白令海大型底栖动物群落结构及其空间分布格局

Due to its unique geological location, the Bering Sea is an ideal place to investigate the water exchange and ecosystem connectivity of the Pacific Ocean–Arctic Ocean and subarctic–Arctic region. Based on a number of summer surveys(July to September, 2010, 2012 and 2014), macrobenthic communities and their spatial-temporal patterns are exhibited for the majority of the Bering Sea(53°59′–64°36′N). The results show that the macrobenthic communities were dominated by northern cold-water species and immigrant eurythermic species, and the communities assumed a dispersed and patchy distribution pattern. Polychaetes(Scoloplos armiger), crustaceans(Ceradocus capensis) and sea urchins(Echinarachnius parma) were the main dominant groups in the shallow shelves; the sea star(Ctenodiscus crispatus) and the brittle star(Ophiura sarsii) were the main dominant groups in the continental slope; whereas small polychaetes(Prionospio malmgreni) dominated the basin area. Sediment type, water depth, and currents were the major factors affecting the structure and spatial distribution of the macrobenthic communities. Compared with other seas, the shallow areas of the Bering Sea showed an extremely high-standing biomass. In particular, the northern shelf area(north of St. Lawrence Islands and west of 170°W),which is primarily controlled by Anadyr Water, is an undersea oasis. In contrast, a deficiency in the downward transport of particulate organic carbon has resulted in a desert-like seabed in the basin area. By comparing our results to previous studies, we found that macrobenthic communities of the Bering Sea have undergone significant structural changes in recent decades, resulting in a decrease in abundance and an increase in biomass.In addition, populations of amphipods and bivalves in the northern shelves have decreased significantly and have been gradually replaced by other species. These changes might be associated with advanced seasonal ice melting,changes in organic carbon input, and global warming, indicating that large-scale ecosystem changes have been occurring in the Bering Sea.     

基于测井曲线频谱分析柴达木盆地西部七个泉地区上、下油砂山组米兰科维奇旋回特征

七个泉地区位于柴达木盆地西北缘，由于毗邻阿尔金断裂带等原因，地层较为复杂，高精度的沉积旋回研究较薄弱且鲜有讨论。对柴达木盆地西部七深２井自然伽马测井数据进行了频谱分析及滤波分析，分析结果表明中高频旋回厚度比值与天文轨道周期比值具有良好的对应性，在论证了沉积速率之后，表明柴西七个泉地区上、下油砂山组地层中较好地保存了米兰科维奇旋回。其中上油砂山组短偏心率，轴斜率长周期、短周期，岁 差 长 周 期、短周期所控制的沉积旋回厚度分别为１１．３８，５．９２，５．１０，２．３５，２．１１ｍ；下油砂山组短偏心率，轴斜率长周期、短周期，岁差长周期、短周期所控制的沉积旋回厚度分别为８．１７，４．４５，３．２７，１．８５，１．５１ｍ。      

塔里木盆地乌什地区上震旦统奇格布拉克组地球化学特征及其地质意义*

塔里木盆地寒武系盐下地层资源量巨大,上震旦统奇格布拉克组是该领域风险勘探的重要层系之一,但当前该层系勘探尚未取得重大突破,其中岩相古地理格局及储集层主控因素认识不深是制约勘探突破的重要因素之一。文中以乌什地区昆盖阔坦剖面为研究对象,通过地层精细描述和104块岩石薄片分析,并优选样品开展常微量元素、稀土元素、碳氧锶同位素、白云石有序度及U-Pb同位素年龄测试,分析了奇格布拉克组沉积环境及白云岩成因。结果表明: (1)塔里木盆地乌什地区昆盖阔坦剖面奇格布拉克组厚约141 m,主要发育叠层石、凝块石、泡沫绵层石3种微生物白云岩和鲕粒、粘结颗粒2种与微生物作用相关的颗粒岩,并根据相序组合可以划分为4个段,自下而上构成碳酸盐缓坡背景下的内缓坡潮坪—微生物丘滩沉积序列;(2)地球化学分析表明,奇格布拉克组沉积时期研究区整体处于温暖、干旱气候条件下的近岸浅水环境,海水具有较高盐度、较高水温和氧化—弱氧化特征,海平面先逐渐上升后快速下降;(3)奇格布拉克组白云岩形成于准同生—浅埋藏期,白云石化流体为具有较高盐度的海水。该研究成果不仅可以为塔里木盆地晚震旦世岩相古地理研究提供依据,还可以为储集层主控因素分析提供依据。     

徐州石炭-二叠系中首次发现一种特殊形态的地开石

徐州煤田上二叠统石千峰组地层底部粗粒石英砂岩中,发现了晶体沿a轴方向延伸的假六方板条状粘土矿物。扫描电镜观察到清晰的单体形态轮廓,片体长一般约25μm,最长达40μm,宽约4μm,长宽比为6∶1-10∶1板条状片体面对面叠置成“书册”状集合体,聚集在砂岩孔隙中。薄片光性观察、X射线衍射分析、差热分析和红外光谱分析证实为地开石。这种特殊形度的地开石是从孔隙沉淀中直接沉淀的。缓慢地结晶速度是地开石形态变化的主要原因。     

新疆塔西河流域水利开发现状及投资效益分析

本文在对塔西河流域水利建设、水土开发的调查分析基础上，从不同时期流域水利投资项目、投资结构及农业生产发展等方面对流域水利投资效益进行了分析研究，同时还对流域近期的重点投资建设项目的效益作了分析比较和评估。     

春季逐日最大风速风向预报方法

海阳位于胶东半岛的南部,面临黄海。每年春秋渔汛期间有二千六百余条渔船在海上争帆斗艳,四万余亩虾池分布在本县沿海一带的六处乡镇之中,大风是影响他们生产和工作的主要气象因子。随着专业有偿服务的深入发展,建材、建筑、工矿等三十余家气象服务合同单位也都对陆上大风的预报提出了具体的要求。因此,做好陆上,海上大风的预报是公益和专业服务的重要内容。我们本着客观定量的原则,从传真数值预报产品上做了尝试。     

黑龙江省1986年德都中强地震震源参数

本文应用体波频谱估算地震矩、应力降、震源尺度、破裂传播速度、断层平均位错等震源参数。并讨论现代构造运动、震源机及地震与火山活动关系。     

新疆铜花山钴—多金属矿床地质特征及成因类型探讨

一、矿区地质概况铜花山钴—多金属矿区位于托克逊县库米什东南23公里处。构造上属天山地槽南天山地向斜褶皱带。区内构造复杂,断裂发育,以北西西向压扭性断裂为主,次有北北东或北东东向断裂。矿区出露地层为中泥盆统阿拉塔格组的浅海相碎屑岩。因变质作用的影响,碎屑岩变为千枚岩、绢云母石英片岩和绢云母绿泥石片岩;灰岩变为大理岩成钙质片岩。铜花山超