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101.
Julie C. Libarkin Anne U. Gold Sara E. Harris Karen S. McNeal Ryan P. Bowles 《Climatic change》2018,150(3-4):403-416
The relationship between climate change understanding and other variables, including risk perception, beliefs, and worldviews, is an important consideration as we work to increase public attention to climate change. Despite significant effort to develop rigorous mechanisms for measuring affective variables, measurement of climate change understanding is often relegated to unvalidated questions or question sets. To remedy this situation, we constructed and analyzed a climate change concept inventory using a suite of validity and reliability steps, including Rasch analysis. The resultant 21-item test has a high degree of validity and reliability for measuring understanding about basic climate change processes. Inventory scores along with other variables were included in a model of climate change risk perception, providing both concurrent validity for the test and new insight into the importance of understanding, worldview, and values on risk perception. We find that environmental beliefs and cultural cognition worldview play a larger role in predicting an individual’s risk perception than knowledge. Implications for addressing climate change are considered. 相似文献
102.
Guy R McPherson 《Journal of Arid Environments》1997,36(4):565-570
There is widespread recognition of the importance of long-term experimental studies of plant interactions, but such experiments are rarely conducted. Pairwise interactions between three species of perennial grasses were assessed and described over a 5-year period. Experimental treatments in which some or all neighbors were removed were maintained and plant basal area was monitored throughout the experiment. In addition, above-ground biomass was collected over a 3-year period. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed no evidence of interactions between plants. 相似文献
103.
Genetic algorithms in seismic waveform inversion 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
104.
105.
Olivier Morissette Frédéric Lecomte Guy Verreault Michel Legault Pascal Sirois 《Estuaries and Coasts》2016,39(2):571-582
Migratory contingents, groups of individuals belonging to the same population that adopt different migratory patterns, have been identified in numerous Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) populations along North American East Coast. We tested the hypothesis that migratory contingents may develop early in life to maximize the exploitation of the variety of habitats faced by a recently introduced fish population. Using the discriminatory power provided by otolith chemistry, we studied early-life history stages of Striped Bass in a recently reintroduced population in the St. Lawrence Estuary. Migratory patterns were inferred using multivariate analysis of four otolith trace elements (Sr, Ba, Mn, and Mg) on juveniles (0+ and 1+). Three migratory contingents were identified during early-life history stages: freshwater residents, oligohaline migrants, and mesohaline migrants. This study demonstrates the rapid establishment, in less than 10 years since initial stocking, of three migratory contingents initiated early in life among the St. Lawrence Striped Bass population. We postulate that diversification provided by the establishment of distinct migratory contingents among early-life history stages promotes the rapid colonization of new environments through the exploration and exploitation of an increased number of nursery habitats. 相似文献
106.
Orbital phase curves are reported for Rhea (SV), Dione (SIV), and Tethys (SIII). Variations of 0.2 mag. and 0.8 mag. were found for Rhea and Dione respectively, while no variation of Tethys was detected. Some color variations are also reported. 相似文献
107.
108.
In the stratosphere of Venus, the available luminous flux which locally produces the photodissociation processes at a given altitude may be divided into three parts: direct incoming downward flux, flux resulting from the reflection on the surface of the clouds, and flux due to molecular scattering. A relatively simple computation method has been used to evaluate the relative importance of these three parts at altitudes between 65 and 100 km. It is shown that the extra contribution of the reflected and scattered fluxes to photodissociation processes cannot be neglected in the uv and visible regions. In the case of SO2, for instance, which presents an absorption band in the uv, the photodissociation coefficient is increased 30% due to these effects. Calculations of the photodissociation coefficients of CO2, O3, H2S, and SO2 are presented. As a result of the increase by 60% in the ozone photolysis rate, the calculated O2 infrared band at 1.27 μm is larger by a factor of nearly 2 than is expected from a calculation without taking albedo or scattering into account. 相似文献
109.
110.
This study explores the factors affecting rural landholders’ adaptation to climate change from the perspectives of formal institutions and communities of practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with formal institutions (e.g. South Australian government agencies) and communities of practice (e.g. farm systems groups) within two natural resource management regions in South Australia. Both groups noted that rural landholders autonomously adapt to a variety of risks, including those induced by climate variability; however, the types and levels of adaptation varied among individuals as a result of variety of barriers to adaptation. The lack of communication and engagement processes established between formal institutions and communities of practice was one major barrier. The paper presents and discusses a model for transferring knowledge and information on climate change among formal institutions, communities of practice, trusted individual advisors and rural landholders, and for supporting the co-management of climate change across multiple groups in rural agricultural areas in Australia and elsewhere. 相似文献