High Pressure-Differential Thermal Analysis and Ultrasonic Wave Amplitude Analysis of Ice-Water Equilibrium at 1.5-5.0GPa

Water is the most active component in all geological systems.It has an important effect on the physical properties of minerals and melts.It also plays a key role in the evolution of the Earth.Accurate thermodynamics data on water are currently confined to pressures below 1.0GPa and temperatures below 900℃.Presented in this paper are new data available on the P-T properties of water at pressures up to 5.0GPa,develoged from differential thermal analysis and ultrasonic wave amplitude analysis.It has been found that there may exist another ternary point at 3.0GPa and that ultrasonic wave amplitude change of ice-water transition shows two inflection points above 2.0GPa, consistent with the two peaks of differential thermal curves above 2.0GPa .It may be a new phenomenon which needs further study.     

0.25—3.75GPa和20—370℃条件下0.025molNaCl溶液电导率研究

在０．２５－３．７５ＧＰａ和２０－３７０℃条件下测量了ＮａＣｌ溶液的电导率。结果表明（１）电导率随温度增高而增大，且电导率的对数与温度的倒数为线性关系，但不同压力不其斜率不同。（２）电导率与压力的 关系较为复杂，存在着不连续性。即在２．２５－３．３７ＧＰａ压力范围，电导率随压力增大而增大；在１．２５－２．００ＧＰａ压力范围，电导率与压力几乎无关；０．７５ＧＰａ压力的电导率高于相邻力的电导率。上述。     

桂西北夏季高温天气与前期500hPa环流特征的关系

统计1971～2003年桂西北地区7～9月的高温日数情况，并对高温日数偏多年的前期(1～6月)500hPa环流指数进行分析。结果表明：与多高温年关系密切的是前期(1～6月)北半球500hPa极涡中心位置偏西及偏于极地。强度偏强；印缅槽强度偏弱；西太平洋副高面积指数偏小，强度偏弱，脊线、北界位置偏南，西脊点偏东。     

The Activity of Major Faults and the Hydrothermal Alteration Zone at Tianchi Volcano of Changbaishan

It is found by field investigation that the near horizontal top surface of the brown or brick-red hydrothermai alteration zone varies obviously in elevation at different sections of the same layer on the caldera‘s inner wall of Tianchi, with that at the north section near the Tianwen Peak about 110 m higher than that at the south near the Jiangjun Peak in Korea. The top surface of the hydrothermai alteration zone can be taken as key horizon to tectonic movement. The difference indicates that the total uplift height of the NW wall of the Liudaogou-Tianchi-Jingfengshan fault, the principal fault trending NE at Tianchi, is bigger than that of the SE wall ever since the occurrence of hydrothermal alteration. This also explains why the topography in the northwest side of Tianchi is steeper and with more developed river system than in the southeast. The uplifting of the northeastern wall is bigger than that of the southwest along the principal NW-trend fault, namely, the Baishanzhen-Tianchi-Jince fault. It is observed from characters of hydrothermal alteration and the palaeoresiduum, that the recent vertical movement rate along the principal NE-trend fault is larger than that of the principal NW-trend fault. The two faults intersect at Tianchi, dividing the volcano into 4 blocks, with the uplift magnitudes decreasing successively in the order of the north, the west, the east and the south block. The biggest uplift of the north block corresponds well to the shallow magma batch in the north of Tianchi observed by DSS and telluric electromagnetic sounding, and etc. and they may be related with the causes.     

数值预报产品在夏季持续高温预报中的释用

利用 1999～ 2 0 0 2年 6～ 8月 96～ 192h日本数值预报产品 85 0hPa气温与吉林省的日平均气温、阶段性高温及极端最高气温 (长春市 )资料 ,通过线性分析 ,找出了日本数值预报产品的 85 0hPa气温与吉林省地面日平均气温、阶段性高温及极端最高气温的对应关系 :吉林省 6～ 8月日平均气温在 96～ 192h的 85 0hPa日本数值预报长春站日平均值上加 6 6～ 4 1℃ ,6～ 8月的极端最高气温在相应的日本数值预报产品上加 9 3～ 13 0℃。     

山东省夏季高温气候变化特征分析

对比分析山东省夏季1961～1990年和1971～2000年前后30年极端最高气温和高温日数的分布和变化，得知山东省夏季高温的气候变化存在明显的地域性差异，东部地区高温有所增多，西部地区明显减少。利用统计方法分析山东省各地高温多年变化特征，发现夏季高温日数和极端最高气温均存在明显的年代际变化，且东西部变化不尽相同；在60年代末70年代初全省夏季极端最高气温发生了一次转折性变化。     

两月气温冷暖多变局地灾害频繁发生

2004年7～8月新疆主要天气气候特点是：全疆大部地区气温7月高、8月低，南疆7月气温异常偏高。特别是受7月11～17日出现的全疆大范围高温天气影响，7月中旬北疆东部和南疆偏东地区的部分台站旬平均气温偏高幅度突破历史同期极值。降水北疆大部地区两月偏多，     

2003年新疆玉米农业气象条件评述

2003年，气象条件对春玉米生长发育利大于弊。有利方面主要表现在：①苗期及拔节生长前后光热充足，气象条件有利于生长发育，玉米的生长发育速度较快。②农田底墒较好，玉米需水关键期降水较充沛，南疆灌溉用水有保证。③抽雄和开花吐丝期间，大部春玉米区无日最高气温≥35℃的高温天气，     

桂西北夏季高温天气与前期500hPa环流特征的关系

统计1971～2003年桂西北地区7～9月的高温日数情况,并对高温日数偏多年的前期(1～6月)500hPa环流指数进行分析.结果表明与多高温年关系密切的是前期(1～6月)北半球500hPa极涡中心位置偏西及偏于极地,强度偏强;印缅槽强度偏弱;西太平洋副高面积指数偏小,强度偏弱,脊线、北界位置偏南,西脊点偏东.