腘动脉段),3.32±0.63、(296.53±20.43)HU(小腿动脉段),3.12±0.53、(257.26±21.21)HU(足背或足底动脉段);B组分别为:4.72±0.46、(329.75±23.12)HU(腹主动脉段),4.08±0.57、(331.63±24.64)HU(髂动脉段),4.16±0.55、(319.89±21.79)HU(股动脉-腘动脉段),3.24±0.66、(290.44±21.57)HU(小腿动脉段),3.28±0.46、(243.76±27.29)HU(足背或足底动脉段);B组均低于A组,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A、B组对比剂剂量分别为(93.79±13.68)m L和(74.61±14.76)m L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对比剂流率5 m L/s+3 m L/s分期注射可在不影响图像质量的前提下降低腹主动脉联合下肢动脉CTA的对比剂用量。      

Evaluation of a Model for Predicting Simultaneous Contrast on Color Maps

Perceptions of colors of individual map symbols are affected by simultaneous contrast, or induction, from surrounding colors. In an experiment with human subjects, reaction times were significantly slower, with significantly more errors, for test maps on which an induction model predicted that colors would be misinterpreted. Reaction times and error rates improved significantly with map color adjustments that the model predicted would remove induced confusions. These results represent progress toward establishing objective guidance for the design of effective color schemes in computer-assisted mapping environments common in cartography, geographic information systems, and scientific visualization.     

Mesh grading approach for wave propagation in high velocity-contrast media

A mesh grading approach based on investigated lump method has been presented for simulating wave propagation in high velocity-contrast media. Unstructured fine grids are used to discretize the low wave-velocity medium in order to ensure the accuracy of numerical computation, and unstructured coarse grids are used for the high wave-velocity medium in order to substantially reduce the computational cost. On the interface, one coarse grid can match the fine grids of arbitrary odd number. The key feature of the proposed method is the constructions of investigated lumps on the interfaces of media. The transition zone, which is commonly used in the discontinuous grid scheme based on the staggered-grid finite-difference method, will not be used any more. Moreover, the computational instability that the discontinuous grid schemes frequently encountered does not arise in the proposed method. The comparisons with the analytical solutions and the application in studying the effects of sedimentary basin demonstrated that the mesh grading approach is a valid, accurate, convenient and flexible algorithm in simulating wave propagations in high velocity-contrast media with irregular interfaces.     

基于暗原色的航空遥感影像薄雾去除与改进

本文对航空遥感影像的薄雾进行了研究,根据雾图像成像模型和基于暗原色先验知识,结合图像对比度的自适应调整,提出了一种对航空遥感影像薄雾去除的改进算法。采用数字航空相机DSS439获取的不同地物特征类型的应急遥感影像进行去雾实验,并对实验结果进行分析、比较与评价,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

不同校正方法对RTK测图精度的影响

基于RTK技术的原理和方法进行测量实验,将RTK测量数据与GPS静态定位数据进行分析对比,探讨了不同的校正方法、测量距离等因素对RTK测量精度的影响,从而得出RTK的作业精度和实际作用范围,为RTK更好地在工程测量中应用提供了参考。     

The Relationship Between June Precipitation over Mid-Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and Spring Soil Moisture over the East Asian Monsoon Region

Using the US Climate Prediction Center(CPC)soil moisture dataset and the observed precipitation over China together with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis wind and air temperature,the relationship between June precipitation over mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin(MLR-YRB)and spring soil moisture over the East Asian monsoon region was explored,with the signal of the ENSO effect on precipitation removed.A significant positive correlation was found between the mean June precipitation and the preceding soilmoisture over the MRL-YRB.The possible response mechanism for this relationship was also investigated.It is found that when the soil over the MRL-YRB is wetter(drier) than normal in April and May,theair temperature in the lower troposphere over this region in May is lower(higher) than normal,and this temperature effect leads to a decrease(increase) in the temperature contrast between the land and the sea.Generally,a decrease(increase) in the land-sea temperature contrast leads to weaker(stronger) East Asian summer monsoon in June.Southerly(northerly)wind anomalies at 850 hPa then show up in the south of the Yangtze River basin while northerly(southerly)wind anomalies dominate in the north.These anomalies lead to the convergence(divergence) of wind and water vapor and hence gives rise to more(less) precipitation in June over the MLR-YRB.     

区域海气耦合过程对中国东部夏季降水模拟的影响

本文以区域环境系统集成模式(RIEMS)和普林斯顿海洋模式(POM)为基础,建立了一个区域海气耦合模式,评估了其对1985～2004年中圜东部夏季降水的模拟性能,并通过与观测海温强迫下单独大气模式模拟结果的比较,分析了海气耦合过程对降水模拟性能的影响.结果表明:耦合模式基本能够模拟出中国东部地区夏季降水的气候态分布及中...     

地球化学异常提取的自适应衬值滤波法

地球化学数据分布,特别是微量元素的频率分布,是正向偏斜的,其异常下限的计算也是基于对数正态分布。当定性分析元素的分布状态时,大部分样本分布状态的结果是可以接受的,但是当定量计算异常下限时,一定要结合具体样本的实际分布情况。引入g-h分布函数对样本数据进行拟合,根据所得到的参数确定异常下限,将异常下限与标准离差分割开来。结合子区中位数衬值滤波法,对个旧及其外围成矿区的化探数据进行处理,同时自适应的调节滤波窗口大小,提取化探异常,从而对预测靶区进行圈定。     

ArcGIS证据权模型在铜矿成矿预测中的应用 ——以博格达-哈尔里克成矿带为例

本文选择博格达-哈尔里克一带作为研究区,从区域成矿地质背景入手,鉴于该地区已知成型铜矿床较少,成矿规律研究薄弱,故作者采用ArcGIS平台下的证据权模型(WofE),以数据驱动方式为主,从断裂构造、沉积岩相与建造、火山岩建造、侵入岩岩性等方面,以学生化反差S(C)作为有利因子衡量指标,对各控矿因素进行影响程度分类,利用加权逻辑斯回归模型计算成矿后验概率,根据后验概率值的大小进行成矿远景区的圈定和分级,在博格达-哈尔里克成矿带内共圈定7个成矿远景区。最后结合区域化探资料进行了验证,结果显示所圈定的铜矿成矿远景区内化探异常明显,与Cu元素异常套合较好,说明ArcGIS证据权模型能很好地为区域矿产预测提供良好的技术支撑,为研究区铜矿找矿方向提供理论依据,文中所总结的基于ArcGIS平台的证据权计算方法流程也为区域矿产预测提供了方法借鉴。