Biogenic silica in surficial sediments of Prydz Bay,Antarctica

The content and distribution of biogenic silica were investigated in sediment cores from Prydz Bay, Antarctica, during the CHINARE-18/2L cruise. The results show that the content of biogenic silica（ BSiO2 ） is ranged from 4.89% to 85. 41% , and the average content of biogenic silica is 30.90%, the highest value oc- curred at the IV-10 station. The profile of BSiO2 in sediment is contrast to that of sili- cate in the interstitial water. The content of biogenic silica and organic carbon in the surface sediments in the central area of Prydz Bay gyre were much higher than those in other area, and closely related to the Chla content and primary productivity of phyto- plankton in the surface water column.     

南极普里兹湾沉积物中的糖类分布及意义

利用中国第18和21次南极考察获取的南极普里兹湾沉积物样品,分析了其中的有机碳和糖类物质的含量及组成,结果表明糖类和有机碳的分布受上层水体的初级生产、地形条件和水体垂直稳定度等多种因素的控制。表层沉积物中糖类物质的平均含量为3.03 mg/g,最高值为5.60mg/g,出现在湾内的毗邻陆架区。沉积物有机碳含量与表层海水叶绿素a具有良好的相关性,能够反映上层水体初级生产的变化。单糖组分的研究可以判定其生源母质,沉积物中有机质的来源主要是海洋上层生物。糖类是易被降解利用的有机质,通过糖类物质中六碳糖的比重及其垂直分布的变化可以判断出不同站位沉积速率的相对快慢。     

太平洋东部ES0103柱状样品中可溶有机质的组成变化及其早期成岩作用

利用2001年采自太平洋东部ES0103站位的多管沉积物柱状样品,采用GC/MS对沉积物中的可溶有机质(氯仿沥青"A")及其族组成(饱和烃、芳烃、非烃和沥青质)、正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烃和萜类化合物进行了定量分析,结果表明:(1)氯仿沥青"A"中的非烃较饱和烃和芳烃的含量高,反映出该海区沉积物中有机质的演化程度较低.(2)正构烷烃的碳分子数范围多为nC14～nC34,CPI值略显奇偶优势,轻重烃比值(nC23-/nC24 )较低;类异戊二烯烃的Pr/Ph值较低,显示出该海区沉积物中的烃类是在较强的还原环境下形成的低成熟烃类,其母质来源主要为大型低等水生生物.(3)总有机碳与显晶蜡产率、氯仿沥青"A"均呈明显正相关关系,表明有机质相对富集层位所处的沉积环境也有利于高蜡烃的形成,成烃演化与成岩作用阶段有较好的对应关系.而萜类化合物的Ts/Tm值在表层和深部差别不大,显示出典型的低成熟烃类的特征.由此可见, ES0103柱状样品所处海区的沉积物为在较强还原环境中形成的,其有机质演化程度较低,为早期成岩作用阶段的产物.     

南海表层沉积物与沉降颗粒物中有机碳的δ13C对比研究及其古环境再造意义

对南海表层沉积物与沉降颗粒物有机碳的δ13C进行了对比研究,从古环境再造方面探讨了陆源和海源对南海表层沉积物的贡献。南海表层沉积物有机碳的δ13C比沉降颗粒物中有机碳的δ13C偏重表明,Suess效应对南海现代过程的影响不可忽视,两者的δ13C差值反映了Suess效应对南海现代过程的影响程度。利用两者的δ13C差值,对现代陆源和海源有机碳的δ13C进行修正后,计算得到,在南海陆架周围表层沉积物的有机碳中,陆源的比例为48%,海源的比例为52%;在远离陆架的表层沉积物的有机碳中,陆源的比例为14%,海源的比例为86%。     

The biogeochemistry of carbon cycle in summer of the Prydz Bay, Antarctic Ⅰ:Characteristics of DOC distribution

1　IntroductionAtthepresenttime ,thereiseveryindicationthattheearthbecomingwarmerandwarmer (Liuetal.1 995) ,asoneofthewarmhousegases,CO2 playanimportantroleinthechangingofthetemperatureandenvironmentoftheglobe .TheexchangingofCO2betweentheatmosphereandocean ,maketheoceanbeingthelargepoolofcarbon ,andthechangingofcarboncycleintheoceanwouldbringdistincteffectontheatmosphere .TheSouthernOceanisthewaterbodythathastheenormousenergyandexchangessub stancewithotheroceansintheglobe ,anditsecosystem …     

前言

长江口地处我国经济社会高度发达的东部沿海,与世界其它河口发达地区一样,长江口及邻近海域的生态与环境面临巨大压力和挑战。同时,大河输入、黑潮和东亚季风的相互作用,构成了长江口及邻近海域独特的区域海洋环境,是地球上研究自然变化和人类活动对近海环境演变     

2008年夏季白令海营养盐的分布及其结构状况

中国第3次北极考察对白令海营养盐的分布及结构状况进行了观测分析,结果表明,白令海营养盐分布和结构状况区域性特征明显。海盆区表层DIN、磷酸盐和硅酸盐平均浓度分别为9.73,0.94,11.06 μmol/dm3;陆架区表层DIN,磷酸盐和硅酸盐平均浓度分别为0.60, 0.43, 3.74 μmol/dm3。营养盐高值主要出现在白令海西南部的海盆区和海峡口西南侧水域,低值出现于陆架边缘的陆坡区和陆架东部水域。白令海盆区真光层DIN,磷酸盐、硅酸盐浓度普遍较高,叶绿素浓度则较低,具有典型的高营养盐、低叶绿素(HNLC)特征。海盆区生物作用不是营养盐空间分布的主要调控因子,而陆架区营养盐的分布变化不仅受控于物理海洋输运过程的变化,同时也受夏季浮游生物生长、营养盐吸收消耗所影响。陆架和陆坡区表层海水N/P,Si/P比值平均分别为1.8, 9.9和3.2, 2.2,呈明显的低N/P,Si/P比值结构特征,陆坡区缺硅明显,陆架区缺氮显著。在白令海水域磷酸盐浓度普遍较高,它不可能成为浮游植物光合作用限制因子。受硅限制水域主要限于陆坡区硅藻大量繁殖时期,属偶然性限制,在白令海陆架区绝大部分水域主要表现为氮限制。     

The biogeochemistry of carbon cycle in summer of the Prydz Bay, Antarctic I ： Characteristics of DOC distribution

The distributions and changes of dissolved organic carbon in the Prydz Bay and out open sea were investigated during CHINARE-15 ( the 15th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition). The results showed that the content of DOC was higher in the Prydz Bay and outer open sea compared to those typical of surface oceanic levels (70-80μM), average content of DOC in the surface water was 102.32 μM,the range was 68.23-125.92 μM. The vertical distribution of DOC in the water column was similar to many ocean sites, that is to say, the content of upper water is higher than deep water, a subsurface maximum persisted between 25-50 m. The DOC pool in the Prydz Bay were consisted with labile, semi-labile and refractory pools, in which refractory pools was mainly part. The concentration of refractory DOC was 92.34 and 76.89 μM in Prydz Bay and outer open sea, and account 77% and 82% for total DOC, respectively.