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广东沿海区域可持续发展中的地质灾害防治 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
广东沿海陆地表层地质灾害时空分布不均匀,近年来引起地质灾害加剧的主要因素之一是人类活动。人类对边坡和植被的改造是在沿海地区现有的地质环境背景下地质灾害多发的主要动力源。文中提出了广东省防灾减灾的8项建议,这将对本省率先实现现代化和实施区域可持续发展具有促进作用。 相似文献
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青藏高原晚新生代以来地球化学演化与古气候变迁刍议余素华,文启忠(中国科学院广州地球化学研究所.广州510640)关键词古气候,地球化学演化,晚新生代以来,青藏高原晚新生代以来,在更新世初期,随着青藏高原的强烈上升,改变了大气环流形式,季风开始占主导优... 相似文献
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1.地质与采样新疆北部的黄土主要分布于天山北麓、准噶尔界山西麓、伊犁盆地、塔城盆地和博尔塔拉谷地等。分布高度在950—2400m,厚度在20—30m,最厚可达50多m。黄土分布走向沿山麓呈北西西—南东东方向。黄土地层包括:全新世黄土、晚更新世马兰黄土和中更新世晚期的离石黄土。沿天山北坡采集了紫泥泉、沙湾县鹿角湾、牛圈子、宁家河四个地点的黄土样品 相似文献
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陕西洛川黄土剖面中的稀土元素 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The ∑REE in Ioesses of different ages in the Luochuan section shows a narrow range of variation, indicating the homogeneity of materials in chemical composition. The REE in loess are concentrated mainly in silt.sized detrital minerals. Loesses of different ages and paleosols all are relatively enriched in rare-earth elements of the Ce family, and show similar REE distribution patterns. The fractinnatlon among various REEs in the loess is different from that in morainic, marine and lacustrine sediments,but is similar to that in sand samples from deserts in Northwest China. The ratios of Ce/Ce^* and Eu/Eu^* reflect that the provenance of loessic materials and their accumulating area are all in an oxidation environment with weakly basic mediums under arid or sub-arid climate. 相似文献
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根据大量野外剖面测量和多种测年技术(包括全溶样品铀系等时线测年法、氩-氩法、热释光法和磁性地层法),初步确定了华南沿海雷州半岛第四纪多旋回火山岩-红土系列的层位、地层关系和主要层位的年龄,将火山岩-红土系列划分为7个组,其年代跨度分别为0~0.31MaB.P、031~0.48MaB.P.、0.48~0.85MaB.P.、0.85~1.25MaB.P.、1.25~1.65MaB.P.、1.65~2.05MaB.P和2.05~2.50MaB.P..这里存在着57000a.0.1Ma、0.4Ma和0.8Ma等不同时间尺度的喷发周期,这反映了华南沿海红土所记录的古环境演化的多旋回性与黄土-古土壤系列、冰碛系列以及河-湖相系列所记录的全球变化的多旋回性有着某种程度的相似性,红土的发育和演化很可能也受控于气候-构造耦合系统,并服从于气候-构造旋回的规律. 相似文献
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从渭南剖面有机质类型的差异探讨黄土地区湿度的演变趋势 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对陕西渭南12.6m黄土剖面做了235个样品有机碳(TOC)、有机硫(TOS)及岩石有机质快速评价仪(Rock-eval)热解分析。TOC的含量在黄土层(L1和L2的顶部)为0.04%-0.45%,古土壤层(S0和S1)为0.05%-0.64%,它随深度呈周期性变化,在古土壤层中含量较高,特别是在古土壤层向黄土层转变的界面上明显增高。黄土中的干酪根最高热解峰温度(Tmax)主要分布在525℃、古土壤的主要在475℃。引入大气物理学中测量湿度的比湿概念,根据模拟实验结果,将干酪根不同湿度的热解烃。划分为与下降水有关的以低等生物为主的热解烃(pHC2-1)、以高等生物为主的热解烃(pHC2-2)和与蒸发作用有关的次生碳酸盐包裹烃(pHC2-1),提出计算黄土地区第四纪古湿度公式Q9=(pHC2-1 pHC2-2)/pHC2-1 pHC2-2 pHC2-3)。经计算该剖面由下而上湿度分别为L2<60%,S1为55%-75%,L1为45%-63%,S0为55%-72%,以及现今尚处于较湿周期的总趋势。 相似文献
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黄土中稀土元素的初步探讨 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
REE oxides in loess are estimated to amount to about 200 ppm. The REE distribution patterns in loess and its clay fraction are characterized by the enrichment of rare earth elements of Ce family. The REE distribution patterns of loess in the middle Huanghe (Yellow River) Valley are consistent with those of sands from the Tengeli desert, probably indicating the consistency of their material sources. The REE distribution patterns are similar to each other in the elay fractions of Malan loess everywhere in the middle Huanghe Valley, indicating the homogeneity in their composition. Close to the average value of the earth‘s crust, the REE distribution patterns in loees and its clay fraction are similar to that of sedimentary rocks (e.g., North American shales), but different from that of chrondrites. It seems to show that large amounts of loessic material were transported from the provenance by moving water into sedimentarysy stems after it had been separated from its precursor, and then transported by wind to where it is now distributed. 相似文献