High Magnetic Field Pulsars and Magnetars: A Unified Picture

We propose a unified picture of high magnetic field radio pulsars and magnetars by arguing that they are all rotating high-field neutron stars but that their magnetic axes have different orientations with respect to their rotation axes. In strong magnetic fields where photon splitting suppresses pair creation near the surface, the high-field pulsars can have active inner accelerators while the anomalous X-ray pulsars cannot. This can account for the very different observed emission characteristics of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 2259+586 and the high-field radio pulsar PSR J1814-1744. A predicted consequence of this picture is that radio pulsars having surface magnetic fields greater than about 2x1014 G should not exist.     

矢量多边形栅格化的保积优化模型

矢量数据栅格化是地理信息系统中的基础问题,通常的矢栅转换化算法致力于保证矢量多边形在转换后的形状特征,而忽视了多边形面积的损益.提出了一种基于面积补偿优化原则的保积转换算法,根据多边形与其边界格元的空间关系特征,采用邻域补偿的原则确定边界格元属性,并对其进行全局优化平衡.数值实验表明,该算法不仅保证了栅格化后多边形面积变化最小,且对多边形的形状和空间结构具有一定的自适应性.     

MRCP在肝内外胆管梗阻中的临床应用

目的:评价磁共振胆胰管成像在肝内外胆管梗阻中的临床应用.方法:回顾分析49例磁共振水成像在胆胰管成像临床中的应用.使用GE1.5T超导型磁共振扫描仪,软件aw4.2,利用重T2使胰胆管显影并结合常规MR检查.结果:MRCP结合常规MR扫描,共49例.定位准确率100%,定性准确率91.8%.结论:MRCP结合常规MR扫描,能更好地显示腔内及腔外病变,更准确地定位、定性.     

boldmath Investigation of inter-molecular hydrogen bonding in the binary mixture (acetone + water) by concentration dependent Raman study and ab initio calculations

This paper reports that vibrational spectroscopic analysis on hydrogen-bonding between acetone and water comprises both experimental Raman spectra and ab initio calculations on structures of various acetone/water complexes with changing water concentrations. The optimised geometries and wavenumbers of the neat acetone molecule and its complexes are calculated by using ab initio method at the MP2 level with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Changes in wavenumber position and linewidth (fullwidth at half maximum) have been explained for neat as well as binary mixtures with different mole fractions of the reference system, acetone, in terms of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The combination of experimental Raman data with ab initio calculation leads to a better knowledge of the concentration dependent changes in the spectral features in terms of hydrogen bonding.     

经典平差模型的扩展

将经典测量平差的概括模型(附有等式限制条件的条件平差模型)扩展为附不等式约束的平差模型,同时将其定义为测量平差统一模型,并在一定的条件下实现这种平差模型与概括平差模型间的相互转换.在最小二乘平差原则下,作者结合虚拟观测方程处理不等式约束的思路,给出附不等式约束平差的最小二乘显式解,分析其统计性质,并修正传统测量平差结果的统一表达式.按本文所提方法,附不等式约束的平差问题,完全可以利用传统的平差方法和平差程序求解,方法简单可行.     

中小城市实施电子报批的总体方案研究

电子报批是规划管理部门实施信息化办公的一个重要方向和趋势,能够极大地提高规划管理部门办案的规范性、科学性、严密性和高效性。本文提出了中小城市实施电子报批的总体方案,并对系统建设的框架、功能、建设策略、实施模式等关键问题进行了深入地探讨。提出的策略和技术思路对中小城市实施电子报批有较好的指导意义。     

中国海水珍珠Mg、Fe、Zn和Mn含量变化及其对珍珠微观结构的影响

利用等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)对流沙湾优劣质珍珠中微量金属元素含量进行分析,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对两种珍珠的外表面与纵截面进行系统观察,采用785 nm激发波长对两珍珠的珍珠质层和棱柱层中无机相进行原位拉曼光谱测试。结果表明:劣质珍珠中Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn和P含量比优质珠高,珍珠层外表面文石晶体有序排列程度低;阶梯状珍珠层越致密、台阶厚度越薄,其珍珠质量越好。同一直径的珍珠,优质珍珠文石板片厚度较劣质珍珠薄,劣质珍珠棱柱层结构疏松,棱柱层比优质珠厚,劣质珠棱柱层中的方解石与杂质层影响了珍珠正常矿化过程。     

三沙市永兴岛低空风的变化

该文利用2003年3月—2011年12月三沙市高空气象探测站L波段雷达探空资料,分析了三沙低空风的变化特征。结果表明:三沙2006年3月—2011年12月高空气象探测站所测地面—1 500 m不同高度的风向变化大致相同,各层风中主要盛行NE、ENE、SSW风;静风出现最少,其次是NW、WNW、NNW风向;春季地面—1 500 m高度的风向分布为双峰形状,主要集中在NE-ENE、SSE-SSW,夏季、秋季、冬季地面—1 500 m高度的风向分布为单峰形状,夏季风向主要集中在SWSW,秋季风向主要集中在NE-E,冬季风向主要集中在NNE-ENE;地面—1 500 m的各层风中,地面平均风速最小,500 m低空平均风速最大;地面—500 m高度的风从夏季至冬季都逐渐增大,1 000~1 500 m从春季至秋季增大,冬季反而减小;地面—1 500 m平均风速11—12月份最大,3—4月份风速最小。     

Anoxia over the western continental shelf of India: bacterial indications of intrinsic nitrification feeding denitrification

Studies on the Arabian Sea coastal anoxia have been of immense interest, but despite its ecological significance there is sparse understanding of the microbes involved. Hence, observations were carried out off Goa (15 degrees 30'N, 72 degrees 40'E to 15 degrees 30'N, 72 degrees 59'E) to understand the processes that mediate the changes in various inorganic nitrogen species in the water column during anoxia. Water column chemistry showed a clear distinct oxic environment in the month of April and anoxic condition in October. Our study based on microbial signatures indicated that oxygen deficit appeared as a well-defined nucleus almost 40 km away from the coast during the oxic period (April) and spreads there after to the entire water column synchronizing with the water chemistry. Striking results of net changes in inorganic nitrogen species in nitrification blocked and unblocked experimental systems show that denitrification is the predominant process in the water column consuming available nitrate ( approximately 0.5 microM) to near zero levels within approximately 72 h of incubation. These observations have been supported by concomitant increase in nitrite concentration ( approximately 4 microM). Similar studies on denitrification-blocked incubations, demonstrate the potential of nitrification to feed denitrification. Nitrification could contribute almost 4.5 microM to the total nitrate pool. It was found that the relation between ammonium and total dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) pool (r=0.98, p<0.001, n=122) was significant compared to the latter with nitrite and nitrate. The occurrence of high ammonium under low phosphate conditions corroborates our observations that ammonium does not appear to be locked under low oxygen regimes. It is suggested that ammonium actively produced by detrital breakdown (ammonification) is efficiently consumed through nitrification process. The three processes in concert viz. ammonification, nitrification and denitrification appear to operate in more temporal and spatial proximity than hitherto appreciated in these systems and this gives additional cues on the absence of measurable nitrate at surface waters, which was earlier attributed only to efficient algal uptake. Hence we hypothesize that the alarming nitrous oxide input into the atmosphere could be due to high productivity driven tighter nitrification-denitrification coupling, rather than denitrification driven by extraneous nitrate.