A study on the focal parameters of Shidian M =5.9 earthquake sequences in 2001

On the basis of about 300 earthquake wave forms observed in the Shidian M _S=5.9 sequences on April 12, 2001 recorded in Kunming Digital Seismic Network, the spectra of shear wave have been used to estimate the focal parameters of these earthquake sequences. The results show that within the magnitude range of 1.5–5.3, the seismic moments are 10¹⁰–10¹⁶ N·m, the corner frequencies are 0.2–0.8 Hz, radii of the focal rupture are 200–2 500 m and the stress drops are 0.1×10⁵–20×10⁵Pa. Through the statistical analyses of variation of corner frequency f _c and stress drop Δσ with time, it is discovered that the average corner frequency of the foreshock sequences is obviously lower than that of the aftershock sequences. Contrarily, the average stress drops Δσ of the foreshock sequences are clearly higher than that of the aftershocks. It is considered that these variation characteristics of average corner frequency and stress drops before and after the main shock have index significance to the precursory information before a strong earthquake. The higher stress drops for the foreshock sequences show that the higher shear stresses have been stored in the area of main shock. After the main shock, most of the stresses have been released, so the aftershock sequences show a rupture process of lower stresses. Foundation item: Scientific and Technological Key Project of Yunnan Province (2001NG46)     

剩余电流保护装置应用探讨

本文从RCD的基本原理、主要作用入手,简要介绍了RCD在不同接地系统中的使用及一般选用原则,供同行们正确理解及使用RCD保护装置参考.     

贵州台江五河剖面灯影组顶部微体动物化石

贵州台江灯影组白云岩中发现了30～70μm的锥形微体动物化石,它们具有典型的锥管状、似几丁质壳壁和平行纤维结构等生物结构,可能分属软体动物Carinachitids、Arthrochites、Punctatus、Spondylotubus和似几丁虫类化石等5种类型。其中建立了一新属、种Spondylotubus taijiangensis Yang(gen.etsp.nov.)。在灯影组白云岩中这一类群的发现对研究前寒武纪寒武纪界线附近生物的多样性和生物地层,以及寒武纪生物大爆发都具有一定的科学意义。     

太原盆地地下水资源模拟研究

山西省太原盆地由于地下水长期超采,引发了地下水降落漏斗、地面沉降等环境地质问题。通过GMS建立地下水水流三维数值模型,基于模型预测了现状开采条件下地下水水位的变化趋势,并提出合理利用地下水资源的措施,为地下水资源的优化管理提供科学依据。     

海上风机吸力式桶形基础承载特性研究综述

风机基础作为海上风机整体结构的重要组成部分,承受着上部风机所受到的风浪流荷载,并且对风机的安全性及可靠性至关重要。吸力式桶形基础由于其安装简单和可重复利用等优点,在海洋平台基础中得到了广泛应用,并逐步应用于海上风机基础中。但由于海上风机与海洋平台在海洋环境中的荷载工况有一定的差别,仍需要通过对其承载特性研究现状进行全面认识,以实现吸力式桶形基础在海上风机基础中的可靠应用。文中通过总结和评价现有研究对桶形基础在不同土体条件以及荷载条件下进行试验及数值模拟分析得到的研究结果,综述了静荷载和循环荷载作用下砂土和黏土中的吸力式桶形基础的承载特性研究现状,以及海上风机吸力式桶形基础的相关研究。文章展望了目前应用于海上风机基础的桶形基础仍缺乏的研究,为海上风机吸力式桶形基础的可靠应用及后续研究提供重要参考。     

南海东北部内潮的模态结构和传播

The evolution of energy, energy flux and modal structure of the internal tides(ITs) in the northeastern South China Sea is examined using the measurements at two moorings along a cross-slope section from the deep continental slope to the shallow continental shelf. The energy of both diurnal and semidiurnal ITs clearly shows a～14-day spring-neap cycle, but their phases lag that of barotropic tides, indicating that ITs are not generated on the continental slope. Observations of internal tidal energy flux suggest that they may be generated at the Luzon Strait and propagate west-northwest to the continental slope in the northwestern SCS. Because the continental slope is critical-supercritical with respect to diurnal ITs, about 4.6 kJ/m~2 of the incident energy and 8.7 kW/m of energy flux of diurnal ITs are reduced from the continental slope to the continental shelf. In contrast, the semidiurnal internal tides enter the shelf because of the sub-critical topography with respect to semidiurnal ITs.From the continental slope to the shelf, the vertical structure of diurnal ITs shows significant variation, with dominant Mode 1 on the deep slope and dominant higher modes on the shelf. On the contrary, the vertical structure of the semidiurnal ITs is stable, with dominant Mode 1.     

基于耀斑改正的多光谱水深反演方法研究

利用WorldView-2四波段卫星数据和电子海图数据,基于改进的耀斑改正算法和双波段比值算法,反演获得了3处典型海域的浅水水深。通过不同海域、不同耀斑条件下水深反演实验,探讨了RED,NIR波段在典型四波段水深反演中的作用和影响,发现在双波段比值法水深反演中,引入RED+NIR波段进行耀斑改正处理,可以增加珊瑚、海藻等绿色物质覆盖海底的反射率,有效地提高该类海域的水深反演精度。基于耀斑改正的多光谱水深反演方法,适用于中轻度耀斑条件下,水质较清澈的浅海水深反演,可在国内外典型四波段卫星数据水深反演中推广应用。     

笠贝soxb、mox基因的鉴定及在足原基发育中的表达模式

足是软体动物最重要的器官之一,目前对其发育机制尚不了解。软体动物的足由神经和肌肉两部分构成,研究足部神经和肌肉系统在发育早期的的动态变化,对于了解足的形态建成机制具有重要意义。本文利用电镜研究了笠贝(Lottiagoshimai)足的早期发育过程。克隆了lgo-soxb和lgo-mox基因,整装原位杂交表明这两个基因分别表达在早期笠贝幼虫的神经外胚层和中胚层,可作为足发育过程的分子标记。不同发育阶段幼虫的原位杂交结果表明,神经外胚层和中胚层细胞在足发育的起始阶段尚未重叠,而在后续发育阶段,二者相向运动并重叠在一起。结果提示组成贝类足部的神经和肌肉细胞起源于早期胚胎不同的部位,在发育过程中逐渐互相接近并重叠,至担轮幼虫晚期共同作用形成足原基。本研究展示了足原基的早期形成过程,为深入研究软体动物足的发育机制提供了基础信息。     

三维实景地图生产与应用

实景地图近年来发展迅速,在日常生活中应用广泛,如旅游景点、宾馆、银行、政府服务中心等的空间位置查询、服务内容介绍等。实景地图的生产方法、生产流程有多种多样,产品质量参差不齐。目前,利用轻型无人机航空摄影系统实现三维全景地图生产,生产方式方便、高效且质量较好。该文介绍了生产三维实景地图的无人机系统及三维实景地图生产方法与过程,通过采用无人机系统实景地图的生产实例,讲述了实景地图应用现状、发展前景及存在的问题。     

Investigations into the thermal non-equilibrium of W UMa-type contact binaries

Traditionally, some physical details(e.g., magnetic braking, energy transfer, angular momentum loss, etc.) have to be taken into consideration during investigations into the evolution of contact binaries. However, the real evolutionary processes which usually contain several of these physical mechanisms are very complicated as a result of strong interaction between components. To avoid dealing with these factors, a linear relationship is applied to the temperatures of components. It is found that the higher the mass ratio(M_2/M_1) of a contact system, the weaker the deviation from thermal equilibrium.On this basis, a variation trend of fill-out factor(f) changing with mass ratio can be inferred, which is consistent with observations. Moreover, if we stick to this point of view, it should be natural that the number of semi-detached binaries in the predicted broken-contact phase of relaxation oscillations is less than the number in the contact phase.