基于虚拟现实技术的川藏铁路地质灾害易发区减灾选线优化:以洛隆车站为例

铁路沿线频发的滑坡泥石流灾害,对山区铁路建设与安全运营造成重大影响。在山区铁路选线过程中,如何科学规划铁路线位和工程方案,真正把铁路地质灾害问题解决在成灾之前,实现科学防灾减灾,已成为国内外学者关注的焦点问题。提出一种基于虚拟现实技术(VR)的铁路地质灾害易发区减灾选线场景仿真系统,利用CAD、Sketch Up等软件制作三维地形环境模型,进行铁路沿线滑坡泥石流灾变演化仿真分析;基于Unity3D平台,应用3Ds Max、Photoshop等软件完成研究区的虚拟铁路场景模型搭建,通过网页版的UI交互设计,实现虚拟铁路场景的三维可视化体验;以新建川藏铁路洛隆车站为例,采用该方法建立了多种线路方案优化。结果表明:所建立的虚拟现实场景系统具有很好的可视性和较为流畅的交互性,可充分展示研究区铁路建设及运营安全的可行性。     

珠海市重点项目移动办公系统设计与应用

重点项目在一定时期内对社会经济发展起着决定作用,珠海市为建设发展成为珠江西岸核心城市,确立了一批关乎经济、民生,需要重点建设、重点监控的战略性保障项目。为方便领导及相关人员快速准确地进行重点项目现场协调、指导和监督,笔者结合工作经验,根据重点建设项目的特点,以珠海市为例设计并实现了重点项目地理信息辅助移动办公系统,为建设项目的顺利进行提供支持。     

The identification and comparison of the bio-elements of the penguin ornithogenic sediments sample from Davis Station and Great Wall Station

During CHINARE-22 in austral summer of 2005-2006,a lake sediment core named DG4,which is impacted by penguin droppings,was retrieved from a lake catchment in Gardner Island of Vesffold Hills,East Antarctica.In this study,the concentrations of characteristic elements in the core,local bedrocks and fresh penguin guanos were determined.P,Se,F,S,As,Sr and Cu in DG4 were identified as the bio-element assemblage by R-clustering analysis and compared with those in the local bedrocks and fresh guanos,the results are similar to Y2 in Ardley Island,Antarctic Peninsula.On this basis,P and Se were identified as the optimum bio-elements in DG4 and F,P and S were identified in Y2,respectively.This work will provides the foundation for reconstructing the past penguin populations in Gardner Island of Vest- fold Hills,East Antarctica and comparing the penguin population dynamics between East Antarctica and Antarctic Peninsula.     

填埋场渗滤液COD降解曲线的拟和与优化简法

结合上海老港垃圾填埋场渗滤液的实际监测数据．建立了COD降解模型．介绍了利用Excel及其非线性规划求解工具拟合并优化填埋场渗滤液COD降解曲线的新方法。结果表明：①填埋场渗滤液COD衰减过程符合一级反应过程;②用Excel软件包拟合曲线简捷明了．拟和精度高,具有较大的工程应用价值。     

南极湖泊沉积物中有机硫组成及其与铁硫化物的联系

本文利用有机硫硫同位素组成(δ34Sorg)及活性铁的黄铁矿化度(DOP)和硫化度(DOS)研究了南极阿德雷岛受企鹅活动影响的Y2湖和未受影响的菲尔德斯半岛燕鸥湖YO沉积物中有机硫的来源组成及其与铁硫化物的联系.结果 表明,Y2沉积物1～15 cm较低的δ34Sorg指示有机质硫化形成的贫34S成岩有机硫(Sdiag)...     

基于G-TOPSIS模型的贫困农户多目标发展评价——以云南福贡县为例

建立贫困农户多目标发展评价体系,实现不同发展目标下的相对贫困的精准识别与动态监测,成为新阶段扶贫开发的迫切需求。论文面向精准扶贫、乡村振兴和可持续发展战略,基于贫困农户的短期、中期和长期目标,构建基于G-TOPSIS综合评价方法的贫困农户多目标发展评价模型,结合障碍度模型揭示不同发展目标下贫困农户的发展水平、发展差距及其致贫因素,并基于地理探测器对不同发展水平农户减贫的影响因素进行探测。以云南省福贡县为例的研究区实证结果表明:① 研究区目前仍存在大量未脱贫农户,脱贫攻坚的压力依然较大,全面脱贫是福贡县当前最紧迫的发展目标;已脱贫人口距全国和全省农村居民平均发展水平还有较大差距,仍处于相对贫困状态,具有较高的贫困脆弱性,防止返贫、缓解相对贫困的任务艰巨。② 短期目标下,主要致贫因素为劳动力受教育年限、卫生厕所、安全住房、家庭人均纯收入、家庭健康状况;中长期目标下,与全国和本省相比,家庭人均纯收入、劳动力受教育年限、安全住房为主要发展短板。③ 不同发展水平贫困农户空间分布特征存在较大差异,贫困空间分异受基础设施、地形条件、经济区位、自然资源、交通区位等因素的综合影响,农户发展水平越低,空间异质性越强,受地理环境的影响越大。研究结果可为减贫与发展战略的实施与监测提供决策依据与可靠的技术决策支持。     

The identification and comparison of the bio-elements of the penguin ornithogenic sediments sample from Davis Station and Great Wall Station

During CHINARE-22 in austral summer of 2005-2006, a lake sediment core named DG4, which is impacted by penguin droppings, was retrieved from a lake catchment in Gardner Island of Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica. In this study, the concentrations of characteristic elements in the core, local bedrocks and fresh penguin guanos were determined. P, Se, F, S, As, Sr and Cu in DG4 were identified as the bio-element assemblage by R-clustering analysis and compared with those in the local bedrocks and fresh guanos, the results are similar to Y2 in Ardley Island, Antarctic Peninsula. On this basis, P and Se were identified as the optimum bio-elements in DG4 and F, P and S were identified in Y2, respectively. This work will provides the foundation for reconstructing the past penguin populations in Gardner Island of Vest- fold Hills, East Antarctica and comparing the penguin population dynamics between East Antarctica and Antarctic Peninsula.     

泵喷推进水下滑翔机尾舵设计及仿真分析

泵喷推进水下滑翔机是在传统浮力驱动型水下滑翔机基础上配置泵喷推进器发展而来的一种混合驱动型水下滑翔机。为了提高其机动性,泵喷推进水下滑翔机采用尾舵式结构设计方案。采用数值仿真方法,针对尾舵翼型、展弦比、后掠角、舵轴位置等相关参数开展研究,完成了尾舵水动力结构设计。利用动力学仿真方法,对比分析了泵喷推进水下滑翔机与同尺度下横滚式水下滑翔机的转向性能,仿真结果表明： 尾舵式结构的转向性能明显优于横滚式。     

宁夏惠农区新农村典型供电模式应用研究

针对当前农村电网建设中存在的问题,以宁夏惠农区为试点区域,开展新农村典型供电模式应用研究。分别从电网规划建设、电网运行控制及节能减耗等领域进行供电模式的需求分析,在新农村典型供电模式的基础上提出了惠农区典型供电模式与实施规模,实践表明典型供电模式在惠农区具有较好的应用效果。     

From sea to land: assessment of the bio-transport of phosphorus by penguins in Antarctica

In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Biovectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96×109–1.63×1010 kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-free areas of the Antarctica.