Fe（OH）3胶体与铜离子作用的研究

使用切向流超滤系统得到粒度较均匀的Fe(OH)3胶体,进而对Fe(OH)3胶体粒子与Cu2+的作用进行了研究,并将实验结果与南沙群岛海区表层水中铜与胶体物质结合状况的调查数据进行了比较分析,得到如下结果(1)在海水介质中,铜在Fe(OH)3胶体上结合的百分率(pH>5)随pH的升高而下降,随着Fe(OH)3胶体浓度的减小而下降.(2)在天然海水介质中,使铜在Fe(OH)3胶体上结合的百分率在50%-70%的有机物浓度为1.0mg     

海水中液—固界面的台阶型动力学曲线：Ⅱ.液膜扩散—递进扩散—界…

为定量解释海水中液－固界面的台阶型动力学曲线及其台阶的消长变化规律，在我们已提出的“液膜扩散和递进液膜扩散控制的复合模型”和“海水中液－固界面分级离子／配位子交换理论”基础上，吸取Ｃｒａｎｋ的若干数学处理方法，进而提出适合于非稳态体系的“液膜扩散－递进扩散－界面分级交换反应联合控制的复合模型”。     

海水中无机离子交换的互不相干作用 Ⅱ、海水中无机离子交换互不相干作用的理论解释和新的实验验证

在本论题的研究Ⅰ中,我们直接用实验验证了海水中铀、铬、镁和钙在水合氧化钛上离子交换的互不相干作用。但是,既然铬(Ⅲ)的K_1此铀(Ⅵ)要大10倍左右,铬(Ⅲ)的浓度又比天然海水条件下的大6000倍(也远比海水中铀(Ⅵ)的浓度要大),不发生离子竞争交换而表现为“互不相干作用”似乎是使人费解的,这就急需对离子交换的互不相干作用建立定量理论,对研究工作进一步作理论解释。此外,本文还报导若干新的实验验证结果。     

ANALYSIS AND DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF BENZOTHIOPHENE IN SEDIMENTS OF NANSHA ISLANDS SEA AREA

unomicrroNTherearereportedstudisoninorganicsulfurcomPoundsinrnarinesedtritS(Song,l99(),Stefan,l994),butfeWonorganicsulfurcomPounds.Itwasshownthatthroughoilspthe,mnoffandatmosphdriproasses,manyanthropogedcorganicsulfurcomP0undsrnaybethenspotalintothemarineenvirorstWheretheycanbeeventuallydePositalalongwithnatamlorganicstilfUrcomPoundsinseddritSraateSetal.,l979).ResearchesonorganicstilfurcomPoundsinrnarinesedirnentSareofpotentialenvirornnentalchdricalshoilicanceforhaherunderstandingofthege…     

Multilayer distribution of carbon dioxide system in surface water of the Yellow Sea in spring

Surface water can be divided into three layers from top downward: surface microlayer (SML, thickness≤50 μm), subsurface layer (SSL, ≈25 cm) and surface layer (SL, 1–5m), among which the SML plays an important role on sea-air interaction because of its unique physical-chemical property. Carbon dioxide system including DIC (dissolved inorganic carbon), Alk (alkalinity), pH and pCO2 (partial pressure of CO2) in multilayered waters of the Yellow Sea was studied for the first time in March and May 2005. The results show that: DIC and Alk are obviously enriched in SML. The contents of DIC, Alk and pCO2 become lower in turn from SML, SSL to SL, higher in March and lower in May, whereas for pH it was opposite. The relationship between DIC and Alk is clearly positive, but negative between pH and pCO2. Meanwhile, pCO2 and temperature/salinity is also in positive relation, pCO2 decreases with latitude increase. DIC and Alk show a similar variation trend with the maximum at 02:00–03:00, but pH and pCO2 show an opposite pattern. In addition, the distribution patterns are similar to each other in the three layers. The Yellow Sea is shown to be a sink of atmospheric CO2 in spring by two methods: (1) comparing pCO2 in seawater and atmosphere; (2) turning direction of “pH-depth” curve. Calculation on the base of pCO2 data in SML in four models shows that carbon flux in spring in the area was about -6.96×106 t C.     

THE INTRINSIC ACIDITY CONSTANTS AND SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA OF MARINE SOLID PARTICLES I. A NEW METHOD

This paper proposes a new method for determining the intrinsic acidity constants K and K The new method is a great improvement over the modified Langmuir plot method generally adopted in that determination of these constants is not dependent on the specific surface area S of the marine solid particles. The new method was used to determine K, K and S for the main inorganic components of marine solid particles, including illite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, goethite, y-AlOOH. amorphous ferric oxide, MnO2, manganite, SiO 2 and calcium carbonate, and can facilitate the study on the effect of solution constituents, solution temperature, ionic strength, etc. on the value of     

THE EFFECT OF AMINO ACIDS ON COPPER (Ⅱ)-GOETHITE ION EXCHANGE IN SEAWATER

In seawater, aside from metal elements and suspended particles, organic substances amount to about 500-2,000 ug carbon/1[8], which is not neglegible in comparison with that of minor metal elements. But in the study of the interaction of the three constituents (metal elements, organics, and suspended particles), theeffect of organics in seawater on the surface reaction of metal element--suspended particles has usuallybeen neglected. Recent theoretical research[1,11] confirmed the importance of the effect of organics inseawater on the surface reaction of metal element--suspended particles. Generally, the effect of organicson the reaction of metal ions, especially Cu(II), on a solid surface is either promotive[2] or inhibitive[7,9]. So far the fact that organics cannot affect the surface reaction of Cu(II) ions on solids has not been reported in literature. Our experimental results showed that none of the amino acids in seawater affect Cu(II)-goethite ion exchange under certain experimental condition (such     

Colloid‘s influences on microalgae growth as a potential environmental factor

The role of colloid as “colloid pump”in the ocean is well known. The important influence of colloid in seawater on the growth of microalga was found in our 1999--2000 study. Colloid concentrates were obtained by employing a cross-flow filtration system to ultrafilter seawater(which had been pre-filtrated by 0.45 μm acetate cellulose membrane) successively with different membranes. Ultrafiltration retentions (we called them colloid concentrates) together with control sample (seawater without colloid) were then inoculated with two species of microalgae and cultivated in selected conditions. Monitoring of microalgae growth during cultivation showed that all colloid concentrates had obvious influence on the growth of the microalgae studied. Addition of Fe(OH)3 colloid or organic colloid (protein or carbohydrate) to the control sample enhanced the microalgae‘s growth.     

STUDY ON THE ANALYSIS AND DISTRIBUTION OF DIMETHYL SULFIDE IN THE EAST CHINA SEA

A method is described for determining dimethylI sulfide (DMS) in seawater. DMS was first extractedfrom the seawater using organic reagent, then reverse-extracted by 5% HgCl2. In the laboratory DMS wasreleased by concentrated HCI and finally measured by GC-FPD. The limit of detection me O.05 ng ofS. Measurements of DMS along surface transects and on wtital profibe across the EaSt China Sca (Ers)continental sheif showed tha itS conodIations of S in the surface seawater ranged from 64-180 ng/L andthat itS vertical djstribuion was divided into 3 trpes. Model talculations of a stagnant film show a DMSflux of 10.6 umol/m_2d the air-sea inteIha.     

Determination of apparent sampling thickness of sea surface microlayer

IwrRODUtvIONTheseasurfacendcrolayer(SML)isathinair-seainterfacelayerwithphySical,chdricalandbiologicalproperties.OrganicmateriaIs,haceAnIs,nutrientS,particulatCrnat-terandplanktonaregenefallyenrichedintheSML(Hardy,JT.etal.,l98O,Wunams,P.M.etal.,1986).ThesamPlersforcolledingtheSMLwerernainlyglassplatespearvey,G.W.etal.,l972,l985;ZhangZhengbinetal.,l996),rotatingdrums(Harvey,G.W.,1966,Daumas,R.A.l976),screensgurmt,W.D.,l965,Piotrowicz,S.R.etal.,l972,Carison,D.J.,l982),funneIs…