中国荒漠类自然保护区保护成效评估指标及其应用

自然保护区的保护成效是近年来一个重要科学问题。中国荒漠类自然保护区面积比例较高,而针对其保护成效问题的研究较少。本文以中国荒漠类自然保护区为研究对象,结合国内外自然保护区保护成效的相关研究,构建了荒漠类自然保护区保护成效评估指标体系,包括5个因素层共计20个评估指标,并在安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区进行了示范应用。结果表明:本研究构建的指标体系能够反映荒漠类自然保护区主要保护对象的动态变化,从而为科学客观评估荒漠类自然保护区保护成效、提升管理水平提供重要参考依据。此外,通过示范评估可以看出,安西保护区在物种及珍稀濒危生物保护方面取得了一定成效,但在珍稀濒危及特有物种和生态系统服务功能等方面的科研监测尚有待加强。     

南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡区域重力场特征及异常分析

南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡及周边区域是南极大陆火山、地震等新构造活动最活跃的地区,与南设得兰海沟、南设得兰群岛一同构成南极大陆边缘现存唯一的"沟-弧-盆"构造体系。本文基于"雪龙"船第28、第30航次实测数据及两个航次的国际共享资料,利用均衡改正数据处理方法获得布兰斯菲尔德海峡的莫霍面深度及其分布规律,分析深部构造-断裂的区域分布及其重力异常特征等。布兰斯菲尔德海峡内的空间重力异常呈条带状分布,走向总体与地形相近,布格重力异常则由两侧向中间升高,大致在坡折处形成异常场值为100×10-5 m/s2的分界线,在中央次海盆和东部次海盆海山处形成两个异常高值圈闭,异常值最高为150×10-5 m/s2。莫霍面深度以弧后扩张中心为最低值,向南设得兰群岛和南极半岛两个方向递增,深度从12 km递增至陆坡位置的24 km。     

城市湿地保护与修复研究进展

城市湿地作为城市中一个特殊的生态系统,具有重要的生态环境和社会服务功能.城市湿地为实现城市可持续发展提供重要的水资源和生态环境保障,合理开发和利用湿地资源是城市可持续发展的重要前提.但是,随着城市化进程加快,城市湿地保护问题日益突出,一些不合理的湿地开发行为导致城市湿地面积减少、污染严重和湿地功能退化,削弱了湿地的生态效益和社会效益,城市湿地的保护与合理利用日益受到国际社会的重视.从城市湿地的功能出发,分析了城市湿地保护与修复中面临的主要问题,综述了国内外城市湿地修复的物理、化学和生物等相关技术研究进展,研究了国内外对于城市湿地保护的一些成功经验,并展望了城市湿地保护与修复研究趋势和方向.最后,结合我国城市湿地保护与修复现状,提出了我国城市湿地保护的对策与建议,为促进城市湿地生态系统的良性循环,推动整体湿地保护更好发展提供借鉴和参考.     

Tectonic implications of the subduction of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge beneath the Kyushu,southwest Japan

The Kyushu-Palau Ridge(KPR), a remnant arc on the Philippine Sea Plate(PSP), is subducting beneath the Kyushu, southwest Japan. Influenced by the subducting KPR, the Kyushu subduction zone corresponding to the KPR is significantly different from Shikoku subduction zone in terms of gravity anomalies, seismicity, the stress state, and the subducting slab morphology. Significant negative free-air and Bouguer gravity anomalies are observed in a prolonged area of KPR, southeast of the Miyazaki Plain, indicating that this is where KPR overlaps the overriding plate. The gravity anomaly in this area is much lower than that in other areas where the inferred KPR extends, suggesting that the subduction of the buoyant KPR may cause the lower mantle density to decrease.More earthquakes have occurred in Hyuga-nada region where the KPR subducts than in Shikoku forearc and other areas in the Kyushu forearc, indicating that the subduction of the KPR enhances the local coupling between the subducting and overriding plates. The centroid moment tensor(CMT) mechanism of earthquakes shows that stress is concentrated in the accumulated crust beneath the Kyushu forearc corresponding to the KPR, and the shallow thrusting events in the obducting plate are caused by the KPR subduction. The buoyant KPR, with a large volume of low-density sediments, was responsible for the differences of the subduction depth and dip angle of the subducting Philippine Sea(PS) slab between northern Kyushu and Shikoku. The seismic gaps and the sudden change of the dipping angle of the subducting PS slab indicate that slab tear may have occurred along the west side of the KPR beneath southwest Kyushu. A two-tear model was proposed, and the subduction of the buoyant KPR was believed to play an important role in the slab tear.     

Marine Engineering Geological Exploration Information System（MEGEIS）：A GIS-based Application to Marine Resources Exploitation

Based on the ArcGIS geographic information system and the ORACLE database management system,this paper reports our studies on the technology of Marine Engineering Geological Exploration Information System(MEGEIS). By analyzing system structure,designing function modules and discussing data management,this paper systematically proposes a framework of technol-ogy to integrate,manage,and analyze the seabed information comprehensively. Then,the technology is applied to the design and development of the Bohai Sea Oilfield Paradigm Area Information System. The system can not only meet the practical demands of marine resources exploration and exploitation in the Bohai Sea oilfield,but also serve as a preparatory work in theory and technology for the realization of the 'Digital Seabed'.     

山东岩盐溶腔储气造腔技术研究展望

山东省岩盐资源丰富,岩盐开采形成的溶腔空间巨大,因岩盐地层具有较好的密封性等特点,溶腔可以用来储气缩能。国内岩盐溶腔储气研究始于2000年前后,而山东省岩盐溶腔储气研究尚处于起步阶段。该文在碳中和战略背景下,总结了国内层状盐层溶腔建库存在的问题,提出山东省岩盐溶腔建设储库所面临的难题和研究的方向,对山东省内岩盐储气库规模化建设与评价具有重要意义。     

武夷地块北东部迪口地区下元岩体和红叶岗岩体锆石La-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

迪口地区的下元岩体和红叶岗岩体位于武夷山地区东、西武夷俯冲碰撞增生杂岩带(450～440 Ma)中。我们对下元岩体中的三个岩石样品进行了锆石La-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得岩体的侵位结晶年龄分别为420±4 Ma、430±4 Ma和434±4 Ma,证明该岩体为加里东岩体,而非早期认为的印支期花岗岩。红叶岗岩体进行La-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得的年龄为398±4 Ma,表明红叶岗岩体为加里东晚期岩体,而非前人认为的燕山期花岗岩。结合武夷山地区最新的研究成果分析,我们认为迪口地区下元岩体和红叶岗岩体可能形成于东、西武夷地块碰撞后拉张裂解环境。迪口地区下元岩体和红叶岗岩体的侵位时代为武夷地块加里东期的构造演化提供了更进一步的时代约束。     

我国无人机航摄系统现状和前景

通过对我国固定翼轻型无人机航摄系统的制造背景、技术现状和系统组成的介绍,阐述了无人机遥感的独特优势,分析了我国无人机航摄系统推广初期存在的一些需要解决的问题;并展望了无人机航摄系统在我国的发展前景。     

Scale model test study on negative skin friction of piles considering the collapsibility of loess

In collapsible loess area, the negative skin friction of pile foundation will cause many engineering problems such as failure of pile strength and reduction of bearing capacity of pile foundation, which will bring great harm to engineering construction. In order to study the change and distribution law of negative friction of pile foundation in collapsible loess area, the scale model test of negative friction of pile considering loess collapsibility was designed and completed. Through finite element numerical simulation, the test results are verified, and the distribution law of negative friction of pile and the number and position of neutral points are obtained. The test results show that under the condition of immersion, the loess has layered settlement, and there are both negative friction and positive friction on the pile surface, and there are two neutral points. Negative friction drags the pile downward, which makes the axial force of the pile increase obviously. The numerical simulation results verify the feasibility and validity of the test results. The research results of this paper have certain guiding significance for pile foundation design in collapsible loess area.

     

Delineation of Integrated Anomaly with Generative Adversarial Networks and Deep Neural Networks in the Zhaojikou Pb-Zn Ore District,Southeast China

Geochemical maps are of great value in mineral exploration. Integrated geochemical anomaly maps provide comprehensive information about mapping assemblages of element concentrations to possible types of mineralization/ore, but vary depending on expert’s knowledge and experience. This paper aims to test the capability of deep neural networks to delineate integrated anomaly based on a case study of the Zhaojikou Pb-Zn deposit, Southeast China. Three hundred fifty two samples were collected, and ea...