空间直角坐标至两类常用坐标的快速变换

由空间直角坐标至站心极坐标的间接变换方法存在着使用复杂和不够直接快速的问题,该文提出了空间直角坐标至大地坐标快速变换的二维迭代方法;通过分析空间直角坐标与站心极坐标的几何关系,提出了站心极坐标直接变换的几何解析法。计算结果表明,当迭代停止条件采用空间点位误差限值10-5 m时,大地坐标变换的二维迭代法一般2次收敛;站心极坐标几何解析法与常规间接变换结果完全相同,验证了文中所提方法的正确性和快速性。     

北疆暴雪过程的湿位涡诊断

利用NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,对2009年3月19—20日北疆沿天山一带一次暴雪天气过程进行诊断分析,着重探讨了湿位涡诊断在新疆暴雪预报中的应用。分析表明：暴雪的水汽输送有3个源地,低层负散度、向北倾斜的涡度“上负下正”分布、等θe线的陡立密集带、垂直速度负值区与暴雪落区均有较好的对应关系。暴雪主要发生在MPV1〉0、MPV2绝对值迅速增加且等值线密集分布的区域。MPV1下传增大,大气对流不稳定能量释放,低层MPV2绝对值增大,大气湿斜压性增强,下滑倾斜涡度增长是暴雪形成的重要原因。     

用前期海温预报四川夏季气温的EOF迭代方案

应用ＥＯＦ（经验正交函数）迭代方案，考虑多时次历史资料，在全球海区海温与四川盆地气温非同步联系的基础上，以海温为预报因子进行了夏季气温的长期预报。结果表明：西太平洋高温区等关键海区海温的异常对未来四川盆地夏季气温变化有重要影响，由此建立的引入多时次海温的ＥＯＦ迭代长期温度预报方法，具有较强的预报能力     

VARIATIONAL ITERATION SOLVING METHOD FOR SEA-AIR OSCILLATOR MODEL OF INTERDECADAL CLIMATE FLUCTUATIONS

1IN T R O D U C T IO NInteractionsbetween the ocean and atmosphere con-tributeto climatefluctuationosver a broad spectrum oftime scales.Studiesof those interactionhsave farfo-cused on El Ni o-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)phe-nomenon thathas a period of3to4yea…     

中国东部海域冬季风场与海浪场的关联特征分析

利用WAVEWATCHⅢ海浪模式模拟的1993-2011年中国东部海域19 a冬季逐日海浪场资料以及同期CCMP逐日风场资料,采用奇异值分解(SVD)的方法分析了冬季中国东部海域海浪场与提前0~5 d的东亚大陆地面风场的关联特征。结果发现:海浪场与提前1 d的地面风场的关联更有意义;SVD第一模态和第二模态分别反映了贝加尔湖以东南下的反气旋式偏北扰动大风(或气旋式偏南扰动大风)和中国东部平原入海的气旋式扰动风场(或反气旋式扰动风场)对中国东部海域海浪的扰动影响。此外,SVD分析还揭示了冬季影响中国东部海域海浪的大风关键区和移动路径;随着时间的推移,大风关键区从贝加尔湖以东逐步由蒙古南下影响中国东北和华北地区,最后到达中国东部海域。     

500hPa环流变化与山东春季降水异常

应用SVD技术,诊断分析了北半球500hPa高度场与山东春季降水的关系。结果表明：山东春季降水与北半球500hPa高度场关系密切,山东春季降水与东亚上空500hPa高度场具有很好的同步联系。前期(冬季)日本东北部500hPa高度场是影响山东南部春季降水的关键区,具有预测意义。500hPa高度距平场东高西低型是造成山东春季降水的主要大气环流形势,西高东低型是造成山东少雨的主要大气环流形势。     

INFLUENCE OF THE SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE OVER ASIAN-PACIFIC REGION ON THE SUMMERTIME NORTHEASTERN ASIAN BLOCKING HIGH*

Synthesis analysis and singular value decomposition (SVD) methods were used to study the impact of surface air temperature (SAT) over Asian-Pacific region on the summertime northeastern Asian blocking high (NABH) with NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Data.The results showed that 500 hPa geopotential height and SAT fields over Asian-Pacific region shared the similar pattern of East Asian Pacific (EAP) wave train;there was steady remote response relationship between the EAP wave train in summer and the "+-+" pattern of tropical SAT in zonal direction from former winter to summer;there were two relative negative(positive) Walker circulations over the tropical Indian Ocean and Pacific when being more(less) summertime NABH. The influence of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) on the summertime NABH was possibly as follows.The special distribution of SSTA in tropical zonal direction continuously forced the tropical convection and zonal circulation from former winter to summer,and led them to act anomaly.Finally the abnormal conditions were transported to middle-high latitudes through EAP wave train and yielded the advantageous or disadvantageous atmospheric circulation background for the summertime NABH.     

Performance of a flux splitting scheme when solving the single-phase pressure equation discretized by MPFA

In this article we present a series of tests to study how well suited the TPFA coefficient matrix is as a preconditioner for the MPFA discrete system of equations in an iterative solver, using a flux splitting method. These tests have been conducted for single-phase flow for a wide range of anisotropy, heterogeneity, and grid skewness (mainly parallelogram grids). We use the K-orthogonal part of the MPFA transmissibilities for a parallelogram grid to govern the TPFA transmissibilities. The convergence of the flux splitting method is for each test case measured by the spectral radius of the iteration matrix.     

Helmert方差分量估计严密公式与简化公式等价性的证明

在分析了Helmert方差分量估计严密公式与简化公式迭代收敛结果一些统计性质的基础上,导出了关于收敛结果共同的求解方程,从理论上证明了两种结果的等价性,为使用简化公式提供了依据。     

抗差估计中几种选权迭代法常数选取的探讨

常规抗差估计中采用选权迭代法时常数的取值是否合理直接关系到平差过程能否顺利进行和平差结果的优劣,本文通过对目前几种选权迭代法中常数的选取进行研究;得出:常数按K1=m ax(|(v1-l1)|)、C=m ax(|(vi-li)|)取值时,能有效解决常规取值方法(K1=3.0~8.0或K1=3.0~6.0,C=8)在粗差较大时出现秩亏、法方程系数矩阵奇异的现象,导致平差不能进行或者平差结果出现严重扭曲的问题,同时本文论述了在确保有解的情况下得到最优解的处理方法。