济南泉域岩溶水水质演变趋势研究

20世纪50年代末期，济南泉域岩溶地下水水质基本处于天然状态。此后，特别是80年代以来，由于社会经济发展的速度逐渐加快，岩溶水开采量不断增加，“三废”排放逐年增加，致使岩溶水水质逐年变差。西郊岩溶水水质变差的主要原因为点状工业污染。市区地处排泄区，受北部岩浆岩岩体阻挡，岩溶水只能以泉或开采的形式排泄；来自补给区的三废排放量的增加造成了部分离子浓度的不断增加。东部面积小，是工业和民用水集中区，地下水水质总体恶化趋势较市区严重，较西部更严重。     

江苏东海毛发状水晶中金红石矿物学、地球化学特征

东海是中国著名的水晶产地,水晶矿床主要产于苏鲁超高压变质带东海境内中,发育于榴辉岩、片麻岩张裂隙中及其接触带中。本文利用背散射图象技术和电子探针定量分析相结合的方法,研究了水晶中的固体包裹体金红石的类型和地球化学特征。结果表明,水晶中金红石主要有4种类型。在背散射图象下,类型2和类型3金红石呈棱角状、不规则状镶嵌于类型1金红石中以及类型3金红石呈不规则状充填于类型2中。类型2金红石表面有较多的裂隙,而类型1、类型3和类型4金红石表面则比较光滑。还没有发现类型4金红石和其它类型金红石之间的明确关系。电子探针分析结果显示,相对其它金红石来说,水晶中的金红石Fe和Nb的含量较高(Fe为2500×10-6-26700×10-6,Nb为782×10-6-6000×10-6);而V和Cr地元素含量则基本相当。在此基础上,本文进一步探讨了水晶中金红石可能的源区。     

胶东招远-平度断裂活动性质及活动时代

胶东地区的招远—平度断裂是一条重要的控矿断裂,经过了多阶段的演化历史。前粉子山期,招平断裂以韧性剪切为主,燕山期招平断裂主要以脆性变形为主,这样形成了韧性变形、脆性变形在同一空间的叠加。招平断裂至少经历了3次以上的活动,相对运动规律是左旋—右旋—左旋,力学性质则呈现出扭性—扭张性—扭性—压扭性的变化。招平断裂构造片岩的     

降雨因子对湖北省山地灾害影响的分析

根据湖北省1950～2003年726个山洪地质灾害样本,分析了其时空分布特征。滑动t-检验显示,逐年灾害数在1974年、1988年前后出现两次显著性突变增多（其中山洪、滑坡增多最明显）,逐年降雨量也相应有两次增加,二者相关系数可达0.3。表明我省年降雨量趋势性增加是灾害增多的主要诱因。进一步分析表明,暴雨以上强降雨是山洪、滑坡、泥石流、塌陷的主要诱因,连阴雨是崩塌的主要诱因,同时对滑坡、泥石流、塌陷有重要影响,对山洪灾害影响则较小。     

A Preliminary Review of Metallogenic Regularity of Gold Deposits in China

Gold is one of the most important mineral resources in China with its rich mineral resources. In recent years,significant progress has been made on the process of gold resource exploration. Some large and giant gold deposits were newly found and some important expansions in the main mining regions were also been completed. Studies on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits in China also have made achievements with a long–term work. This review aims to conclude the achievements of research on gold metallogenic regularity in China. Based on the data of about 2000 gold deposits and other ore(mineralized) occurrences,gold deposits in China were classified into five prediction types: gold deposits genetically related to granite–greenstone formation,gold deposits related to sedimentary formation(including the Carlin type and the metamorphosed clastic rock related vein gold deposit),gold deposits genetically related to volcanic rocks(including the continental and marine types),gold deposits genetically related to intrusions(including the porphyry type and the inner intrusion and contact zone related gold deposit),gold deposits of supergenesis(including fracture zone–altered rock gold deposit,placer gold deposit,gossan type gold deposit and soil type gold deposit). Statistics on precise chronology data of gold deposits indicate that there occurred 5 main periods of gold–mineralization in geological history of China. They were Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic,Meso–Neoproterozoic,Paleozoic,Mesozoic,and Cenozoic. Gold deposits in China mainly formed in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. On the studies of the spatial–temporal distribution characteristics of gold deposits,53 gold–forming belts were delineated in China. The metallogenic regularity of gold deposits was preliminarily summarized and 71 gold metallogenic series were proposed in China. This suggests that it is necceary to deepen the study on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits and to provide the theory guide for the ore–prospecting for gold resources in China.     

青海贵德地区DR1地热井井旁涌水原因分析 及处理工艺应用研究

地热资源属于清洁能源,主要通过地热井方式进行开发利用,成井工艺质量决定地热资源开发利用。贵德盆地DR1地热井由于成井时间较长,出现井旁涌水事故。本文详细分析了井旁涌水原因,采用合理方式成功处理涌水事故。为类似地热工程提供借鉴。     

Geothermal spring causes arsenic contamination in river waters of the southern Tibetan Plateau,China

Large numbers of As-enriched geothermal springs are distributed at the southern Tibetan Plateau, and their influence on river water is still not clear. Lhasa River and its tributary, Duilong Qu located at downstream of the largest geothermal spring of the Tibetan Plateau, were selected for sampling during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. Dissolved trace elements (B, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cs, Ba and U) were measured in river water samples by ICP-MS. The results show that due to contribution of geothermal spring, As levels of Duilong Qu (205.6 μg/L) and Lhasa River (12.7 μg/L) were higher during non-monsoon season than that of WHO guideline for drinking water (10 μg/L). Accordingly, As level of river water was lower during the monsoon season than that of the non-monsoon season due mainly to dilution process. Therefore, although Tibetan rivers are generally considered as free of contamination, geothermal springs cause As contamination of river water at some local regions and may harm the local residents. Further research is needed in other parts of the plateau to determine whether As level of groundwater of the related region is high.     

中国锑矿成矿规律概要

锑是中国的优势矿种之一.本文对中国锑矿床的成矿地质背景、赋矿围岩、控矿构造和成矿时代等进行了综合分析,简要总结了中国锑床的分布特征与成矿规律,同时提出了一些科学问题.中国锑矿床类型多,在时间上主要形成于中生代和新生代,且目前尚未发生有锑矿床形成于显生宙前,在空间上集中分布在西南天山、小兴安岭-张广才岭、昆仑-秦岭、长江中下游、藏北、藏南、西南三江、滇黔桂、江南隆起、湘中-桂中北、南岭、东南沿海等12个成锑带.当前需要从区域尺度来探讨锑矿床的形成机制,加强成矿规律和成矿系列的研究,从而实现锑矿资源的再发现.     

内蒙古赤峰鸡冠山含钼矿杂岩体的地球化学特征

鸡冠山斑岩型钼矿床是西拉木伦钼矿带上最近发现的重要大型钼矿床之一?本文通过对鸡冠山斑岩型钼矿床赋矿岩石的岩相学及地球化学特征研究,确定了这些岩石的岩性主要为花岗斑岩?流纹岩?流纹斑岩?粗面岩?粗面斑岩及辉绿岩,主要属于高钾钙碱性系列及钾玄岩系列,为准铝质-过铝质岩石?样品稀土元素表现为轻稀土富集的配分模式,LREE/HREE 变化于3.94~7.87,(La/Yb)N介于3.59~8.19,除了辉绿岩之外均具有铕(Eu)元素亏损的特点(δEu=0.10~0.68)?微量元素原始地幔标准化图解表现出富集大离子亲石元素亏损高场强元素的特征?根据赋矿围岩的地球化学特征,推测中酸性岩岩浆源区为地壳,岩浆演化过程中可能经历了磷灰石?黑云母和斜长石的分离结晶作用,或分异出富含挥发分的P 元素的热液,揭示该矿床是在燕山运动强挤压期后的伸展环境下形成的,是亚洲东部大陆地壳的“蠕散”和“伸展”的结果?     

大洋洲斐济群岛的成矿地质背景、矿床类型及成矿期划分

斐济群岛具有厚而年轻的硅镁质地壳,其成矿作用与构造演化有着密切的联系。斐济群岛的地层主要由新生代海底碎屑型火山岩及相关沉积岩组成。碳酸盐岩和在中-晚中新世一次重要的构造运动中侵入的辉长岩-英云闪长岩质的深成岩也很发育。斐济群岛的矿床类型包括各种块状硫化物型矿床、斑岩型铜金矿、夕卡岩型铜多金属矿、浅成低温热液型金矿、沉积型锰矿、残积矿床、砂矿床等。斐济群岛的成矿期有4个不同的阶段（时期）,这些阶段（时期）与构造运动紧密相关,反映了纵贯斐济群岛的各种矿化类型的空间和时间分布特征。