山东省飞机增雨天气系统云水资源转化特征分析

利用水汽辐合法和水汽凝结法，对山东省1997－1999年春秋季18个降水过程的水汽辐合率、凝结率及降水效率等表征云水资源及其转化的特征量进行计算。分析了南方气旋、西北冷锋等主要降水天气系统以上特征量的地域分布和差别。可为人工增雨作业区域选择和航线设计提供气候背景。     

黄河上游云凝结核观测研究

分析了2001、2001年8月在黄河上游的玛曲－河南县利用美国Mee公司的130型云凝结核计数器观测的资料，讨论了凝结核的谱型，浓度随饱和度、天气状况及一些气象要素变化的关系，通过与其它地方观测结果的比较，可以看出在地表植被较好的黄河上游牧区，人类活动、污染较少，其自然凝结核少，浓度与青岛的测值相近，与海洋过饱和核谱型接近。     

青藏高原加热与亚洲环流季节变化和夏季风爆发

利用逐日NCEP/NCAR再分析资料分析了春夏过渡季节青减高原非绝热加热和大气环流季节变化以及亚洲季风爆发的关系.结果表明,过渡季节的早期(5月中旬以前)青藏高原总非绝热加热与感热加热的时间演变曲线趋势一致,感热加热在过渡季节早期的环流演变中有很重要的作用.青藏高原非绝热加热的时间演变与北半球环流的季节变化和亚洲夏季风爆发有很好的相关.在过渡季节里,青藏高原非绝热加热的变化引起了海-陆热力差异对比的变化,给亚洲夏季风的爆发建立了有利的背景环境,对亚洲夏季风爆发有明显的影响.结果还表明,用各区域纬向风垂直差异的时空分布能更准确地表示季节变化的区域差异.     

石家庄市采暖期气象服务系统

在采暖期内为了做到既能让人们感到冷暖适宜，又能合理地减少采暖期内的采暖能源浪费，该文对石家庄市采暖期气象条件进行了详细分析，建立了与气象预报相结合的采暖气象服务系统，实际应用效果良好。     

斯堪的那维亚臭氧亏损和地面加热

对ＮＡＳＡ的ＴＯＭＳ臭氧资料进行分析后指出：冬季在北极的斯堪的那维亚地区存在一个明显的臭氧亏损区，亏损区的中心值达－５０ ＤＵ，相当于该区域平均值的 １５％。对臭氧亏损和北大西洋海温的东西向差异作相关分析得到：其季节变化的相关系数为－０．９６，逐月（ １６８个月）变化的相关系数为－０．７０。同样对臭氧亏损与地面加热进行相关分析后指出：斯堪的那维亚地区的臭氧亏损和该地区地面的热通量关系极其密切，其相关系数均在－０．８７以上。由此我们认为：北大西洋暖流向北输送能量，引起斯堪的纳维亚地区地面加热，由此造成了冬季该地区的臭氧亏损。     

西北地区地下水的地质生态环境调节作用研究

针对西北干旱区特定的生态环境条件 ,通过凝结水对沙生植物作用的分析以及地下水位埋深对植物生长和土壤盐渍化影响的分析 ,探讨了地下水对生态环境的控制作用 ,认为地下水埋深及包气带水分运动状况 ,是主要生态环境指标 ,保持合理的生态地下水位是防治植物死亡和土地荒漠化的关键 ;维持适度的地下水位埋深 ,可以控制土壤水盐运移和均衡 ,达到改良土壤和改善地质生态环境的目的。文中还探讨了塔里木河和玛纳斯河流域水资源开发利用对生态环境的影响。     

淹没不整合型碳酸盐三级旋回层序——兼论碳酸盐台地的“凝缩作用”

与层序地层学定义的类型Ⅰ层序（ＬＳＴ＋ＴＳＴ＋ＣＳ＋ＨＳＴ）及类型Ⅱ层序（ＳＭＴ＋ＴＳＴ＋ＣＳ＋ＨＳＴ）不同，淹没不整合型碳酸盐三级旋回层序以凝缩段直接覆盖在层序界面之上形成的，“ＣＳ＋ＨＳＴ”序列为特征，而且其底界面为一淹没不整合面或加深饥饿间断面。该类型三级旋回层序是碳酸盐台地淹没事件产生的凝缩作用过程的产物，它以总体向上变浅的非对称相序为特征。华北北部晚寒武世地层中发育的四个淹没不整合型三级旋回层序的相序特征表明，台地淹没事件及其相关的凝缩作用，只要沉积背景适合，并非三级旋回层序所独有，高频率海平面变化也常产生“瞬时淹没”，因而凝缩段并非都发育在最大海侵期，并且凝缩段也存在级别归属问题。     

摩擦滑动对石英和方解石热释光性质的影响及其地震地质意义

通过高温高压实验及热释光测量建立了石英在100MPa和方解石在30MPa围压下剩余热释光强度随温度的变化曲线,以此为据,通过三轴摩擦实验前后样品的热释光测量,研究了相应围压、不同错动速率下摩擦滑动对石英和方解石剩余热释光强度的影响及其反映的温度变化。在此基础上,根据已有理论结果和实际资料,对利用热释光方法断代及推测断层活动方式的可能性等问题进行了讨论     

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEATING ANOMALY EFFECTS OF TIBETAN PLATEAU ON CIRCULATION IN SUMMER

A 5-layer numerical model with p-σ incorporated coordinate system and primitive equations is used to simulatethe effects of heating anomaly at and over the Tibetan(Qinghai-Xizang)Plateau on the circulations in East Asia in sum-mer,The model is described briefly in the text and the results are analysed in somewhat detail.Results show that the sur-face albedo,the drag coefficient,the evaporation rate and the ground temperature all have large influences on the circula-tion near the Plateau and in East Asia.When the heating at the surface increases,the Tibetan high in the uppertroposphere intensifies,too.Its area enlarges and its axis tilts to northwest.The upper tropical easterly increase andshifts to north.The southwesterly in the lower troposphere,in consistence,also increases.The cross-equatorial low-lev-el currents along Somali and South India are influenced to increase their speeds while those over North Australia de-crease.The land low over the Asian Continent deepens.Meanwhile the upward motions over the land of east China andover the Indo-China Peninsula intensify and therefore the precipitation over those areas increases.However,along thecoastal area of China the upward motions and therefore the precipitation decrease.Atmospheric heat source anomaly has large influence on the circulation,too.Simulated results indicate that heatsource anomaly in the lower atmosphere over the Plateau influences the intensity and the position of the monsoon circu-lation while that in the upper atmosphere only affects the intensity.The heating status over the Plateau has slight influ-ence on the westerly jet,north of the Plateau,while it has strong effect on the subtropical jet at the mid and low latitudes.     

On the stability of a coupled ocean atmosphere system in the presence of wave-CISK

The stability of a simple coupled ocean-atmosphere system similar to the one studied by Hirst with general ocean thermodynamics is investigated in which the atmospheric heating is determined by sea surface temperature anomalies as well as the convergence feedback (low level moisture convergence by the waves themselves). It is shown that the unstable coupled mode found by Hirst (UH mode) is profoundly modified by the convergence feedback. The feedback increases the unstable range of the UH mode and can increase its growth rate several folds. The maximally growing UH mode can become westward propagating for certain strength of convergence feedback. If the convergence feedback strength exceeds a critical value, several new unstable intraseasonal modes are also introduced. These modes are basically ‘advective’ modes. For relatively weak strengths of the convergence feedback the growth rates of these modes are smaller than that of the UH mode. As the atmosphere approaches ‘moist neutral’ state, the growth rates of these modes could become comparable or even larger than that of the UH mode. It is argued that these results explain why the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal is clear in the eastern Pacific but not so in the western Pacific and they may also explain some of the differences between individual ENSO events. Our results also explain the aperiodic behaviour of some coupled numerical models. Importance of this process in explaining the observed aperiodicity of the ENSO phenomenon is indicated.