南海北部水层间及沉积表层细菌群落的比较分析

细菌群落在海洋生物地球化学过程中起着至关重要的作用。分析判别地理距离和环境条件等因素对细菌群落的影响,有助于理解环境变化如何驱动微生物多样性和功能的机制。通过细菌16SrDNA高通量测序的方法,对南海北部水层及沉积表层细菌群落多样性及空间分布进行比较分析,并检验环境因素、地理限制及海底深度等因素对微生物群落的影响。结果表明,约95%的细菌16SrDNA序列归属于γ-变形菌纲、厚壁菌门、蓝细菌门、α-变形菌纲等优势类群。沉积样本中的优势细菌类群主要与粒度、氮(N)等环境参数相关,而水体样本的优势细菌类群与取样深度密切相关。相关性检验结果显示,沉积样本的α-多样性指数与C有着显著的相关关系,而水体样本的α-多样性指数和β-多样性矩阵则显示与取样深度的显著相关;此外,地理距离和海底深度对β-多样性的影响并不显著,这可能与取样空间尺度有关。     

不同光生物反应器培养坛紫菜 丝状体的比较研究

Vegetative cells of Porphyra haitanensis sporophytes were grown in a bubble-column and a draft-tube internal-loop airlift bioreactor at 20℃ with an illuminance of 40μmol photons m-2 s-1 for 20days. The draft-tube internal-loop airlift bioreactor yielded maximum cell density of 4850mg DCW (Dried Cell Weight)/L and higher growth rate of 0.094/d, compared to the bubble-column, 3950mg DCW/L and 0.086/d, respectively. The advantages were related to the more homogeneous fluid dynamic characteristics in the draft-tube internal-loop airlift bioreactor than the bubble-column bioreactor.     

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of attached Ulvaceae species and free-floating Enteromorpha from Qingdao coasts in 2007

Based on the sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS) 1,5.8 S,and ITS 2,the molecular phylogeny was analyzed on Ulvaceae species collected from Qingdao coasts in summer of 2007,including 15 attached Ulva and Enteromorpha samples from 10 locations and 10 free-floating Enteromorpha samples from seven locations.The result supported the monophyly of all free-floating Enteromorpha samples,implying the unialgal composition of the free-floating Enteromorpha,and the attached Ulvaceae species from Qingdao coasts were grouped into other five clades,suggesting that they were not the biogeographic origin of the free-floating Enteromorpha in that season.     

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of attached Ulvaceae species and free-floating <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enteromorpha</Emphasis> from Qingdao coasts in 2007

Based on the sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1, 5.8 S, and ITS 2, the molecular phylogeny was analyzed on Ulvaceae species collected from Qingdao coasts in summer of 2007, including 15 attached Ulva and Enteromorpha samples from 10 locations and 10 free-floating Enteromorpha samples from seven locations. The result supported the monophyly of all free-floating Enteromorpha samples, implying the unialgal composition of the free-floating Enteromorpha, and the attached Ulvaceae species from Qingdao coasts were grouped into other five clades, suggesting that they were not the biogeographic origin of the free-floating Enteromorpha in that season. Supported by NSFC (40506030); the Innovative Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-209); Science & Technology Project of Qingdao City (06-2-2-12-JCH)     

雨生红球藻β-胡萝卜素酮化酶基因在莱茵衣藻叶绿体中的表达

雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)的β-胡萝卜素酮化酶是虾青素生物合成途径中关键酶之一,本研究通过基因枪法将克隆出的β-胡萝卜素酮化酶基因(bkt),转入莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)的叶绿体中,经过含100mg/L壮观霉素固体培养基筛选得到转化子。通过PCR和基因组酶切Southern杂交分析,证明bkt基因通过同源重组定点整合到转化子的叶绿体基因组中。进一步通过RT-PCR和RT-PCR Southern杂交分析,表明bkt在衣藻转化子中得到表达。     

耐高温酸性α-淀粉酶基因部分序列的克隆与分析

利用已报道的α-淀粉酶基因序列的保守区域设计引物,通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)获得了高温球菌Thermococcus sp. HJ21的耐高温酸性α-淀粉酶基因的部分序列。通过对该序列的同源性比较分析发现,高温球菌Thermococcus sp. HJ21与热水高温球菌Thermococcus hydrothermalis和Thermococcus sp. OGL-20P的亲缘关系最近,序列相似度达到95%以上;利用Swiss Model预测该基因产物的3级结构,显示其具有典型的(β/α)8桶状结构;通过分析密码子的使用情况得知,该α-淀粉酶存在着密码子的兼并性和使用的偏向性问题。     

红藻真江离质粒的发现

于１９９２年４月－１９９３年４月，用液氮研磨－苯酚／氯仿抽提－异丙醇沉淀的方法提取青岛沿海产紫菜，真江离，龙须菜，海膜４种红藻的总ＤＮＡ；利用Ｈｏｅｃｈｓｔ－ＣｓＣｌ密度梯度超离心法将叶绿体ＤＮＡ与核ＤＮＡ分开。对抽取的叶绿体ＤＮＡ梯度组分电泳结果表明，真江离样品出现质凿的电泳条带。以透射电镜观察到闭合环状ＤＮＡ图像；分子杂交结果显示，真江离质粒与其叶绿体ＤＮＡ之间没有同源性，而与核ＤＡＮ之间有一     

中国科学院海洋研究所海藻分子生物学与基因工程研究进展

海藻分子生物学从生物大分子的角度研究海藻的个体发育与系统发育，从分子水平上揭示海藻起源、进化及其生命现象、生命过程的规律、本质以及机理。中心法则是其主要研究思想。以基因的复制和突变演绎遗传、变异与进化；以基因的表达与调控解释代谢、分化与发育。用操作分子的手段研究、揭示生物学规律。海藻基因工程是在分子生物学理论基础上，通过重组ＤＮＡ技术人工构建栽培海藻新品种，以及实现海藻天然产物的基因工程生产［１］曾呈奎等在１９９０年召开的国际盐田生物技术研讨会上提出了海藻生物技术的概念是有目的地利用以及定向改造…     

胶州湾产蓝色素海洋链霉菌的初步研究

在胶州湾沿海采取泥样和水样,从中分离了300余株海洋链霉菌(marine Streptomyces),并对其生理生化性质作了初步研究,建立了胶州湾海洋链霉菌菌种库。在该菌种库中,约有3%的菌株可产生天然蓝色素。其中一株海洋链霉菌(marine Streptomycessp.)M259能够高产天然蓝色素。M259对绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas areuginosa)、隐球菌(Crytococcal meningitis)有较强的抑菌活性。对其生理生化性质进行了鉴定,结果表明它可以利用可溶性淀粉、甘油、蔗糖、甘露醇、葡萄糖、D-半乳糖、果糖、阿拉伯糖、肌醇、木糖、D-甘露糖、核糖等碳源;能利用大部分氮源,尤其对酵母粉的利用很显著;最适生长pH为7.0~7.4;最适培养温度为28~30℃。结果提示它属于蓝色类群,并与天蓝色链霉菌(Streptomyces cyanogenus)和产蓝链霉菌(Streptomyces ceolicolor)亲缘关系最为密切。此外还优化了M259的发酵培养基和培养条件,使得蓝色素在摇瓶条件下,OD590达到7.74。通过对M259所产蓝色素性质的研究,发现此色素水溶性较强,耐热性较好,在酸性条件下呈红色,在碱性条件下呈蓝色。此外,毒性实验的结果表明所提纯的蓝色素没有毒性,为进一步开发和利用该色素提供了可能。     

Erratum to: Molecular diversity of Enteromorpha from the coast of Yantai: a dual-marker assessment

<正>Erratum to:Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol.31 No.6,P.1210-1215,2013http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00343-013-3045-7The supporting grant information on the footnote of the original version of this article needs to be altered and updated.The new information is given below.