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991.
?????????г???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????α?????????黯???α?????????????????????????????????α?????????????????????????????????????е????????????,??????????α??????????? 相似文献
992.
林望 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)
This paper presents a theoretical analysis of evolutionary process that involves organisms distribution and their interaction of spatially distributed population with diffusion in a Holling-III ratio-dependent predator--prey model, the sufficient conditions for diffusion-driven instability with Neumann boundary conditions are obtained. Furthermore, it presents novel numerical evidence of time evolution of patterns controlled by diffusion in the model, and finds that the model dynamics exhibits complex pattern replication, and the pattern formation depends on the choice of the initial conditions. The ideas in this paper may provide a better understanding of the pattern formation in ecosystems. 相似文献
993.
994.
海洋动物体石油烃污染评价标准参考值的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前,国内外尚无颁布任何海洋生物石油污染评价标准,为了满足海洋生物石油污染评价的需要,本文采用综合分析与毒理学分析相结合的方法,探讨和提出了海洋动物石油污染评价标准参考值,海洋鱼类、贝类和甲壳类的石油污染评价标准参考值(干重)分别为15、70 和25 m g/kg。 相似文献
995.
高精度GPS观测及其在福建东南沿海地壳形变研究中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对福建东南沿海GPS地壳形变监测网的两期观测资料的处理方法及其精度进行了深入讨论,并根据复测资料的对比,对该地区现今地壳运动的基本特征进行了初步的分析。结果表明两期GPS观测资料经严密处理后其基线重复性精度优于10- 8,高程分量的精度固定误差小于7m m ,比例误差优于10- 8,满足了研究该地区现今地壳运动的基本需要。利用统一处理后的两期GPS观测结果获得了该地区现今地壳运动的基本图象,表明该地区相对于全球ITRF框架整体呈南东东向运动,台湾和福建沿海大陆相对运动是北西向压缩。这个结果和本地区北西向主压应力的构造应力场状态一致。GPS测区范围内测点的相对运动表明测网所跨越的北东、北东东向断裂呈右旋走滑趋势,其活动量为毫米。 相似文献
996.
Ping Chen Dan Xia Boyuan Chen Lin Li Xiuzhong Li Tian-lin Dong 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,73(3):261-266
Ray representation of electromagnetic resonance (reverberation) mode in subsurface circular cylindrical dielectric resonator (including void) is proposed. The modal ray path must be regular polygon or polystar. Travel time formulas for fundamental resonance multiples and the detecting conditions for non-exact-backscattering rays are derived. Simulation of time–distance curves of a modal hollow concrete block is generally concurred to the measured ground penetrating radar signal pattern. The proposed modeling method can be generalized to other resonant cavities with different profiles and provide a sound base for further applications of other more complicated geophysics science and engineering fields, particularly in ray-based tomography. 相似文献
997.
X. L. Sun X. G. Zhang J. L. Lin Z. X. Zhao D. W. Huang 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(8):1163-1174
AbstractThe characteristics and distribution of clay minerals and their effects on reservoir quality in the Huagang sandstones in the Xihu Sag, East China Sea Basin were studied by using X-ray diffraction, casting thin-sections, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, fluid inclusion analysis, constant-rate mercury injection and nuclear magnetic resonance. Clay minerals consist of kaolinite, chlorite, illite and illite–smectite mixed layer (I/S); kaolinite forms from dissolved feldspars, chlorite occurs as clay coatings that are transformed from clay precursors owing to the flocculation of suspended detrital clays or the crystallisation of pore fluids, and illite forms from the illitisation of detrital smectite, authigenic kaolinite and K-feldspars. Clay distribution is controlled by sedimentary environments, burial history and lithologies. Typical reservoirs in the western sub-sag are thin and developed in braided river facies at relatively shallow burial depths with clays dominated by kaolinite. However, typical reservoirs in the central inversion tectonic zone are thicker and developed in a braided delta front facies at deeper burial depths with clays mainly consisting of chlorite, illite and I/S. High-quality reservoirs are characterised by coarse granularity, high quartz content and low clay content with widespread development of chlorite coatings that inhibit quartz cements at low temperatures. At higher temperatures, the high-quality reservoirs develop more pores providing growth space for quartz cements and result in the coexistence of chlorite coatings and quartz cements. The high-quality reservoirs are controlled by their lithological characteristics rather than chlorite coatings. Illite and I/S clays create severe damage to reservoirs by reducing the size and connectivity of pore-throats. 相似文献
998.
INTRODUCTIONThetoxicityofheavymetalsreleasedintotheenvironmenthasrecentlytriggeredanumberofstudiesaimingattheremovalofmetalionsfromaqueoussolutions (FourestandVolesky ,1 997;FehrmannandPohl,1 993 ;KuyucakandVolesky,1 989) .Itwasfoundthattheaccumulationofheavymeta… 相似文献
999.
Origin of EL3 chondrites: Evidence for variable C/O ratios during their course of formation—A state of the art scrutiny 下载免费PDF全文
A. El Goresy Y. Lin M. Miyahara A. Gannoun M. Boyet E. Ohtani P. Gillet M. Trieloff A. Simionovici L. Feng L. Lemelle 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2017,52(5):781-806
Mineral inventories of enstatite chondrites; (EH and EL) are strictly dictated by combined parameters mainly very low dual oxygen (fO2) and sulfur (fS2) fugacities. They are best preserved in the Almahata Sitta MS‐17, MS‐177 fragments, and the ALHA 77295 and MAC 88136 Antarctic meteorites. These conditions induce a stark change of the geochemical behavior of nominally lithophile elements to chalcophile or even siderophile and changes in the elemental partitioning thus leading to formation of unusual mineral assemblages with high abundance of exotic sulfide species and enrichment in the metallic alloys, for example, silicides and phosphides. Origin and mode of formation of these exotic chondrites, and their parental source regions could be best scrutinized by multitask research experiments of the most primitive members covering mineralogical, petrological, cosmochemical, and indispensably short‐lived isotopic chronology. The magnitude of temperature and pressure prevailed during their formation in their source regions could eventually be reasonably estimated: pre‐ and postaccretionary could eventually be deduced. The dual low fugacities are regulated by the carbon to oxygen ratios estimated to be >0.83 and <1.03. These parameters not only induce unusual geochemical behavior of the elements inverting many nominally lithophile elements to chalcophile or even siderophile or anthracophile. Structure and mineral inventories in EL3 and EH3 chondrites are fundamentally different. Yet EH3 and EL3 members store crucial information relevant to eventual source regions and importantly possible variation in C/O ratio in the course of their evolution. EL3 and EH3 chondrites contain trichotomous lithologies (1) chondrules and their fragments, (2) polygonal enstatite‐dominated objects, and (3) multiphase metal‐rich nodules. Mineralogical and cosmochemical inventories of lithologies in the same EL3 indicate not only similarities (REE inventory and anomalies in oldhamite) but also distinct differences (sinoite‐enstatite‐graphite relationship). Oldhamite in chondrules and polygonal fragments in EL3 depict negative Eu anomaly attesting a common cosmochemical source. Metal‐dominated nodules in both EL3 and EH3 are conglomerates of metal clasts and sulfide fragments in EH3 and concentrically zoned C‐bearing metal micropebbles (≥25 μm ≤50 μm) in EL3 thus manifesting a frozen in unique primordial accretionary metal texture and composition. Sinoite‐enstatite‐diopside‐graphite textures reveal a nucleation and growth strongly suggestive of fluctuating C/O ratio during their nucleation and growth in the source regions. Mineral inventories, sulfide phase relations, sinoite‐enstatite‐graphite intergrowth, carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of graphite, spatial nitrogen abundance in graphite in metal nodules, and last but not least 129I/129Xe and 53Mn/53Cr systematics negate any previously suggested melting episode, pre‐accretionary or dynamic, in parental asteroids. 相似文献
1000.
Regularities exist in fluid flows and can be represented by a set of constants. These constants are functions of the parameter of a probability distribution that exhibits resilience and stability under various flow conditions. Together, these regularities form a network and interact with each other, such that if one is known then the others can be determined from it. The regularities and their network explain the various fluid‐flow phenomena and can be used in analysis of rivers and streams. For example, they can be used as the basis to develop simple and efficient methods of discharge measurements as presented herein, which only require velocity sampling at a single point on a water surface or a few points on a single vertical. Because of their simplicity and the short time requirement, these methods can be easily automated for collecting discharge data in unsteady, high flows that are badly needed for real‐time flow forecasting and design of flood control structures, and for advancing the fundamental, scientific knowledge in hydrology. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献