Time segmented least squares identification of base isolated buildings

In this article two new approaches are presented for time domain identification of base isolated buildings from recorded response during earthquakes: (1) a least squares technique with time segments is developed to identify the piece-wise linear system properties; and (2) an observer is used to estimate the unmeasured states and initial conditions of different time segments. In base isolated buildings changes in dynamic properties occur during earthquake response due to nonlinear behavior. Hence, a multi-input and multi-output technique using time segments is developed for piece-wise linear system identification. The primary advantage of the developed time segmented technique is that it can be applied to windows of time history instead of the entire duration of earthquake response. The developed technique (1) starts with identification using the entire duration of the earthquake response; (2) evaluation of time segments during which the identified response differs significantly from the recorded response to establish windows of time history during which refined identification is necessary; and (3) identification of the change in dynamic properties in the established windows using the observer based time segmented least squares approach. Only partial state measurements are usually available for identification. Hence, an observer is used to estimate the unmeasured states and initial conditions needed for different time segments. By comparing identified response with recorded response, of an actual base isolated building which experienced Northridge earthquake, it is shown that the change in dynamic system parameters, such as periods and damping ratios, due to nonlinear response, are reliably estimated using the presented technique.     

地幔柱的识别和演化研究述评

地幔柱的研究已逐渐成为人类认识地球深部动力学机制的重要手段，其诞生-演化与LIPs形成、超大陆裂解以及生物大灭绝事件密切相关。近几十年来，对地幔柱的研究和探索取得了重要进展，尤其是动态地幔柱模式（t ime-dependent）的提出将这一研究热点推向了新的台阶。综合了近些年在地幔柱识别和演化方面的研究资料对前人工作进行总结，归结为以下几个主要方面：地幔柱的时空尺度及其与热点、溢流玄武岩、地壳抬升间的联系；地幔柱的热和物质起源；地幔柱上升和演化的动力学基础。目前仍存在的问题包括：地幔柱是主动还是被动上涌？地幔柱起源于上-下地幔还是核-幔边界？OIB是否代表原始地幔柱的熔融岩浆？无疑这些问题的深入探索将拓宽人类对核幔耦合、地幔对流及浅部物质-能量响应等动力学机制的认识。     

几种不同产地软玉的岩相结构和无破损成分分析

利用质子激发X射线荧光(PIXE)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及激光拉曼光谱(LRS)技术对个来自中国新疆、俄罗斯、加拿大和新西兰等地的软玉样品的进行了岩石矿物学特征分析,从成分组成和微观织构方面比了各地软玉的不同特征。实验结果显示了软玉作为透闪石质玉石,随着Fe_2O_3含量的增加,逐步向阳起石过渡。中国和田以其特有的毛毡状纤维交织结构,形成了均匀细腻、油脂光泽的表面特征。无破损成分分析方法为研究贵重的古玉样品提了技术支持。     

气测参数信息的提取及储层含油气性识别

储层含油气性是评价储层的重要指标,而气测资料与储层含油气性具有较强的相关性。利用R型因子分析对大量气测参数优化组合降维分析,在气测参数大部分信息不丢失的情况下,提取少数几个因子得分意义下的气测解释综合参数,根据其方差贡献的相对大小确定权重。在试油证实的层位中,分别选取油层样品、油水同层样品、含油水层样品和干层样品对应的气测解释参数构造参考序列,把待识别样品对应的气测解释综合参数当作比较序列,进行加权灰色关联分析,得到已证实储层与待识别储层的关联度。建立适当的隶属函数,根据最大隶属度原则确定待判储层的含油气性。实例分析表明,该方法计算简单,正判率高,实用性强。     

中国大陆科学钻探（CCSD）微生物研究——地下3900米一株细菌的分离与鉴定

在中国大陆科学钻探科钻一井的3911.28米处利用厌氧培养基分离到一株细菌CCSDFL3900,该菌的最适生长温度为65℃,兼性厌氧,革兰氏染色为阴性,端生芽孢,不运动,电镜观察无鞭毛。利用细菌16SrDNA通用引物对其16SrRNA进行PCR扩增,16SrRNA序列及其进化树分析结果显示,该菌为芽孢杆菌或地杆菌。生化试验检测显示,该菌株能够利用多种糖类发酵产酸,最终鉴定为热坚芽孢杆菌。     

Study on Correlation and Quantitative Error Estimation Method Among the Splitting Shear Wave Identification Methods

Based on the propagation characteristics of shear wave in the anisotropic layers,thecorrelation among several splitting shear-wave identification methods hasbeen studied.Thispaper puts forward the method estimating splitting shear-wave phases and its reliability byusing of the assumption that variance of noise and useful signal data obey normaldistribution.To check the validity of new method,the identification results and errorestimation corresponding to 95% confidence level by analyzing simulation signals have beengiven.     

Newly-generated Seismic Rupture Zone:Identification,Type Division and Seismogeological Significance

The results of geological research show that those phenomena such as surface geology,geomorphology,deep geophysical field,and time-space distribution of seismicities can be usedas the main seismogeological indicators to identify the newly-generated seismic rupture zone(NSRZ).According to their formation and evolution process,the NSRZs can be divided intothree types:pre-rupture-isolated,quasi-rupture-discontinuous and major-rupture-connected.In a pre-rupture-isolated NSRZ,the seismicity is dominated by medium-small earthquakes.In a quasi-rupture-discontinuous NSRZ,the frequency and intensity of strong earthquakesincrease and there may even be the largest earthquake to occur.A major-rupture-connectedNSRZ is the segment where rupture has entered the mature stage;in such a zone,theintensity and duration of seismic activity depend on the constitutive condition and regionalstress field in the zone.     

城市空间扩展非协调性识别的基础理论与实证分析

针对当前国内外现有城市空间扩展研究因数据和方法的制约而相对缺乏合理性评价以及伴随快速城镇化进程推进的我国城市空间扩展引发了一系列区域可持续发展问题的现实背景,试图基于逆向思维和问题诊断视角构建一座由非协调病理诊断通向协调发展道路的桥梁,从非协调性视角构建城市空间扩展合理性评价指标体系;内涵上具体表征为城市建设用地总量控制非协调性、城市建设用地与农用地、生态用地配比结构非协调性以及城市建设用地空间配置非协调性3个层面。并在此基础上,以2008年中国246个地级市为样本单元展开实证分析。期间从分区(经济区划)、分类(行政等级、道路交通、城市规模、城市属性、气候条件、地形条件等)的思维对其内在规律性进行了揭示、归纳与汇总。结果表明该识别体系较为合理,揭示结果与现实情况相吻合,可以作为认知城市空间扩展,缓解人多地少的基本国情和人地矛盾冲突,促进土地资源的集约高效、合理利用和区际公平可持续发展的理论依据。     

一株产琼胶酶海洋细菌的分离与鉴定

为获得琼胶酶活性高产菌株,对采集的海水样品进行了产酶微生物的分离、筛选和鉴定。经过平板培养预筛和两次摇瓶培养筛选,从浙江省舟山市普陀区近海海水样品中分离到一株琼胶酶产生菌G-5,该菌株液体培养产酶活力可达到413.8 U/mL。G-5菌株的菌落呈乳白色、半透明、表面湿润;菌体革兰氏染色阴性,大小0.58~0.69μm×1.50~2.26μm;光学显微镜下呈短杆状,略有弧形。G-5菌株的16S rDNA序列与NCBI数据库中15个弧菌属(Vibrio)菌株的16S rDNA有98%的同源性,可以确定G-5菌株是一株弧菌(Vibrio sp.)。     

SeisModTM波动方程正演模拟软件在圈闭识别中的应用

准噶尔盆地石西凸起侏罗系八道湾组具很大勘探潜力,现有地震资料对低幅度构造背斜圈闭不能进行有效识别.为满足圈闭识别需要,在不同解释方案基础上,利用SeisModTM波动方程正演模拟软件构建3种地质模型,正演模拟出不同地层构造模式下地震响应特征.通过对正演模拟结果对比分析,为背斜圈闭解释方案提供理论依据,对该区侏罗系八道湾...