全文获取类型
收费全文 | 535篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1篇 |
大气科学 | 42篇 |
地球物理 | 89篇 |
地质学 | 129篇 |
海洋学 | 37篇 |
天文学 | 230篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
自然地理 | 34篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 19篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 8篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 12篇 |
2002年 | 10篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有563条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
72.
Nature,origin and evolution of a Late Pleistocene incised valley‐fill,Sunda Shelf,Southeast Asia 下载免费PDF全文
Faisal A. Alqahtani Howard D. Johnson Christopher A.‐L. Jackson Mohd Rapi B. Som 《Sedimentology》2015,62(4):1198-1232
Understanding the stratigraphic fill and reconstructing the palaeo‐hydrology of incised valleys can help to constrain those factors that controlled their origin, evolution and regional significance. This condition is addressed through the analysis of a large (up to 18 km wide by 80 m deep) and exceptionally well‐imaged Late Pleistocene incised valley from the Sunda Shelf (South China Sea) based on shallow three‐dimensional seismic data from a large (11 500 km2), ‘merge’ survey, supplemented with site survey data (boreholes and seismic). This approach has enabled the characterization of the planform geometry, cross‐sectional area and internal stratigraphic architecture, which together allow reconstruction of the palaeo‐hydrology. The valley‐fill displays five notable stratigraphic features: (i) it is considerably larger than other seismically resolvable channel forms and can be traced for at least 180 km along its length; (ii) it is located in the axial part of the Malay Basin; (iii) the youngest part of the valley‐fill is dominated by a large (600 m wide and 23 m deep), high‐sinuosity channel, with well‐developed lateral accretion surfaces; (iv) the immediately adjacent interfluves contain much smaller, dendritic channel systems, which resemble tributaries that drained into the larger incised valley system; and (v) a ca 16 m thick, shell‐bearing, Holocene clay caps the valley‐fill. The dimension, basin location and palaeo‐hydrology of this incised valley leads to the conclusion that it represents the trunk river, which flowed along the length of the Malay Basin; it connected the Gulf of Thailand in the north with the South China Sea in the south‐east. The length of the river system (>1200 km long) enables examination of the upstream to downstream controls on the evolution of the incised valley, including sea‐level, climate and tectonics. The valley size, orientation and palaeo‐hydrology suggest close interaction between the regional tectonic framework, low‐angle shelf physiography and a humid‐tropical climatic setting. 相似文献
73.
Abstract Cloudless‐sky solar fluxes calculated by the radiative transfer algorithm used in the Canadian Climate Centre's general circulation climate model are compared with measurements of upwelling radiation at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and downwelling radiation at the surface. The 12‐layer model partitions the solar spectrum into two broad wavebands (0.25–0.68 and 0.68–4.00 μm). The comparison utilized TOA fluxes estimated from Nimbus‐ 7 measurements and measured downwelling fluxes at the surface for Kalgoorlie, West Australia, and downwelling fluxes at the surface for Woodbridge, Ontario. Model estimates and measurements agreed to within experimental error for most solar zenith angles. Estimates improved, especially at Woodbridge, when aerosol effects were included. The mean bias error was less than 4% for surface irradiance and less than 6% for upwelling TOA irradiance, which produces a TOA albedo error of about 0.01. 相似文献
74.
J. S. Morrill C. M. Korendyke G. E. Brueckner F. Giovane R. A. Howard M. Koomen D. Moses S. P. Plunkett A. Vourlidas E. Esfandiari N. Rich D. Wang A. F. Thernisien P. Lamy A. Llebaria D. Biesecker D. Michels Q. Gong M. Andrews 《Solar physics》2006,233(2):331-372
We present a detailed review of the calibration of the LASCO C3 coronagraph on the SOHO satellite. Most of the calibration
has been in place since early in the mission and has been utilized to varying degrees as required by specific analysis efforts.
However, using observational data from the nearly decade-long database of LASCO images, we have re-evaluated and improved
many aspects of the calibration. This includes the photometric calibration, vignetting function, geometric distortion, stray
light, and exposure and observation times. Using this comprehensive set of corrections we have generated and made available
a set of calibrated coronal images along with a set of periodic background images to ease the accessibility and use of the
LASCO database.
Deceased 相似文献
75.
UNESCO World Heritage status is the highest honour that may be bestowed on a palaeontological site. In addition to heightening conservation status, it confers international recognition of a locality's 'outstanding universal value' and often triggers the release of substantial regional development funds. Despite these incentives it is, perhaps, not surprising that only a handful of fossil sites have successfully navigated the World Heritage selection process. In this feature, we draw on our recent experience of developing a World Heritage bid for the Pennsylvanian 'Coal Age' locality of Joggins, Nova Scotia. As well as demonstrating the huge significance of Joggins, we hope that our findings will provide valuable guidelines for the assessment of World Heritage fossil sites in general. 相似文献
76.
We study sudden brightenings of coronal loops that interconnect active regions. Such brightenings often occur within one or two days after the birth of a new interconnecting loop, as well as in some old interconnections. The brightenings of young loops are obviously associated with the emergence of new magnetic flux near their footpoints, whereas some enhancements of old loops may be triggered by slowly moving disturbances propagating from other centers of activity. A few loop brightenings are associated with flares, but the loop does not brighten in consequence of energy supply from the flare. Both the flare and the loop brightening are independent consequences of one common agent, presumably newly emerging flux.Temperatures in brightened loops are between 3 and 4 × 106 K and densities are < 2 × 109 cm–3, probably < 5 × 108 cm–3 in some old loops. The top part of a loop is the site of the most intense brightening in the initial phase of a loop enhancement. The most frequent lifetime of these brightenings is 6 to 7 hr.Hale Observatories are operated jointly by the Carnegie Institution of Washington and the California Institute of Technology. 相似文献
77.
The observation of a strong seasonal variation of arsenic species found in the estuaries of the Rivers Beaulieu, Test and Itchen in central southern England is presented. The implications of such observations regarding the environmental biomethylation and fate of arsenic in natural waters are also discussed. 相似文献
78.
Robert F. Howard 《Solar physics》1992,142(2):233-248
The separation of the leading and following portions of plages and (multi-spot) sunspot groups is examined as a parameter in the analysis of plage and spot group rotation. The magnetic complexity of plages affects their average properties in such a study because it tends to make the polarity separations of the plages less than they really are (by the definition of polarity separation used here). Correcting for this effect, one finds a clear and very significant dependence of the total magnetic flux of a region on its polarity separation. Extrapolating this relationship to zero total flux leads to an X intercept of about 25 Mm in polarity separation. The average residual rotation rates of regions depend upon the polarity separation in the sense that larger separations correspond to slower rotation rates (except for small values of separation, which are affected by region complexity). In the case of sunspots, the result that smaller individual spots rotate faster than larger spots is confirmed and quantified. It is shown also that smaller spot groups rotate faster than larger groups, but this is a much weaker effect than that for individual spots. It is suggested that the principal effect is for spots, and that this individual spot effect is responsible for much or all of the group effect, including that attributed in the past to group age. Although larger spot groups have larger polarity separations, it is shown that the rotation rate-polarity separation effect is the opposite in groups than one finds in plages: groups with larger polarity separations rotate faster than those with smaller separations. This anomalous effect may be related to the evolution of plages and spot groups, or it may be related to connections with subsurface toroidal flux tubes. It is suggested that the polarity separation is a parameter of solar active regions that may shed some light on their origin and evolution.Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under Cooperative Agreement with the National Science Foundation. 相似文献
79.
E. W. Cliver S. W. Kahler H. V. Cane M. J. Koomen D. J. Michels R. A. Howard N. R. Sheeley Jr. 《Solar physics》1983,89(1):181-193
We use a variety of ground-based and satellite measurements to identify the source of the ground level event (GLE) beginning near 06∶30 UT on 21 August, 1979 as the 2B flare with maximum at ~06∶15 UT in McMath region 16218. This flare differed from previous GLE-associated flares in that it lacked a prominent impulsive phase, having a peak ~9 GHz burst flux density of only 27 sfu and a ?20 keV peak hard X-ray flux of ?3 × 10-6 ergs cm-2s-1. Also, McMath 16218 was magnetically less complex than the active regions in which previous cosmic-ray flares have occurred, containing essentially only a single sunspot with a rudimentary penumbra. The flare was associated with a high speed (?700 km s-1) mass ejection observed by the NRL white light coronagraph aboard P78-1 and a shock accelerated (SA) event observed by the low frequency radio astronomy experiment on ISEE-3. 相似文献
80.
On 16 June 1972, the Naval Research Laboratory's coronagraph aboard OSO-7 tracked a huge coronal cloud moving outward from the Sun. Concurrent observations of the inner corona made by the High Altitude Observatory at Mauna Loa showed bifurcation of the underlying coronal structure. Together, these observations can be interpreted as evidence for the stretching of the closed fields into a magnetic bottle, extending to at least eight radii from the center of the Sun. 相似文献