卧龙自然保护区内海拔梯度上林窗如何影响植物多样性?（英文）

Understanding the underlying ecological processes that control plant diversity within(α-diversity) and among(β-diversity) forest gaps is important for managing natural forest ecosystems, and it is also a prerequisite for identifying the formation and maintenance mechanisms of forest plant communities. In this study, we focused on the interrelationships among habitat type(gap/non-gap plots), gap size, elevation and environmental factors, and we explored their effects on plant diversity(α-diversity and β-diversity). To do this, a total of 21 non-gap(i.e., closed canopy) plots(100 m2) and 63 gap plots, including 21 with large gaps(200–410 m2), 21 with medium gaps(100–200 m2) and 21 with small gaps(38.5– 100 m2),were selected along an elevational gradient in a subalpine coniferous forest of southwestern China. Using structural equation models(SEMs), we analyzed how forest gaps affected plant diversity(α-diversity and β-diversity) along an elevational gradient. The results showed that(1) as elevation increased, unimodal patterns of α-diversity were found in different-sized gaps, and β-diversity showed a consistent sinusoidal function pattern in different-sized gaps. The gap size was positively related to α-diversity, but this effect disappeared above 3500 masl. Moreover, the patterns of α-diversity and β-diversity in non-gap plots were irregular along the elevational gradient.(2) SEMs demonstrated that many environmental factors, such as the annual mean air temperature(AMAT), ultraviolet-A radiation(365 nm, UV-A365), ultraviolet-B1 radiation(297 nm, UV-B297), moss thickness(MT), soil carbon/nitrogen ratio(C/N ratio), NH4-N and NO3-N, were significantly affected by elevation, which then affected α-diversity and β-diversity. The photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD), UV-A365 and UV-B297 were significantly higher in plots with forest gaps than in the non-gap plots. Moreover, the PPFD and UV-A365 were positively and directly affected by gap size. Surprisingly, except for the NH4-N and the C/N ratios, the below-ground environmental factors showed little or no relationships with forest gaps. All of these effects contributed to plant diversity. Overall, the above-ground environmental factors were more sensitive to gap-forming disturbances than the below-ground environmental factors, which affected α-diversity and β-diversity. The predicted pathway in the SEMs of the elevational effects on α-diversity andβ-diversity was relatively complicated compared with the effects of forest gaps. These results can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms driving the diversity-habitat relationship in the subalpine coniferous forests of southwestern China.     

扎龙湿地研究进展

湿地是陆地生态系统生态过程的重要组成部分,扎龙湿地作为世界最大的芦苇湿地,正处于全球变化的敏感区域,总结了2000年以来扎龙湿地的土地覆盖、湿地环境、生态评估等方面的研究成果,并提出了其中存在的问题和未来发展趋势。结果如下:(1)扎龙湿地土地覆盖研究以遥感手段为主,从景观生态学角度研究认为,核心湿地趋于破碎,土地利用趋于多样化和均匀化,湿地景观完整性较差,有湿生景观向旱生景观转变的趋势,但湿地整体仍处在稳定状态;(2)近几十年来的湿地退化造成土壤有机碳流失严重;(3)湿地在自然条件下的蓄水量呈下降趋势,天然补水量小于生态需水量,而且水体已呈现出富营养化状态,个别水体重金属元素的污染已达到极强的潜在生态危害程度;(4)自然因素对扎龙湿地的总体变化影响显著,但人类活动对一些典型区域的退化起主导作用;(5)扎龙湿地研究近期应注重长时间序列湿地监测资料的积累和遥感研究工作,在耦合水文、生态、气象、土壤等多环境因素下,开展湿地生态系统功能参数的定量研究、湿地生态服务价值研究和管理决策支持系统构建,以及探讨定量方式在扎龙湿地生态系统变化分析中的应用。     

利用综合地球物理资料研究大庆探区外围绥芬河七星镇剖面构造特征及油气远景

通过分析绥芬河-七星镇(简称DB3) 地球物理剖面的位场异常和一阶导数特征, 在波数域利用重力归一化总梯度及相位法进行计算并划分出12条主要断裂。利用频率域的线性反演法计算了盆地基底深度, 并划分出绥阳隆起、敦密断陷、穆棱隆起、鸡西盆地、那丹哈达隆起、勃利盆地、七台河隆起、北兴坳陷和七星镇隆起区, 剖面的重力基底深度为0.9～3.8 km。综合重力和大地电磁测深结果对剖面的9个构造分区进行分析, 并推断敦密断陷内部、鸡西盆地中部和勃利盆地南部分布有3 个油气远景区。     

寻找神秘毛发的主人

在中国辽阔的土地上,有一个神秘的地方——神农架。 众所周知,笼罩着在这片土地上的,不仅是一望无际的原始森林,不仅是美轮美奂的自然风光,还有许多至今仍然无法解释的谜团。神农架从不缺少传说,从不缺少故事,对于许多人来说,神农架的另一个名字叫“神秘”。     

国家发展改革委秘书长杨伟民：用“9＋1”政策体系促《规划》落地

《全国主体功能区规划》统筹谋划了未来国家和不同区域人口分布、经济布局、国土利用和城镇化格局,将国土空间划分为优化开发、重点开发、限制开发和禁止开发四类,确定了主体功能定位,明确了开发方向,也将控制开发强度,规范开发秩序,完善开发政策,     

成都市新都镇傍河地下水自净规律研究

饮马河水质对新都镇地下水，尤其是近岸地下水有明显的污染作用，本文通过典型地段的水质研究，探讨了地下水的自净规律，初步确定河水对地下水的污染范围至少为１３２ｍ，为防治地下水污染提供了科学依据。     

恭城重拳出击直捣非法矿法

2007年11月8日，恭城瑶族自治县组织公安、武警、消防、国土、环保、监察、安监、工商、电力、经贸等部门人员120多人，赶赴该县栗木锡矿老矿区进行拉网式整治行动，沉重打击在该矿区内进行非法采矿、选矿的行为。     

云+端模式的移动警务管控平台设计与警务生态圈应用

针对公安移动警务执法工作中如何保证移动终端数据存储和传输安全、如何保证警务应用开发的高效快捷、如何监管移动警务应用和终端设备、如何更好支撑警务指挥等实战应用等几大难题,提出了利用移动互联、云计算、空间信息和无线通信等技术,构建一套 "云+端"一体化的移动警务管控平台和全生态链应用的系统架构和技术路线,研究了面向云服务结构的移动中间件模型、复合移动终端跨多级网络信息共享、融合导航与实战的单兵软件、多图指挥调度应用等关键技术,提高了终端安全管控、应用灵活扩展和协同指挥作战的能力和效率。最终在武汉、广西和江西等地公安部门进行应用与实践,取得了初步成效和战果。     

警用无人机空中实时图像侦察系统的设计与应用

对公安领域空中侦察手段不足的现状和问题,提出了利用无人机搭载专业任务载荷方式通过无线电实时回传图像的空中侦察指挥体系模式,设计了警用无人机空中侦察体系与公安扁平化指挥体系进行功能融合和信息共享的总体架构,介绍了无人机飞行器设计理念、飞行控制导航流程以及地面控制系统功能等内容。重点描述和解决了基于图像分析的动态目标跟踪的核心算法和关键问题,阐述了利用信标定位驱动无人机以及无人机侦察数据与公安业务融合应用的技术路线。最后总结了无人机数据在3G网络下使用环境受限和传输延迟等问题,提出了无人机在公安应急测绘方面的新应用方向。