顾及建设用地聚集与排斥性的城市扩张模拟：以义乌市为例

建设用地在空间上存在相互聚集或排斥的特性,并可能影响到城市扩张格局。本文在厘清建设用地内部以及不同类型建设用地之间聚集与排斥性的基础上,将其纳入到元胞自动机（CA）模型的发展适宜性与邻域影响因子计算中,以此构建顾及建设用地聚集与排斥性的CA-SAE模型,并将其应用于义乌城市扩张模拟的实证分析。结果表明：CA-SAE模型能够有效模拟不同类型建设用地的扩张状况,且模拟精度要优于传统CA模型。同时,多情景的模拟结果也证实了建设用地聚集与排斥性会影响到不同类型建设用地的空间分布及城市扩张形态。本文构建的CA-SAE模型创新性地将建设用地聚集与排斥性纳入到CA模型中,为开展面向不同类型建设用地的城市扩张模拟提供了思路与方法。     

Development and experiments of the Sea-Wing underwater glider

Underwater gliders,which glide through water columns by use of a pair of wings,are efficient long-distance,long-duration marine environment observatory platforms.The Sea-Wing underwater glider,developed by the Shenyang Institute of Automation,CAS,is designed for the application of deep-sea environment variables observation.The system components,the mechanical design,and the control system design of the Sea-Wing underwater glider are described in this paper.The pitch and roll adjusting models are derived based on the mechanical design,and the adjusting capabilities for the pitch and roll are analyzed according to the models.Field experiments have been carried out for validating the gliding motion and the ability of measuring ocean environment variables.Experimental results of the motion performances of the glider are presented.     

强沙尘暴发展与干飑线—黑风暴形成的一个机理分析

该文分析了１９９３年５月５日黑风暴的发展过程和景观以及天气形势，研究了干飑线和强冷锋前干飑线发展同黑风暴爆发的关系。分析结果指出：由于强冷锋过境时冷锋前干飑线移至被强烈太阳辐射加热的地表以及条件不稳定大气层结结构，干飑线进一步发展至使黑风暴爆。黑风暴的沙墙是类似于飑线阵风锋面的干飑线阵风锋面的干飑线沙暴锋面。它是阵风锋面前沿反向上升气流卷起干燥地表尘沙面形成的。     

基于MRF与引导滤波的声纳图像去噪方法

声纳具有对大范围水下场景探测的能力,一直以来都是水下设备感知外界环境的重要手段,但由于声纳图像分辨率低,海洋环境噪声干扰较为复杂,所以在诸多方面的应用都受到了限制。文中提出了一种基于马尔可夫随机场和引导滤波的声纳图像去噪与增强方法,使用马尔可夫随机场对声纳图像进行预分割,然后采用中值滤波方法对原始图像进行简单滤波处理,最后将该图像作为引导图像对马尔可夫随机场(Markov Random Field,MRF)分割后的图像进行引导滤波实现了对声纳图像的去噪与增强。该方法有效地去除了背景和影子内的噪声,对目标区域内部噪声起到了很好的抑制作用,消除了MRF分割产生的伪轮廓效应,具有较好的边界保持和增强效果。     

A Geometrically Exact Formulation for Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of the Umbilical Cable in A Deep-Sea ROV System

This paper proposes a geometrically exact formulation for three-dimensional static and dynamic analyses of the umbilical cable in a deep-sea remotely operated vehicle (ROV) system. The presented formulation takes account of the geometric nonlinearities of large displacement, effects of axial load and bending stiffness for modeling of slack cables. The resulting nonlinear second-order governing equations are discretized spatially by the finite element method and solved temporally by the generalized- implicit time integration algorithm, which is adapted to the case of varying coefficient matrices. The ability to consider three-dimensional union action of ocean current and ship heave motion upon the umbilical cable is the key feature of this analysis. The presented formulation is firstly validated, and then three numerical examples for the umbilical cable in a deep-sea ROV system are demonstrated and discussed, including the steady configurations only under the action of depth-dependent ocean current, the dynamic responses in the case of the only ship heave motion, and in the case of the combined action of the ship heave motion and ocean current.     

中国新农村建设:长风破浪会有时

52号文件的出台,应该说是顺应了历史和时代潮流.尤其是进入新世纪后,随着党中央、国务院社会主义新农村建设的提出,有关农村集体土地直接入市的话题成了政府、学界,特别是广大农民兄弟高度关注的热点、焦点.     

中国北方某湖泊底泥污染分析及重金属潜在生态风险评价

以中国北方某湖泊(以下称A湖)为例,开展了底泥中氮磷污染及重金属生态风险评价研究,探讨多种评价方法的相关性,并分析底泥中氮磷元素向上覆水迁移造成水体富营养化的风险.选取A湖中心区域的10个底泥监测点位数据,对其总氮、总磷及重金属(Pb、Cr、As、Cd、Ni)含量进行分析,并采用有机污染指数法评价总氮污染,单因子指数法...     

混凝土垫层对围护墙支撑效应的监测分析

控制基坑变形是保证基坑及周边环境安全的关键,而底板施工期间墙体变形的控制更是关注的重点。结合上海轨道交通某在建地铁车站基坑开挖时的变形监测数据及跟踪工况,对素混凝土垫层的支撑约束作用进行了监测分析。坑底暴露时间对底板施工阶段内的基坑变形有着显著影响,基坑暴露时间的长短是控制底板施工期间围护墙变形的关键。素混凝土垫层对围护墙体变形具有一定的支撑效应,在一定程度上能起到类似结构底板的作用。施工中应尽快完成混凝土垫层的浇筑工作,尽早发挥垫层对围护墙体的支撑作用。垫层对墙体的支撑效果与其自身的平直度等因素有很大关系,破坏垫层的整体性,则会削弱其对围护墙体的支撑作用。提出对坑底施工阶段基坑变形的控制措施,缩短底板施工阶段的暴露时间,提高垫层的整体性,加快底板施工,尽早形成底板混凝土对围护墙体的支撑作用,从而控制开挖阶段的基坑变形,对其他深基坑工程具有一定的参考价值。     

山东海阳核电站环境辐射本底航空测量调查

通过在海阳核电站周围地区环境辐射本底的航空测量调查,查明了海阳核电站周围地区环境辐射本底水平,天然放射性核素40 K、238 U(226 Ra)、232 Th活度浓度的分布;环境辐射水平显现"中部及西北与东北局部地区偏高、西南与北部地区中低水平"的特点。137 Cs和60 Co面活度均低于探测限,未发现有可分辨的其它人工放射性核素分布,亦未发现失控的放射源,发现了2个航测辐射偏高点(区),均为地质环境中天然放射性核素偏高引起。     

A Geometrically Exact Formulation for Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of the Umbilical Cable in A Deep-Sea ROV System

This paper proposes a geometrically exact formulation for three-dimensional static and dynamic analyses of the umbilical cable in a deep-sea remotely operated vehicle(ROV) system. The presented formulation takes account of the geometric nonlinearities of large displacement, effects of axial load and bending stiffness for modeling of slack cables. The resulting nonlinear second-order governing equations are discretized spatially by the finite element method and solved temporally by the generalized-a implicit time integration algorithm, which is adapted to the case of varying coefficient matrices. The ability to consider three-dimensional union action of ocean current and ship heave motion upon the umbilical cable is the key feature of this analysis. The presented formulation is firstly validated, and then three numerical examples for the umbilical cable in a deep-sea ROV system are demonstrated and discussed, including the steady configurations only under the action of depth-dependent ocean current, the dynamic responses in the case of the only ship heave motion, and in the case of the combined action of the ship heave motion and ocean current.