Cost-effective network design for groundwater flow monitoring

The extensive use of groundwater resources has increased the need for developing cost-effective monitoring networks to provide an indication of the degree to which the subsurface environment has been affected by human activities. This study presents a cost-effective approach to the design of groundwater flow monitoring networks. The groundwater network design is formulated with two problem formats: maximizing the statistical monitoring power for specified budget constraint and minimizing monitoring cost for statistical power requirement. The statistical monitoring power constraint is introduced with an information reliability threshold value. A branch and bound technique is employed to select the optimal solution from a discrete set of possible network alternatives. The method is tested to the design of groundwater flow monitoring problem in the Pomona County, California.     

快速序贯算法

本文讨论了序贯算法的基本原理，与ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波的关系，和序贯算法的渐近性态，得到无先验信息的序贯算法不受初值的影响。实例分析表明，此序贯算法可适于方程系数阵的求逆、求解和病态方程的快速解算。     

BANDPASS FILTERING ANALYSIS WITH GAUSSIAN WEIGHTING FUNCTION IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL FIELDS

This paper examines the response of the bandpass filter with Gaussian weighting function to arbitrarytwo-dimensional fields and proposes a new concept of relative response function.Based on the properties of relative re-sponse function,satisfactory weighting parameters C_1 and C_2 are obtained.By studying two cases,the procedure of us-ing structure function curves to choose the maximum response wavelength is formulated.It is shown that bandpass fil-tering offers some improvements to the analysis and forecast of mesoscale weather processes.     

灰色系统关联度的新模型及其在预测矿体埋深中的应用

首先提出了灰色系统关联度的一个新模型，分析了该模型的性质，其次讨论了应用该模型和关联滤波法预测矿体埋深的问题，然后进行了理论模型试算，证实了本方法的理论效果，最后，指出了新模型的主要优点。     

Conceptual examination of climate–soil controls upon rainfall partitioning in an open-fractured soil II: Response to a population of storms

A simple two-domain bucket model of fractured soil was coupled with a stochastic model of rainfall variability, in order to investigate the climate and soil controls upon the stochastic properties of the triggering of fracture flow and surface runoff, and the partitioning of rainfall between the matrix and fracture domains and surface runoff. Conventionally, soils are regarded as time domain filters between rainfall and hydrological response. This investigation highlights an additional type of threshold filtering especially important in understanding the infiltration behaviour of fractured soils, for which an event-based characterisation of rainfall in modelling is crucial. A priori-definable indices were derived which are capable of describing elements of this threshold filtering, by allowing the statistical properties of fracture flow- and surface runoff-triggering storms (i.e., mean and variance of storm duration, intensity and effective inter-storm period, as well as cumulative partitioning of rainfall), to be inferred directly from average storm and soil properties. Using these indices, the long-term response of fractured soils, including the long-term hydrological importance of fractures, can be estimated without simulation.     

重磁数据的线性滤波与反演失真问题

文中对国内研制的4种主要线性滤波方法进行了对比分析。选出一种具代表性的滤波方法,用计算机模拟观测场,探讨了在复杂干扰下重磁异常因滤波引起的失真,并就重磁异常在因滤波而引起失真的情况下如何反演解释,提出了可行的办法和建议。     

SINS／GPS级联组合滤波新算法

针对级联式SINS／GPS导航系统中组合滤波器的测量噪声与系统噪声的相关问题，提出了一种相关程度未知条件下的估计量最优融合算法，并由此得到了一个顾及噪声相关性的的卡尔曼滤波新算法；通过对一套SINS／GPS数据的计算，证明了新算法是成功的。     

防震减灾技术系统网络应用中的网络安全

扼要介绍计算机网络安全结构及Internet网络应用中的数据服务。国家防震减灾技术系统网络中心计算机网络的组成及安全。介绍了Internet提供的服务；网络中心与Internet的2个出口以及它提供的DNS、FTP、E－MAIL、WWW等服务。重点介绍网络中心的防火墙安全及防火墙的过滤作用。     

排除油田深水井动态干扰因素的一种方法

为了适应油田地下水动态观测资料的处理，有效地排除干扰，对Weiner滤波方法进行了改进，利用改进后的方法，处理了胜利油田东水-3井的观测资料，结果表明，利用该方法可以较好地消除各种干扰对地下水动态观测的影响。