Characterization of calcium deposition induced by Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 in BG11 culture medium

Calcium carbonate （CaCO3） crystals in their preferred orientation were obtained in BG11 culture media inoculated with Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 （inoculated BG11）. In this study, the features of calcium carbonate deposition were investigated. Inoculated BGll in different calcium ion concentrations was used for the experimental group, while the BGll culture medium was used for the control group. The surface morphologies of the calcium carbonate deposits in the experimental and control groups were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The deposits were analyzed by electronic probe micro-analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the surfaces of the crystals in the experimental group were hexahedral in a scaly pattern. The particle sizes were micrometer-sized and larger than those in the control group. The deposits of the control group contained calcium （Ca）, carbon （C）, oxygen （O）, phosphorus （P）, iron （Fe）, copper （Cu）, zinc （Zn）, and other elements. The deposits in the experimental group contained Ca, C, and O only. The deposits of both groups contained calcite. The thermal decomposition temperature of the deposits in the control group was lower than those in the experimental group. It showed that the CaCO3 deposits of the experimental group had higher thermal stability than those of the control group. This may be due to the secondary metabolites produced by the algae cells, which affect the carbonate crystal structure and result in a close-packed structure. The algae cells that remained after thermal weight loss were heavier in higher calcium concentrations in BGll culture media. There may be more calcium- containing crystals inside and outside of these cells. These results shall be beneficial for understanding the formation mechanism of carbonate minerals.     

红纤维虾形草(Phyllospadix iwatensis)种子形态及内部特征

海草床可以为海洋动物提供产卵、索饵、繁育等场所。目前, 海草床面积急剧下降, 其中我国关于虾形草属(Phyllospadix)海草的研究相对较少, 对于虾形草主要繁育载体种子的描述、显微观察和萌发过程方面存在较多空白。本研究以红纤维虾形草(Phyllospadix iwatensis)为研究对象, 对其生长环境、种子外部特征、内部结构、萌发过程等进行了定性定量描述。结果表明, 虾形草果实种子对于海洋环境有着外部形态与内部结构的适应性, 外部形态特点包括独特的果序和果实形状, 以及翅状结构和内侧鬃毛, 其中果序呈弯虾形, 平均长度3.4cm, 果实呈马掌形, 直径3~4mm, 内部结构特征包括胚乳占比大、果皮种皮解剖结构复杂等, 具有作为海岸带植被修复工具种的优势。本研究补充了目前对虾形草等海洋沉水植物种子的研究资料, 为虾形草海草种质库保护与海草床修复提供了建议和参考。     

Ulva and Enteromorpha (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) from two sides of the Yellow Sea: analysis of nuclear rDNA ITS and plastid rbcL sequence data

Ulvacean green seaweeds are common worldwide; they formed massive green tides in the Yellow Sea in recent years, which caused marine ecological problems as well as a social issue. We investigated two major genera of the Ulvaceae, Ulva and Enteromorpha, and collected the plastid rbcL and nuclear ITS sequences of specimens of the genera in two sides of the Yellow Sea and analyzed them. Phylogenetic trees of rbcL data show the occurrence of five species of Enteromorpha (E. compressa, E. flexuosa, E. intestinalis, E. linza and E. prolifera) and three species of Ulva (U. pertusa, U. rigida and U. ohnoi). However, we found U. ohnoi, which is known as a subtropical to tropical species, at two sites on Jeju Island, Korea. Four ribotypes in partial sequences of 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 from E. compressa were also found. Ribotype network analysis revealed that the common ribotype, occurring in China, Korea and Europe, is connected with ribotypes from Europe and China/Japan. Although samples of the same species were collected from both sides of the Yellow Sea, intraspecific genetic polymorphism of each species was low among samples collected worldwide.     

鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)固碳能力对流速的响应

流动的海水可以为海藻的生长提供所需的营养物质,对其生长和繁殖起到了非常重要的作用,而当前的生理生态学模拟实验,大多忽略了这一重要的环境因子.大型海藻虽然被认为是第4类"蓝碳",但关于其固碳能力的研究较少.本研究设计了一种可以调节流速的大型海藻固碳能力测量系统,既可以测量大型海藻的净光合速率、呼吸速率和对无机氮、无机磷的...     

雨生红球藻铁型超氧化物酶基因的克隆与序列分析

利用已报道的FeSOD保守区域,设计简并引物,通过简并PCR的方法获得了雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)FeSOD(HpFeSOD)cDNA的部分序列,然后采用RACE方法分别克隆到5′端和3′端。拼接后得到HpFeSOD cDNA全长,该基因全长为1 138 bp,ORF为684 bp,编码227个氨基酸。把已经得到的HpFeSOD序列推导成氨基酸序列与一些已知物种的FeSOD氨基酸序列相比较,雨生红球藻FeSOD与杜氏藻、衣藻、团藻、石莼、颤藻的同源性为89%、83%、78%、70%和63%。分子系统学分析表明,雨生红球藻FeSOD与杜氏藻FeSOD聚在一起,介于真菌与高等植物之间并且真核微藻FeSOD与高等植物的同源性更高,推测其在进化上与高等植物的亲源关系更近。     

海南省海洋牧场的建设思路与发展经营策略分析

近年来由于过度捕捞、环境污染、海洋工程开发等原因致使近海生态环境破坏、渔业资源持续衰退,严重影响到海洋渔业的可持续发展。作为未来生态渔业的主要发展方式之一,海洋牧场近年来受到了世界各国的重视,我国在海洋牧场建设方面已经积累了许多宝贵经验。文章从海南省建设海洋牧场具备的优势条件分析入手,分析了目前的建设现状与存在的问题,提出了海南省海洋牧场的建设类型及主要建设内容,并分析了发展经营策略,以期为海南省海洋牧场建设找到一条适合的发展道路,实现生态、经济、社会效益的协调、持续、快速发展。     

河南窑场铁矿床地球化学特征及其地质意义

通过对窑场铁矿床围岩和矿石的地球化学分析,得出本区条带状硅铁建造可能与海相火山沉积物有关,属于前寒武纪火山沉积变质型铁矿床范围,可进一步划分为火山岩-中酸性杂砂岩-硅铁质沉积建造.流体包裹体测温结果表明,含矿围岩中的包裹体均一温度集中在220～340 ℃之间,矿石中包裹体均一温度峰值为220～300 ℃,成矿流体具有低盐度[(w(NaCleq)为088%～1134%)]、低密度(066～099 g/cm3)特征.由激光拉曼探针分析可知,石英中气液包裹体具有较复杂的气液相成分,显示除水外,还具有较强还原性物质成分的特征峰值,表明整个成矿过程均处于还原环境.窑场铁矿床经历了前期含硅铁沉积物的沉积阶段和后期的区域变质作用阶段,变质成矿流体发生了不混溶现象,对成矿元素的富集起到一定的促进作用.     

海洋生物抗肿瘤活性肽

海洋未被利用的有效面积约为陆地的５～１０倍 ,海洋生物中９９ %的物种尚未被利用 ,随着现代生物技术和化学技术的应用 ,反相高效液相色谱、ＦＡＢ -ＭＳ、２Ｄ -ＮＭＲ、手性色谱等技术的发展 ,近年来对海洋生物活性肽 ,特别是抗肿瘤活性肽的研究取得了很大进展，本文将予以综述 ,并展望开发利用的前景。１抗肿瘤活性肽的来源１．１海藻藻类是海洋生物活性物质的重要来源。在已发现的海洋生物活性物质中４０．８６ %来自藻类［１］ ,而其它海洋生物中发现的活性物质有可能最初也来源于藻类。如最初从海绵（Ｈａｌｉｃｈｏｎｄｒｉａｏｄａ…     

藻类分子生物技术两年评──基因工程及其上游──分子遗传学

根据１９９２年１月－１９９４年６月国内外发表资料，评述藻类分子遗传学和基因工程领域的最新进展。认为：两年来藻类分子遗传学发展迅速，经济藻类基因工程研究已经有所突破。藻类学研究正在进入分子时代，分子生物技术成为推动藻类学研究和藻类资源开发的新动力。