Perihelion motion of small irregular dust particles due to radiation forces

Perihelion motion, i.e. a secular change of longitude of perihelion, of interplanetary dust particles is investigated under the action of solar gravity and solar electromagnetic radiation. As for spherical particle [Kla?ka, J., 2004. Electromagnetic radiation and motion of a particle. Cel. Mech. Dynam. Astron. 89, 1-61]: (i) perihelion motion is of the order ( is heliocentric velocity of the meteoroid and c is the speed of light in vacuum), if a component of electromagnetic radiation acceleration is considered as a part of central acceleration; (ii) perihelion motion is of the first order in if the total electromagnetic radiation force is considered as a disturbing force. The new facts presented in this paper concern irregular dust particles. Detailed numerical calculations were performed for the grains ejected at aphelion of comet Encke. Perihelion motion for irregular interplanetary dust particles exists already in the first order in for both cases of central accelerations. Moreover, perihelion motion of irregular particles exhibits both positive and negative directions during the particle orbital motion. Irregularity of the grains causes not only perihelion motion, but also dispersion of the dust in various directions, also normal to the orbital plane of the parent body.     

Equilibrium trading of climate and weather risk and numerical simulation in a Markovian framework

We consider financial markets with agents exposed to external sources of risk caused, for example, by short-term climate events such as the South Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies widely known by the name El Nino. Since such risks cannot be hedged through investments on the capital market alone, we face a typical example of an incomplete financial market. In order to make this risk tradable, we use a financial market model in which an additional insurance asset provides another possibility of investment besides the usual capital market. Given one of the many possible market prices of risk, each agent can maximize his individual exponential utility from his income obtained from trading in the capital market, the additional security, and his risk-exposure function. Under the equilibrium market-clearing condition for the insurance security the market price of risk is uniquely determined by a backward stochastic differential equation. We translate these stochastic equations via the Feynman–Kac formalism into semi-linear parabolic partial differential equations. Numerical schemes are available by which these semilinear pde can be simulated. We choose two simple qualitatively interesting models to describe sea surface temperature, and with an ENSO risk exposed fisher and farmer and a climate risk neutral bank three model agents with simple risk exposure functions. By simulating the expected appreciation price of risk trading, the optimal utility of the agents as a function of temperature, and their optimal investment into the risk trading security we obtain first insight into the dynamics of such a market in simple situations.

苏南运河镇江段航道3维可视化技术及其应用研究

航道3维可视化对全面掌握运河河底地形地貌,保障运河水上交通安全具有重要意义。本文以3维可视化苏南运河镇江段航道为例,阐述如何在实现航道周边场景3维渲染的基础上,利用航道数字测深数据,创建基于格网的数字水深模型,进而生成河底数字高程模型的过程,并对航道3维可视化技术的实际应用进行了探讨。     

无居民海岛功能定位初探

根据无居民海岛的自然属性和社会属性,考虑到海岛环境的特殊性、资源承载的有限性、空间开发功能的衍生性,以及与国家主体功能区规划和全国海洋功能区划的衔接性,从海岛开发适宜性和海岛可持续保护的角度,研究无居民海岛功能分类方法,构建海岛功能分类评价指标体系,确定海岛功能分类的适宜性评价因子及评价标准,并引入综合评判理论,量化指标因子,构建综合评判模型,在此模型的基础上,借助GIS技术实现无居民海岛功能定位。     

Photoshop软件在处理遥感影像中的一些应用

影像处理专业软件Photoshop在遥感影像处理中应用越来越广泛,本文主要通过Photoshop软件对遥感影像的批处理、色彩处理以及引进插件扩展技术,阐述Photoshop软件在遥感影像处理中的应用。     

陕西省应急快速制图地理信息系统研究

在各类应急事件中,快速的提供应急图件是应急测绘保障的内容之一。本文在得出目前技术条件和数据条件已经成熟的基础上,通过对应急快速制图流程的分析和整理,综合考虑用户对应急响应时间的需求,确立了不同时间要求的出图流程、系统体系结构、系统技术路线、系统功能设计。文章所研究的陕西省应急快速制图地理信息系统加快了应急响应的速度,提高了工作效率,满足了应急工作需要,具有很大的应用前景和推广价值。     

ADS 80数码航摄系统应用及精度探讨

以项目部分区域为实例,通过项目工作流程及分阶段作业细节、进度状况、精度指标等的统计,阐述了使用ADS 80数码航摄系统,用少量像控点就可进行加密和测图,大大减少了外业控制测量工作及成本,成果满足大比例地形图精度要求,并能快速提高生产进度,缩短成图周期。     

2000年以来浙江省海洋产业结构演化特征与态势

浙江省是海洋经济大省,但并非强省,近10年来浙江海洋经济一直位居全国第4或第5位。海洋经济发展,深受其产业结构及布局影响。以浙江海洋产业结构演化特征为研究内容,运用2001～2010年海洋经济统计数据,采用数理统计分析与演化经济地理学方法探讨浙江海洋产业结构演化的路径依赖、创造与锁定等的具体表现。研究表明:(1)浙江海洋产业部门立足资源与区位优势趋向于多样化、产业结构渐趋合理化,但海洋产业科技含量较低、新兴海洋产业发展缓慢;(2)浙江海洋渔业、海洋交通运输业、滨海旅游业、海洋船舶工业、海洋盐业的演化过程呈现鲜明的资源依赖性和历史路径惯性作用,而海水利用业、海洋电力、海洋生物医药产业则是内生技术研发与应用发展的典范;(3)浙江部分海洋产业路径锁定解除模式与窗口选择不合时宜,如海洋交通运输业与海洋盐业等。因此,破解浙江海洋产业结构演化过程路径锁定的最佳模式是以经济社会环境综合改善集聚海洋人才,形成本土研发创新能力,攻克海洋产业核心技术与管理创新。     

Oscillations of rapidly rotating stratified neutron stars

We use time evolutions of the linear perturbation equations to study the oscillations of rapidly rotating neutrons stars. Our models account for the buoyancy due to composition gradients and we study, for the first time, the nature of the resultant g modes in a fast spinning star. We provide detailed comparisons of non-stratified and stratified models. This leads to an improved understanding of the relationship between the inertial modes of a non-stratified star and the g modes of a stratified system. In particular, we demonstrate that each g mode becomes rotation dominated, i.e. approaches a particular inertial mode, as the rotation rate of the star is increased. We also discuss issues relating to the gravitational wave driven instability of the various classes of oscillation modes.     

Late-time photometry of two nearby type II-P supernovae： 2004dj and 2004et

We present late-time photometry for two bright type II-P supernovae （SNe） 2004dj and 2004et, extending over 400 d after the explosion, which are measured with a set of intermediate-band filters that have the advantage of tracing the strength variations of some spectral features. Although these two SNe II-P exhibit similar photometric evolution at earlier times, they diverge during the nebular phase. SN 2004dj shows a slow late-time decline rate with - 0.7 ±0.1 mag （100d）^-1 during the period ranging from t ≈ 200 - 300 d after the explosion, while SN 2004et shows a much faster decline rate at a comparable phase, e.g., 1.3 ± 0.1 mag （100d）^-1. The steeper decay rate seen in SN 2004et is likely due to dust formation in the explosion ejecta. Based on intermediate-band photometry, we derived the evolution of the feature lines [e.g., Hα] of SNe 2004dj and 2004et which are similar in flux at comparable phases but perhaps with significantly different decay rates. The origin of the observed variations in the continuum and the feature lines is briefly discussed.