转炉钢渣对两种对虾幼虾的急性毒性效应

初步研究了一定粒径的转炉钢渣对日本对虾（Penaeus japonicus）幼虾和中国明对虾（fenneropenaeus chinensis）幼虾的急性毒性效应。实验结果显示，当钢渣质量浓度为1.8g／L时，日本对虾幼虾96h的最高死亡率为33．33％；随着钢渣质量浓度的增加，死亡率增高；当钢渣质量浓度为18g／L时，其96h的最大死亡率达到了75％。相对于日本对虾幼虾，钢渣质量浓度为18g／L时中国明对虾幼虾96h的最高死亡率只有36．67％。运用直线内插法求出钢渣对日本对虾幼虾96h半致死浓度为1．62g／L，钢渣对日本对虾的安全浓度为0．162g／L，而在实验条件下中国明对虾幼虾的半致死浓度要明显高于日本对虾幼虾。     

南海北部海区水团的判别分析

将判别分析应用于南海北部海区的水团分析。划分为八个水团:沿岸冲淡水团(F),近岸混合水团(M),暖表层水团(WS),表层水团(S),表—次层混合水团(SU),次层水团(U),次—中层混合水团(UI)和中层水团(I)。给出了各水团在四季代表月的Bayes多组判别的系数和参数。用资料检验判别的成效.冬季和春季可达95.90％以上,夏季为94.80％,秋季是全年最低值,为92.72％。讨论了造成错判的原因,并与Fisher判别作了比较。当测值维数较低时,建议选用Bayes判别。对八个水团以及各水团两两之间差异的显著性进行了检验,证实在每个季节中各水团之间的差异,都在高度置信水平(α=0.01)上具有显著性。因而,划分为八个水团是有实际意义的,其判别式的系数和参数,可用于实际的判别和预报。     

海岸带可持续发展及其指标体系研究--以辽宁省海岸带部分城市为例

海岸带有着丰富的资源，能够为人类社会的可持续发展提供强大的物质基础，而它对外界的影响又是相当敏感的，因此海岸带自身的可持续发展理应受到人们的关注。本文根据可持续发展理论的基本原理，提出海岸带可持续发展的概念，阐述了海岸带可持续发展的基本内涵，并建立了其评价指标体系。文章最后以辽宁省海岸带部分城市为例，介绍了海岸带可持续发展的具体评价方法，为合理开发利用海岸带提供了依据。     

基于DXF的OpenFlight数据创建方法研究

针对虚拟城市仿真系统应用中OpenFlight模型缺乏、建模方式单一,难以构建复杂模型的情况,本文提出基于CAD文件来构建Opeflght模型的方法,在详细分析OpenFlight和DXF的数据组织结构的基础上,设计了基于DXF的OpenFlight数据创建方案并编程实现。通过实例测试证明该方案能快速、完整地进行数据转换,为虚拟城市系统的三维仿真模型构建提供了一条行之有效的途径。     

Impact of Montmorillonite and Calcite on Release and Adsorption of Cyanobacterial Fatty Acids at Ambient Temperature

Minerals might act as important sorbents of sedimentary organic matter and reduce biodegradation, which favors the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks in the earth's history. Since most organic matter is degraded during the sinking process, at ambient temperature, it is important to investigate the adsorption capacity of different minerals during this process, to assess the organic loss from primary productivity to sedimentary organic matter. In this study, montmorillonite and calcite have been selected to study the impact of different minerals on the release, adsorption, and deposition of cyanobacterial (Synechococcus elonpata) fatty acids (FAs) at ambient temperature. Gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have been utilized to detect the variation in fatty acids. Primary results suggest that minerals have a different impact on dissolved organic matter. Montmorillonite can specifically enhance the release of fatty acids from cyanobacterial cells by lowering the pH values of the solution. The adsorption of the dissolved organic matter by montmorillonite will also be enhanced under a lower pH value. Conjunction of fatty acids with montmorillonite to form a complex will favor the sinking and preservation of these organics. Selective adsorption is observed among fatty acids with different carbon numbers. In contrast, calcite does not show any impact on the release and adsorption of organic matter even though it is reportedly capable of acting as a catalyst during the transformation of organic matter at high temperature. The primary data bridge a link between primary productivity and sedimentary organic matter, suggesting the relative importance of claystones in the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks in the earth's history.     

基于时刻独立脉冲耦合神经网络的高空间分辨率摇感影像分割

高空间分辨率遥感影像中地物目标内部光谱信息复杂性的增强,使得传统基于光谱特征值的数据处理方法效果不再显著,影像分割为解决这一问题提供了一种思路,成为当前高空间分辨率遥感影像处理的研究焦点.时刻独立脉冲耦合神经网络具有状态相近、空间相邻神经元相互耦合同步脉冲激发和区域之间神经元脉冲激发时刻独立两大特点,已被应用于非遥感影像分割中,并取得较好效果.本文结合高空间分辨率遥感影像特点,通过对网络参数进行实验和分析,提出一个基于时刻独立脉冲耦合神经网络的高空间分辨率遥感影像分割方法,并利用空间分辨率0.3m的航空影像进行了数据试验,将分割结果进行讨论并与现有时刻独立脉冲耦合神经网络方法和ISODATA方法分割结果进行对比分析.结果表明:时刻独立脉冲耦合神经网络在高空间分辨率遥感影像分割处理中具有很好的应用前景.     

储层反演技术在新疆兰尕地区的应用

新疆塔里木盆地沙稚隆起艾协克-桑台塔木油气区是地震工作最早、勘探程度较高地区．1994年以来,地矿部西北石油局加大了对该区的勘探力度,先后在桑塔木、艾协克、塔里木乡、牧场北、艾协克北、桑塔木东北部署了三维地震勘探工作,并对三维地震资料进行了处理与解释,落实了有利圈闭．在此基础上对有利区块开展了储层反演工作,确定了工区储层展仃特征,为该区下一步开发部署提供了依据．     

基于光谱和纹理的SVM矿化蚀变信息提取研究

针对传统矿化信息提取方法单一,利用光谱或纹理、信息量相对较少、需要大量样本的缺陷,利用基于光谱和纹理的支持向量机(SVM)原理,建立矿化信息提取模型.选择青海泽库县析界日地区作为典型研究区.首先提取研究区光谱和纹理信息,选取训练样本;然后求解最优超平面,进而确定决策函数;最后泛化推广识别其他待识别的样本.通过所提取的遥感蚀变异常信息与重砂异常点叠加分析,叠加基本吻合;从野外实地验证来看,均发现了不同程度的矿化现象,并指出了5个重点异常区.     

Benthic nutrient fluxes in the intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary

In an annual cycle from March 2005 to February 2006, benthic nutrient fluxes were measured monthly in the Dongtan intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary. Except for NH4^＋, there always showed high fluxes from overlying water into sediment for other four nutrients. Sediments in the high and middle marshes, covered with halophyte and consisting of macrofauna, demonstrated more capabilities of assimilating nutrients from overlying water than the low marsh. Sampling seasons and nutrient concentrations in the overlying water could both exert significant effects on these fluxes. Additionally, according to the model provided by previous study, denitrification rates, that utilizing NO3- transported from overlying water （Dw） in Dongtan sediments, were estimated to be from -16 to 193 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 with an average value of 63 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 （n=18）. These estimated values are still underestimates of the in-situ rates owing to the lack of consideration of DN, i.e., denitrification supported by the local NO3^- production via nitrification.     

Changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under the interaction between sunlight and phosphate in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary

We conducted ship-board incubation experiments to investigate changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under different phosphate concentrations and irradiances in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent waters in China. Under 100% natural irradiance the uptake rates of phosphate, silicate, and nitrate were accelerated at high phosphate levels （1.84 μM）, while under low irradiance （about 50% natural irradiance） their uptake rates were restrained at the high but stimulated greatly at the intermediate phosphate concentrations （1.26 μM）, as the growth of phytoplankton, changes in nitrite and ammonium uptake didn＇t follow an obvious pattern. Our results also showed that there were linear relationships between nitrate, silicate and phosphate uptake at different phosphate concentrations under low and high irradiances, and the growth period of phytoplankton was prolonged both at the high phosphate concentrations under high irradiance and at the intermediate concentrations under low irradiance, suggesting that the limitation of phytoplankton growth mainly reflected changes in its growth period, and because no such environment （low irradiance and low phosphate concentrations） actually existed in a high turbidity zone, phytoplankton blooms hardly occurred there. In the absence of irradiance, denitrification occurred readily and phytoplankton was kept decreasing, which resulted in phosphate regeneration.