枣庄市薛城区治理非法盗采煤炭资源行为的对策

枣庄市薛城区煤炭资源丰富，辖区内含煤面积达180km2，2000年以前4个乡镇曾有矿井70多对，目前正在生产的矿井还有16对，由于废弃矿井多，部分闭坑矿井措施不彻底、不到位，特别是陶枣矿区露头煤距地表埋藏较浅，给违法分子非法盗采留下可乘之机。非法盗采煤炭资源行为既扰乱了正常的矿业秩序，造成资源极大浪费，严重危及周边合法煤矿的安全生产，同时又对社会安全稳定带来了隐患，严厉打击非法盗采煤炭资源行为刻不容缓。     

Denitrification in Qi''ao Island coastal zone, the Zhujiang Estuary in China

Samples of sediments and the overlying water were collected in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone, the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary (ZE). Denitrification rates, sediment oxygen demand (SOD) , and fluxes of inorganic nitrogen compounds were investigated with N2 flux method, using a self-designed continuous flow through and auto-sampling system. The results indicate that the denitrification rates varied between 222 and 908 μmol/(m2·h) with an average of 499 μmol/(m2·h). During incubation, the sediments absorbed dissolved oxygen in the overlying water with SOD ranging from 300 to 2 363 μmol/(m2·h). The denitrification rates were highly correlated with the SOD (r2 =0.77) regardless of the NO3- + NO2- concentrations in the overlying water, organ- ic carbon contents in sediments and water temperature, suggesting that the SOD was probably the main environ-mental factor controlling the denitrification in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone. There was a net flux of NO3- + NO2-into the sediments from the overlying water. The NH4+ flux from sediments into water as the result of mineraliza-tion was between 12. 3 and 210. 3 μmol/(m2·h) ,which seems limited by both organic carbon content in sedi-ment and dissolved oxygen concentration in the overlying water.     

Characterization of marine microplankton communities of Qingdao coastal areas using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）

Microplankton communities of three coastal sites of Qingdao, Shandong Province, China were investigated using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) molecular markers and morphological observations. Eight RAPD-primers were selected to amplify the DNA polymorphy. The genetic distances inferred from the pairwise similari-ties were calculated for the phylogenetic tree construction. Meantime, the traditional microscopic determination, a way of visualizing the species composition, was performed to detect the major taxa of microplanktons from all samples. Results showed that: (1) the band sharing index values were in the range of 0. 504 2-0. 763 2 among samples from the same sampling site at different time scales, while 0.406 5-0.685 7 among the samples from different stations at the same time scales, indicating that spatial variations of microplankton communities were more pronounced than temporal ones; (2) samples from the same station basically clustered together, cor-responding to the geographic distribution of the sampling sites; (3) diversity derived from genetic and morpho-logical data did not correspond with each other well.     

Evaluating the role of climate and tectonics during non-steady incision of the Yellow River: evidence from a 1.24 Ma terrace record near Lanzhou,China

The competing roles of bedrock uplift and climatic change in the formation of fluvial terraces remain uncertain. Most of recent studies have attributed terrace formation to climatic changes and held that, even in tectonically active settings, climate variations control cycles of terrace planation and abandonment. Based on field investigations of loess-paleosol sequences, magnetostratigraphy and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, we develop a new chronology for a spectacular flight of terraces along the Yellow River near Lanzhou, China over past 1.24 Ma. All the terraces are strikingly similar in that they have several meters of paleosol developed directly above fluvial deposits on the terrace treads, suggesting that the abandonment of each terrace due to river incision occurs during the transition from glacial to interglacial climates. However, the ages of terraces cluster in two relatively short time periods (1.24–0.86 Ma and 0.13 Ma – present). During the intervening time between 0.86 Ma and 0.13 Ma, terraces either did not form or were not preserved. We suggest that this record indicates that rock uplift rates varied through time and influenced terrace formation/preservation. Thus, our results demonstrate the utility of deep chronologic records from fluvial terraces for deconvolving the effects of tectonics and climate on fluvial incision.     

Methods Comparison for Microsatellite Marker Development： Different Isolation Methods, Different Yield Efficiency

Microsatellite markers have become one kind of the most important molecular tools used in various researches. A large number of microsatellite markers are required for the whole genome survey in the fields of molecular ecology, quantitative genetics and genomics. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to select several versatile, low-cost, efficient and time- and labor-saving methods to develop a large panel of microsatellite markers. In this study, we used Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) as the target species to compare the efficiency of the five methods derived from three strategies for microsatellite marker development. The results showed that the strategy of constructing small insert genomic DNA library resulted in poor efficiency, while the microsatellite-enriched strategy highly improved the isolation efficiency. Although the mining public database strategy is time- and cost-saving, it is difficult to obtain a large number of microsatellite markers, mainly due to the limited sequence data of non-model species deposited in public databases. Based on the results in this study, we recommend two methods, microsatellite-enriched library construction method and FIASCO-colony hybridization method, for large-scale microsatellite marker development. Both methods were derived from the mi-crosatellite-enriched strategy. The experimental results obtained from Zhikong scallop also provide the reference for microsatellite marker development in other species with large genomes.     

平阴县土壤中重金属元素异常成因研究

通过对平阴县周边及其西部农田区采样调查，平阴县周边元素异常具有异常衬度较高，富集系数大等特征，西部农田区异常具有各元素套合关系好，多数异常衬度不高，富集系数小的特点。结果表明，西部农田区异常是以As，Cd为主要成分的异常，元素含量与SiO2，Al2O3，Fe2O3等常量组分间具有显著的相关性，随SiO2含量的增加而降低，随Al2O3，Fe2O3含量的增加而增加，说明土壤常量组分及其所决定的土壤质地是导致异常形成的主要因素；而平阴城区异常是以S，Hg，As，Zn，Mn等元素为主的异常，是典型的人为综合因素（化工烟尘、工厂污水、生活垃圾）产生的异常。     

三维城市模型的研究与实践(英文)

The way we interact with spatial data has been changed from 2D map to 3D Virtual Geographic Environment (VGE). Three-dimensional representations of geographic information on a computer are known as VGE, and in particular 3D city models provide an efficient way to integrate massive, heterogenous geospatial information and georeferenced information in urban areas. 3D city modeling (3DCM) is an active research and practice topic in distinct application areas. This paper introduces different modeling paradigms employed in 3D GIS, virtual environment, and AEC/FM. Up-to-date 3DCM technologies are evolving into a data integration and collaborative approach to represent the full spatial coverage of a city, to model both aboveground and underground, outdoor and indoor environments including man-made objects and natural features with 3D geometry, appearance, topology and semantics. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 40871212, No. 40671158), the Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Educational Committee( No.J50104).     

The effect of strength anisotropy on the bearing capacity of spudcan foundations

The vertical bearing capacity of spudcan foundations in strength anisotropic soils is investigated numerically using the MIT-S1 model implemented in the AFENA finite element package. The model in AFENA is validated against existing laboratory test data of normally consolidated soil. The bearing capacities of spudcans in soils with isotropic and anisotropic strengths are compared. Soil with isotropic strength is simulated using an elasto-plastic model. It is found that the bearing capacity of a spudcan in an anisotropic soil is reduced by about 9% for a rough spudcan and 3% for a smooth spudcan on average. There is a combined effect of soil anisotropy and spudcan roughness on the spudcan bearing capacity. Moreover, the effect of the pressuremeter strength of an anisotropic soil on foundation capacity can’t be ignored.     

�㶫������������˫����¶�λ�������

???????λ????????????2004??1???2007??5??ML??1.5????????????ж?λ??????????2004??9??17?????????4.9????????????????????????????????????????ML??2.0?????????????б?????????????4.9???????????????????????????λ???????￡????????1?±?????????????????????????????????4.9?????????????????????