多向随机波浪的方向谱分析

针对由多点波面资料进行方向谱分析过程中发现的问题，利用数值模拟的方法研究了互谱分析中光滑点数，光滑次数，采样长度，采样间隔，波浪入射方向，波浪的多向性等因素对方向谱分析结果的影响，得出一些有意义的结论。     

复杂多通道带乘性噪声系统的最优固定域平滑算法

研究 1种在更弱的乘性噪声限制条件下系统的状态最优估计算法。在最优滤波算法的基础上 ,进一步给出了在线性最小方差意义下最优的固定域平滑算法。针对该算法所进行的仿真研究已表明该算法的有效性     

带乘性噪声系统在加性噪声相关时的最优固定域平滑及反褶积算法

最优平滑及最优反褶积在石油地震勘探、通讯工程、语音处理等应用领域都具有十分重要的意义。以往的带乘性噪声系统的平滑及反褶积大都对系统模型的噪声特性有着较强的限制条件 ,要求动态噪声及观测噪声互相独立或只能在同时刻相关。该文给出了一种在动态噪声为有色噪声及动态噪声和量测噪声在有限时间段上相关的情形下带乘性噪声系统的固定域平滑及反褶积算法 ,该算法在线性最小方差意义下是最优的。通过仿真计算 ,说明了该算法的有效性。     

半参数模型在平面坐标转换中的应用

坐标转换在测绘领域一直起着至关重要的作用,而模型的选取又直接制约着转换的精度,通常在坐标转换中采用相似变换（Hermert）的方法,在平面坐标转换过程中一般采用4参数模型。然而当系统误差不可忽略时,该模型处理得到的结果并不理想。本文将半参数模型应用到平面坐标转换中,分别采用4参数模型和半参数模型两种方法对实验数据进行了处理,并进行了对比与分析。实验结果表明：在处理带有系统误差的平面坐标数据时,半参数模型比传统的参数模型更加精确。     

基于Vondark模型平滑精密单点定位(PPP)授时钟差解

精密单点定位技术(PPP)获得的用于精密授时的钟差解序列会受到观测噪声和模型误差影响,难以高精度描述原子频标的性能和稳定性。为进一步提高授时结果的可靠性,采用Vondark数据平滑方法对PPP的钟差序列进行平滑。算例结果表明平滑后的授时解精度和短期稳定度均有明显改进,同时还发现不同的钟差序列平滑过后效果不一样,认为适用该方法的情况是数据变化规律未知。     

多面函数法在丘陵区GPS水准拟合中的应用研究

为提高丘陵地区GPS水准拟合精度,建立适合当地测区的拟合模型,采用多面函数法对高程异常进行拟合。通过实例对模型关键问题和拟合精度进行了分析,重点研究光滑因子的选取对核函数的影响,并与二次曲面拟合法相对比,进行了精度分析。     

Remarks on Doppler-aided smoothing of code ranges

Smoothing techniques can be applied in differential Global Positioning Systems (DGPS) in order to reduce the noises of code pseudo-ranges. The existing carrier-aided smoothing techniques suffer from the problem of cycle slips; the smoothing procedure has to be restarted from beginning in the presence of cycle slips, which leads to a sudden decrease of positioning accuracy. On the other hand, the Doppler-aided smoothing technique is immune to cycle slips. The condition for applying the Doppler-aided smoothing technique is studied. Furthermore, the effect of Doppler-aided smoothing is investigated. Numerical examples demonstrate the validity of the study. Received: 20 February 1998 / Accepted: 2 September 1998     

基于知识自适应图像平滑

简要地讨论几种典型的空间域图像平滑方法，提出了一种新的保护图像边沿细节的平滑方法──补偿型中值法，并设计了一个基于知识的自适应平滑处理系统的框架。     

Automatic soil-boundary location from transect data

Spatially distributed soil data possess a short-range erratic variation, an irregular longer range pattern, and maybe multivariate. In order to reveal a pattern or meaning in them, they are usually classified by drawing boundaries. A method is described for determining boundaries automatically on transects. A small portion of a sampled transect is taken and divided about its midpoint, and Mahalanobis' generalized distance, Dor D²,between the two halves calculated from the sample data. The procedure is repeated for portions of the same length at positions one-sampling interval apart along the transect. High peaks on the resultant series of D² identify the boundaries. The length of portions is set equal to, or somewhat less than, the expected average distance between boundaries, and is determined by constructing correlograms of principal components. The lag distance over which fairly steady decay occurs is related closely to the distance between boundaries. The procedure is illustrated with data from a 6-km transect in Oxfordshire and shows good agreement with boundaries drawn by combined air-photo interpretation and field judgment. A means of extending the procedure to two dimensions is suggested.     

观测点的变形过程曲线“三点法”修匀通用计算公式

本文推导了“三点法”修匀通用计算公式．采用该公式便于计算机编程自动处理，计算结果精度比图解法精度高．