臭氧化消毒技术在海水消毒中的应用

本文从理论出发，通过大量的小型模拟实验，确立了海水流量、臭氧投加量、消毒时间三者的关系，从而制定了利用臭氧进行海水消毒净化工程的工艺流程。又经过实际工程的验证，其工艺流程是可行的，结果优于设计要求，从而创立了国内第一家利用臭氧进行海水消毒净化的优质工程，为沿海城镇以海水替代淡水提供了一个新的途径。     

On the monitoring of the thermal state of the upper ocean

This paper discusses some problems related to the development of systems of global monitoring of the sea surface temperature (SST). The characteristics of the operational SST data are considered and estimations of their accuracy are given. The applications of varoous models to the computation of SST in relation to the development of an oceanographic data assimilation system are reviewed briefly.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

均匀水底上二维随机波面的二阶谱

本文用摄动方法导出了均匀水底上精确至二阶的二维随机波动解。依据此解并将二阶谱定义为三阶矩函数的Fourier变换,首次给出了精确至二阶的二维随机波面二阶谱的理论表达式并简略地考虑了它的各个组成部分的物理意义。     

贻贝育苗中不同饵料的饲养效果比较

培育双壳类软体动物幼苗所需的饵料，是指池内培育阶段适合于幼虫和幼苗(壳长一般在1mm以下)的饵料。育苗成功的关键问题之一为是否已经选择到这样的饵料。自40年代找到适宜的饵料生物以后，双壳类幼虫的培养才取得较明显的成效。以往利用过的一些饵料生物巳有文献系统记载。我国贻贝人工育苗是在分离与培养出扁藻以后才获得成功的。随着研究工作的深入以及适应各种不同情况的需要，采用的饵料种类越来越多样化。从生产性育苗特别是多茬育苗考虑，必须因地制宜地筛选出一定种数的饵料，以便在不同培养条件下有机动选择的余地。同一时还应找出适宜的投饵数量，以求取得较好的育苗效果。为此目的，我们于1975-1978年结合生产性育苗的需要进行了一些饵料饲养实验。本文根据实验结果以及多年来生产性育苗的实践，对贻贝育苗的饵料问题进行总结，侧重于不同饵料的饲养效果比较。     

Sea ice characteristics between the middle Weddell Sea and the Prydz Bay, Antarctica during the austral summer of 2003

The antarctic sea ice was investigated upon five occasions between January 4 and February 15, 2003. The investigations included: (1) estimation of sea ice distribution by ship-based observations between the middle Weddell Sea and the Prydz Bay; (2) estimation of sea ice distribution by aerial photography in the Prydz Bay; (3) direct measurements of fast ice thickness and snow cover, as well as ice core sampling in Nella Fjord; (4) estimation of melting sea ice distribution near the Zhongshan Station; and (5) observation of sea ice early freeze near the Zhongshan Station. On average, sea ice covered 14.4% of the study area. The highest sea ice concentration (80%) was observed in the Weddell Sea. First-year ice was dominant (99.7%-99.8%). Sea ice distributions in the Prydz Bay were more variable due to complex inshore topography, proximity of the Larsemann Hills, and/or grounded icebergs. The average thickness of landfast ice in NeUa Fjord was 169.5 cm. Wind-blown snow redistribution plays an important role in affecting the ice thickness in Nella Fjord. Preliminary freezing of sea ice near the Zhongshan Station follows the first two phases of the pancake cycle.     

几种养殖鲍同工酶生化遗传的比较研究

运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对我国主要养殖鲍(皱纹盘鲍、盘鲍及九孔鲍)12种同工酶(LDH、ME、MDH、GPI、PGM、IDH、IDDH、SOD、EST、ODH、ADH、AAT)26个基因座位进行了分析．结果表明：EST、PGM可以作为区分三种(亚种)鲍的生化遗传标记；在所分析的位点中，未发现多态现象，表明三种养殖鲍杂合子缺失严重，其主要原因可能在于哑基因、近交与自然选择。     

Current status of bacteriological parameters and DOC/POC in Xiamen coastal waters

The surface and bottom waters samples were collected from six locations in Xiamen western sea. The quantified estimation of bacterial production (3H-thymidine method) and observation of bacterial heterotrophic activity (14C-glucose method) have been made in order to have a better understanding of the role of marine bacteria and their activities. The results showed that the mean value of bacterial heterotrophic activity was 9×108 cells/(L.h) in the surface waters and 2.6×108 cells/(L.h) in the bottom waters. The mean value of bacterial production was 38×108 cells/(L.h) in the surface waters and 7.1×108 cells/(L.h) in the bottom waters. The relationship between bacterial production, heterotrophic activity, POC and DOC measured during this survey were discussed. The good understanding of the relationship between bacteria activity and total coliform was addressed.     

南海南部NS93-5孔沉积物磁化率特征及其对全球气候变化的记录

对南海南部长533cm的NS－93孔连续采取423块样品，测量低场下的质量磁化率。并间隔取样202块，测量ARM。通过与沉积层序、氧同位素和矿物特征对比分析，我们认为NS－93孔磁化率的变化主要受控于外源磁性矿物浓度的变化，其值的高低与沉积物中碎屑矿物的含量相关，与碳酸盐的含量反相关，说明碳酸盐矿物对磁性矿物浓度具有稀释作用。在磁化率特征变化曲线上，与氧同位素阶段和Heinrich变冷事件、D－O旋回有好的对应关系。磁化率的相对高值与氧同位素奇数阶段和气候的暖期相对应，而相对低值则与气候冷期对应。这一规律反映了东亚季风、大洋环流强弱和陆源碎屑输入对沉积物磁化率的控制作用。同时，从ARM和磁化率的关系分析，南海南部在氧同位素阶段6沉积时期处于相对稳定的环境，南面的Borneo海峡可能是封闭的。     

合浦珠母贝敌害生物嵌线螺的生物防治初探

从海南岛三亚海区11种常见的肉食性腹足类中，筛选出2种能捕食嵌线螺Cymatium但不危害合浦珠母贝Pinctada martensii的物种；织锦芋螺Conus textile和方斑东风螺Bab-ylonia areolata。将这2种腹足类作为嵌线螺的生物防治物种，对防止嵌线螺危害合浦珠母贝具有良好作用，但在珍珠贝养殖生产中将织锦芋螺作为嵌线螺的生物防治物种时，需要解决防逃问题，若将方斑东风螺作为嵌线螺生物防治物种，则需解决其生存的饵料问题。     

麻痹性贝毒PSP在紫贻贝体内的累积、转化与排出

于1998年9月在青岛鲁迅公园附近礁石区采集紫贻贝（Mytilus edulis)，采用实验室培养的方法，初步研究了塔玛亚历山大藻（Alexandrium tamarense,ATHK)产生的麻痹性贝毒（Paralytic Shellfish Poison,PSP)在其体内累积、转化与排出的规律。结果表明，在累积实验阶段，紫贻贝内脏的和肌肉中的PSP毒素含量均随实验时间的延长而逐渐增加，累积实验结束时，平均每只贝体内的PSP毒素含量为13.40nmol，毒性水平为12.24ugSTXEq/100g，紫贻贝内脏中的毒素含量远远高于肌肉，内脏中PSP毒素占贝体内PSP毒素总量的97.5%。在8天的排出实验阶段，贝体内的PSP毒素总量呈下降趋势，实验结束时，PSP毒素共排除了约50%，每天排除率约为9%。