Introduction to thematic section on hydrodynamic ;tudies of mineralization

1.Introduction Most metallic mineral deposits formed from hydrothermal fluids,and the mineralization processes include both chemical (e.g.,fluid-rock and fluid-fluid interactions)and physical(e.g., fluid flow)aspects.More attention has been paid to the chemical processes than the physical ones,even though the latter is equally important in controlling the formation of mineral deposits and their localization.Nevertheless,a number of studies have been carried out regarding the hydrodynamics of fluid flow associated with ore mineralization(e.g.,Cathles,1981,1997; Garven and Raffensperger,1997;Cathles and Adams,2005; Cox,2005;Ingebritsen et al.,2006),and it is timely to eval-     

太阳大气中环状结构的形状

根据力平衡条件,求得了与静止分层大气中一条孤立细磁通量管形状有关的一个积分,(1-M_a~2)Bcosθ=const.,这里M_a是阿尔芬马赫数,B是磁场强度,θ是管切向与水平方向的夹角,并简单地讨论了这个积分在等温与静平衡条件下的应用.     

太阳黑子发展中的磁扩散不稳定性

根据太阳发电机理论中的ω-效应,在太阳对流层内将产生纬向磁场,它的磁浮力要促使流团上浮。在文[5]中讨论了在流团上浮过程中,流团表面的磁扩散率梯度将对纬向磁场产生扰动,这一扰动使纬向磁场集积在流团表面磁扩散率梯度大的地方,围绕流团表面形成了黑子磁环。 本文进一步从磁流力学方程组的小扰动方程出发探讨了太阳黑子磁环发展的不稳定性问题。结果表明:在扰动方程中存在着不稳定模式。这一不稳定性产生的原因是由于当温度(或者说磁扩散率)受到小扰动时,纬向磁场要集积在磁扩散率(或温度)梯度大的地方,而磁场的集积将导致磁压增强及气压减低。在绝热条件下,这将使温度减低,而温度的减低又加强了温度梯度的增大,这又进一步促使磁场在梯度大的地方集积。这种磁场与温度发展的相互促进关系可以称它为磁扩散不稳定性。本文认为太阳黑子磁环和它低温的形成正是由于这种不稳定性发展起来的。     

Blasius问题临界值β~＊的一个新上界

为了研究流体力学边界层理论中的Blasius问题临界值上界的性质,给出了Blasius问题的等价奇异积分方程,通过研究等价的奇异积分方程的正解来研究Blasius问题临界值β＊的上界.通过选用新的比较函数c（t）和g（β）来研究奇异积分方程在C[β,1]中解的存在性,证明所获得的正解是等价奇异积分方程的解,得到Blasius问题临界值的新上界β＊≤-0.1971,改进了最近的首次估计β＊〈-0.18773.     

太阳大气中的磁流体力学现象

Solar atmosphere is a rotating plasma shell filled by magnetic field. The coupling between the magnetic and the movement of plasma makes a variety of magnetohydrodynamic phenomena in the solar atmosphere. After giving a brief introduction on the basic theoretical regime of solar MHD, we describe mainly the magnetohydrodynamic aspects of solar flares, solar prominences (filaments) and flux tubes with different scales. Some future works are also discussd.     

Mantle plume,large igneous province and continental breakup——Additionally discussing the Cenozoic and Mesozoic mantle plume problems in East China

Based on the former workers study results such as numerical simulation of fluid mechanics,seismic tomography of the whole earth and igneous rocks,the basic characteristics of mantle plumes are summarized in detail,namely the mantle plume,from the D″layer near the core-mantle bouundary(CMB)of 2900 km deep,is characterized by the spape of large head and thin narrow conduit,by the physical property of high temperature and low viscosity.The LIP(large igneous province)is the best exhibition when the mantle plume ascends to the surface.According to the basic characteristics of the mantle plumes and the LIP,as well as the temporal-spatial relationships between the mantle plume and continental breakup,the detailed research on petrology,geochemistry,temporal-spatial distribution,tectonic background of the Cenozoic-Mesozoic igneous rocks and gravity anomaly distribution in East China has been done.As a result,the Mesozoic igneous rocks in Southeast China should not be regarded as an example of typical LIP related to mantle plumes.for their related characteristics are not consitent with those of the typical LIPs related to mantle plumes.The Cenozoic igneous rocks in Northeast China have no the typical characteristics of mantle plumes and hotspots,so the Cenozoic volcanism in Northeast China might have no the direct relationships with the activity of mantle plumes.     

上游参数空间的激波连接

本文分析各类激波特别是中间激波的特性与上游阿尔文数、激波角和气压-磁压比的关系,阐明各类激波在上游参数空间的连接方式.主要结论是:当上游阿尔文波速大于声速时,慢激波和快激波可通过三种基本方式相互连接;当上游阿尔文波速小于声速时,激波连接只限于慢激波和中间激波之间.这些结论有助于进一步探讨混合激波的结构和演化规津.     

贯通式风动潜孔锤反循环钻头结构流场的分析与结构优化

简要介绍了流体力学计算软件，详细阐述了运用该软件分析取心钻头内外流场的原理和步骤，通过仿真分析GQ-89贯通式风动潜孔锤反循环取心钻头周围的流场，优化设计了钻头的反循环结构参数，取得满意效果。     

地幔对流（讲座）

地幔对流（讲座）李荫亭（中国北京１０００８１国家地震局地球物理研究所）引言板块构造学说的出现与发展一直同地幔对流的研究密切联系在一起，地幔对流研究已成为当代地球科学中的一个基础性课题。板块构造学说的驱动力问题是目前地球科学家最为关心的问题之一。国际地...