Utility Efficient Frontier: An Application in the Oil and Gas Industry

Current practice shows that the use of portfolio and utility theory is very low among petroleum companies. This article advocates the use of both portfolio theory and utility theory as decision-making tools to improve performance of oil and gas companies. We introduce a model that can be practically used and applied in the oil and gas industry. This model generates an optimized, efficient portfolio and, at the same time, enables the decision maker to incorporate his risk attitude and policy. This can only be done by combining both the portfolio theory and utility theory through an approach called the utility mean-variance model. A typical oil portfolio optimization problem is investigated by applying both portfolio and utility theories. Through the utility mean-variance model, an efficient frontier that captures decision maker risk attitude is achieved.     

The radio frequency dielectric properties of the stratified UG1–UG2 geological unit in the Bushveld Complex

A new measurement technique enables the complex dielectric properties of the geological strata comprising the UG1–UG2 (Upper Group 1–Upper Group 2) unit of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa to be determined with unprecedented detail at radio frequencies (RF). Results of non-destructive laboratory measurements of representative diamond drill core samples from the UG1–UG2 unit are presented at 25 MHz. These data establish that the UG1 and UG2 chromitite layers are embedded in rock strata (norite, pyroxenite and anorthosite) which are translucent in the HF spectral band, whereas the chromitite layers themselves exhibit significant velocity contrast, making them good radar reflectors. The data presented here is useful for calibration of the radar system, and for predicting the range and resolution performance of borehole radars operating in both the hanging and footwalls of the economically important platiniferous UG2 reef.     

3S技术在黑龙江省防汛指挥系统中的应用

文章简要介绍了黑龙江省防汛指挥系统建设的目标 ,论述了 3S技术是该系统应用的关键技术 ,以及展现了 3S技术在该系统应用的发展趋势。     

基于GIS的地热资源与环境管理信息系统的研制

如何实现地热资源的可持续开发与利用，保证资源与环境协同发展，已经成为一个亟待解决的问题。将GIS与地热工程分析相结合，借助信息技术，建立了地热资源与环境管理信息系统，这一系统的特点就是以长观数据与地热工程分析结果作为数据源，将信息化管理和科学决策结合在一起，实现集信息管理，资源评价与科学决策为一体的信息系统。     

复杂系统模糊模式识别动态规划模型研究

将模糊识别集合算子和非结构决策分析方法引入模糊动态规划中,推导出了两种求解复杂系统多目标多阶段决策问题的方法:级别特征值最小法和阶段模糊识别递推法。这两种方法具有不同的递推方程,可以应用于不同的情况,从而形成了模糊模式识别动态规划模型。此模型可以有效地获取和集成决策者的经验知识和偏好。此模型已应用到实践中,并取得良好效果。     

土壤遥感分类识别推理决策器的设计

介绍了干旱区土壤遥感分类识别推理决策器的设计原理与实现方法。在用TM遥感图像对土壤类型进行非监督分类的基础上，建立了正向推理与逆向推理相结合的推理机制，对土壤类型进行分类识别决策。用知识表示的产生式规则与框架式规则相结合的数据结构表示土壤学专家的土壤分类识别知识。用像结构模式建立了土壤分类识别的规则，构造了土壤分类判决树，并用典型像例模式进行了各类型土壤判据文件的组织。用该方法对新疆天山北麓阜康试验区的土壤分类识别进行了试验研究。结果表明，该方法分类精度可靠，为干旱区土壤分类识别开辟了一条新的途径。     

Deriving rules from activity diary data: A learning algorithm and results of computer experiments

 Activity-based models consider travel as a derived demand from the activities households need to conduct in space and time. Over the last 15 years, computational or rule-based models of activity scheduling have gained increasing interest in time-geography and transportation research. This paper argues that a lack of techniques for deriving rules from empirical data hinders the further development of rule-based systems in this area. To overcome this problem, this paper develops and tests an algorithm for inductively deriving rules from activity-diary data. The decision table formalism is used to exhaustively represent the theoretically possible decision rules that individuals may use in sequencing a given set of activities. Actual activity patterns of individuals are supplied to the system as examples. In an incremental learning process, the system progressively improves on the selection of rules used for reproducing the examples. Computer experiments based on simulated data are performed to fine-tune rule selection and rule value update functions. The results suggest that the system is effective and fairly robust for parameter settings. It is concluded, therefore, that the proposed approach opens up possibilities to derive empirically tested rule-based models of activity scheduling. Follow-up research will be concerned with testing the system on empirical data. Received: 31 January 2001 / Accepted: 13 September 2001     

阜平杂岩年龄及其地质意义：兼论前寒武高级变质地体的定年问题

本文通过对比锆石TIMS（热电离质谱法），SHRIMP（高灵敏度离子探针）及ICPMS－LP（等离子体质谱－激光探针）分析方法对阜平杂岩中主要岩石获得的年龄结果，讨论了阜平杂岩中几种主要岩石的形成时代及其地质意义。研究结果表明阜平杂岩是由不同时代、不同成因的各种高级变质岩组成，其主体是2．51Ga的TTG片麻岩并包裹了少量2．7Ga的大陆残片。同时阜平地区还发育一期2．05Ga的岩浆活动。阜平杂岩中的湾子表壳岩可能沉积发育于2．5Ga和2．1Ga之间。本文还通过比较三种锆石同位素定年方法的特点，进而讨论了几种方法在高级变质地体定年上的可行性，特别强调了锆石内部结构、化学组成等成因矿物学方面的研究对锆石年代学的主要意义。     

Jewish settlement of Hebron: The place and the other1

Kiryat-Arba and Jewish Hebron are communities planted in the most heated front of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This paper examines how the Hebron Jewish settlers' collective memory interprets the `truth' of Hebron as a typical Israeli Place that reveals Zionism in its purest form. Today the populations of Kiryat-Arba and of the Hebron Jewish enclaves number about 5,000 and 500, respectively. Kiryat-Arba functions as an economic and educational centre for the nearby Jewish settlements in the region. Rejecting the segregative concept of a separate Jewish settlement overlooking Hebron, the settlers treat Kiryat-Arba as part of Hebron. Some 70,000 Palestinians live in Hebron, many more residing in neighbouring towns and villages, cutting Hebron – Kiryat–Arba off from the nearest Jewish urban centres of Jerusalem and Beer-Sheva. The settlers initiated the narrative of `Return' to the city after the massacre of Jews in 1929 in the city, as the key symbol Symbolically, the first place Hebron Jews reidentified with was its ancient Jewish graveyard. Today, IDF soldiers protect settlers and their visitors who want to tour Hebron. The huge gulf between `metaphorical Hebron' as a symbolic centre and `actual Hebron' as a poor development town creates tensions fuelling violent events. The Jews in Hebron take the Israeli logic of `Place' making to its extreme, thus testing concepts of Israeli territoriality. If Israeli society rejects Hebron as a `Place' constructed from intense memories and violent national encounters, it would leave the Hebron Jews out of the so-called Israeli normalcy.     

一种气候预测综合决策的方法——递归正权综合决策法

根据气候预测的特点，提供了以误差平方和为风险函数，以正权综合为模式的多途径气候预测决策方案。不仅从理论上论证了几种正权方法的优性，还提供了递归技巧，进一步提高了正权综合的预测精度。对1997年汛期降水预测所做的综合决策表明，该方法具有较好的综合决策能力。