Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the Bayanhushuo area,southern Great Xing’an Range,NE China: constraints from zircon U–Pb geochronological and geochemical data of volcanic and subvolcanic rocks

This study presents new zircon U–Pb geochronology, geochemistry, and zircon Hf isotopic data of volcanic and subvolcanic rocks that crop out in the Bayanhushuo area of the southern Great Xing’an Range (GXR) of NE China. These data provide insights into the tectonic evolution of this area during the late Mesozoic and constrain the evolution of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean. Combining these new ages with previously published data suggests that the late Mesozoic volcanism occurred in two distinct episodes: Early–Middle Jurassic (176–173 Ma) and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous (151–138 Ma). The Early–Middle Jurassic dacite porphyry belongs to high-K calc-alkaline series, showing the features of I-type igneous rock. This unit has zircon ε_Hf(t) values from +4.06 to +11.62 that yield two-stage model ages (T_DM2) from 959 to 481 Ma. The geochemistry of the dacite porphyry is indicative of formation in a volcanic arc tectonic setting, and it is derived from a primary magma generated by the partial melting of juvenile mafic crustal material. The Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks belong to high-K calc-alkaline or shoshonite series and have A₂-type affinities. These volcanics have ε_Hf(t) and T_DM2 values from +5.00 to +8.93 and from 879 to 627 Ma, respectively. The geochemistry of these Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks is indicative of formation in a post-collisional extensional environment, and they formed from primary magmas generated by the partial melting of juvenile mafic lower crust. The discovery of late Mesozoic volcanic and subvolcanic rocks within the southern GXR indicates that this region was in volcanic arc and extensional tectonic settings during the Early–Middle Jurassic and the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous, respectively. This indicates that the Mongol–Okhotsk oceanic plate was undergoing subduction during the Early–Middle Jurassic, and this ocean adjacent to the GXR may have closed by the Late Middle Jurassic–Early Late Jurassic.     

塔里木盆地塔中II区奥陶系油气差异性分布及其主控因素分析

为探求塔里木盆地塔中II区奥陶系油气水分布规律,对现有勘探成果及断裂、不整合面、构造背景进行分析,应用常规测井、地震及地化等多种方法开展研究。结果表明:塔中II区奥陶系油气分布在平面上呈现出"马鞍状"三分特征,东部塔中I号坡折带、西部塔中10号断裂带多分布气油比、干燥系数、硫化氢含量、含蜡量相对较高、密度相对较低的凝析气藏,两构造带之间的过渡带以挥发性油藏或油藏分布为主;油气在纵向上主要分布于层间不整合面以下300 m范围内。综合分析认为,不整合面纵向上控制了储层、油气藏的主体发育层位,平面上通过差异溶蚀作用造成的储层非均质性控制了油气的主要分布范围;断裂对储层物性具有明显的改善作用,形成有效的输导通道,控制了油气的充注强度及油气藏类型;斜坡背景上的局部构造高点控制了油气的差异分布,越靠近高点,油气越易富集。     

东沙隆起南缘第四系等深流沉积特征及成因机制

珠江口盆地东沙隆起南缘深水陆坡区（水深约900~2 600 m）是西北太平洋和南海水体交换的活跃区域,发育了类型丰富的等深流沉积体,但等深流沉积特征和成因机制尚不明确,相关研究仍缺乏足够证据。通过区域地震资料和ODP1144站钻井数据分析发现,该区第四系地层中可识别5种深水底流成因的等深流沉积:涂抹形漂积体、伸长形-丘形漂积体、限制形漂积体、沉积物波以及席状漂积体。根据等深流沉积特征、发育类型以及分布范围,从陆坡到深海平原大致依次出现涂抹形漂积体、伸长形-丘形漂积体、限制形漂积体和席状漂积体,而具有波状沉积底形的沉积物波主要发育于陆坡区。东沙隆起南缘第四系等深流沉积的形成、演化受控于多种因素,其中主控因素包括:西北太平洋与南海中-深层水体的"双层"环流结构、科里奥利力的"右偏"效应、冰期-间冰期海平面升降所诱导的底流与重力流交互作用机制以及新构造运动时期火山活动对海底地貌的改造。     

Zircon U-Pb Geochronology,Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous A-type Granites in the Mikengshan Area,Southern Jiangxi ProvinceEI北大核心CSCD

In the Mikengshan-Yanbei area, a special region for the tin mineralization in South China, there are some Yanshanian granites and porphyries and associated porphyry tin deposits (e.g., Yanbei). Although the tin mineralization is closely associated with the granitoids magmatism, the age and petrogenesis of the granites remain controversial. The Mikengshan pluton, which intrudes into the rhyolitic tuff and pyroclastic rocks of the Upper Jurassic Jilongzhang Formation, is the largest one in Mikengshan-Yanbei area and mainly consists of K-feldspar bearing granites. In this study, we report new age and geochemical data for the Mikengshan K-feldspar bearing granites. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age dating shows that they were generated in the Early Cretaceous (~138 Ma). They have high SiO2 (74.42% to 76.69%), low Al2O3 (12.39% to 13.49%) and Mg# (11 to 19), and negative Eu, Sr and Ba anomalies, and are rich in potassium (most K2O/Na2O=1.37 to 1.94) and high field strength elements (HFSEs), and are weakly peraluminous (A/CNK=1.03 to 1.1) with high 10000×Ga/Al ratios (3.46 to 4.96) and slightly high zircon saturation temperatures (807 ℃ to 817 ℃), showing the characteristics of the typical A-type granites. Moreover, they have high Rb contents 842×10-6 to 1295×10-6, Rb/Sr (90 to 255) ratios and show rare earth elements (REE) tetrad effect, which are similar to those of high fractionated granites. Thus, we suggested that the Mikengshan K-feldspar bearing granites are high fractionated and aluminous A-type granite. Their slightly high εNd(t) values (-3.4 to -4.6) indicate that the mantle components should have played a role during their formation. Taking into account regional igneous rocks and tectonic setting data, we suggest that the Mikengshan K-bearing granites were formed in an extensional setting, which was probably related to the roll-back of the subducted Paleo-Pacific plate. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.     

黔西南"断控型"金矿床的找矿模式与勘探评价方法——以丫他金矿床为例

黔西南地区以丫他、烂泥沟、百地等为代表的"断控型"金矿床地处深水槽盆浊积岩沉积建造,其中烂泥沟金矿床埋深达1000m且尚未圈闭,显示了该类型矿床巨大的深部隐伏矿找矿潜力.本文基于丫他幅1∶5万矿产地质调查和以丫他金矿为典型矿床的大比例尺找矿方法试验成果,分析了本区"断控型"金矿床的地质和成矿特征,对比研究了地质、物探、化探、遥感多尺度组合异常特征,总结了"断控型"金矿床的勘探找矿模式、靶区优选依据和定量预测评价要素,并利用成矿地质体参数法对丫他金矿床及外围0～2 km深度的潜在资源量进行了定量估算.研究结果认为区域性深切断层及其浅表贯通的次级断层、裂隙网络是该区重要的控矿要素之一,不同尺度、不同组合的物化遥异常对各级别构造的规模、产状等存在响应关系.对丫他金矿床外围及其深部的资源潜力进行了定量评价,预测0～2000 m空间仍存在约112.983 t的金资源潜力.化探、遥感浅表组合异常和区域重力、电法剖面相结合的勘查技术方法,能够为本区找矿靶区的优选提供多学科交叉证据支撑,其勘探技术、评价方法值得在黔西南其他找矿远景区推广,能够为后续商业性开发投入指明方向、减少风险.     

扬子西缘东川落雪地区元古宙地层中3890 Ma锆石的发现

利用LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测定技术,在扬子西缘滇中东川地区古元古界阿不都组流纹质玻屑熔结凝灰岩中发现了1颗冥古宙锆石,锆石具有明显的核-幔-边结构,其核部的207 Pb/206 Pb年龄为3890±47 Ma,此年龄被解释为岩浆结晶,Th/U比值为0.34;变质边的207 Pb/206 Pb年龄为3561±45～3616±55 Ma,Th/U比值为0.07～0.19.锆石的原位Hf同位素测定给出了176 Hf/177 Hf=0.280317～0.280451,εHf(t)=-4.6～0.6(平均值为-2.5),TDM1=3861～3980 Ma,TDM2=4036～4106 Ma(平均值为4059 Ma).这颗锆石为扬子陆块目前发现的最老锆石,其Hf同位素及微量元素特征说明扬子陆块存在4.0 Ga的地壳增生作用及古老陆壳的再循环;结合前人同位素研究资料,说明扬子西缘东川落雪地区元古宙时同华北陆块可能具有亲缘性;本次的发现,为扬子陆块寻找冥古宙和始太古代物质实体提供重要依据,也为认识地球早期大陆演化过程提供了重要新信息.     

The nonlinear time lag multivariable grey prediction model based on interval grey numbers and its application

Natural Hazards - The linear relationship of the original grey prediction model is too single, and the original grey prediction model does not consider the time delay of the effect of the current...     

塔里木盆地塔中志留系柯坪塔格组物源示踪:碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

目前对塔中志留系物源的认识仍存在不确定性.利用LA-ICP-MS分析技术对塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组2件样品开展碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果表明塔中志留系碎屑锆石主要为岩浆结晶成因,锆石年龄主要分布在早古生代460~490 Ma、新元古代760~1 000 Ma、古元古代1 600~2 200 Ma及新太古代晚期-古元古代早期2 400~2 600 Ma四个时期,其中新元古代760~1 000 Ma碎屑锆石年龄占绝对优势（56.8%）,峰值~850 Ma.结合志留纪时期塔里木板块南北缘的板块动力学背景,通过盆内构造演化及地貌特征的分析以及和潜在源区锆石年龄的详细对比,确定塔中志留系碎屑锆石主要来源于塔里木盆地西南缘的铁克里克隆起构造带.      

基于重磁数据梯度比值的深度学习技术实现场源位置反演方法

场源中心位置的计算是重磁数据反演的主要任务之一,现主要通过异常与场源位置之间的数学物理方程来估算地质体的位置.为了快速、准确获得地质体的位置信息,提出基于重磁梯度比值的深度学习技术实现场源位置的获取;其利用深度学习技术所建立的重磁梯度比值水平分布与地质体埋深、构造指数的关系,快速实现异常场源位置计算,且提出利用多个值的相互关系来更加准确、稳定地计算出地质体的信息.该方法可以计算复杂地质体的中心位置,且避免了以往线性方程反演方法需对结果进行筛选的复杂过程,对于存在剩磁的磁异常则采用解析信号的深度学习方法来进行位置反演.理论模型试验证明利用梯度比值的深度学习方法可以准确获得地质体的深度,且通过对比更多点的深度学习计算结果发现,采用多个不同比例极值点可以减弱噪声带来的干扰,从而得到更加准确的位置.最后将该方法应用于实测磁异常的反演工作,获得了地下磁性物体的中心位置,且计算结果与欧拉反褶积法相接近,因此该方法具有良好的实用性.      

中国晚泥盆世至早三叠世楔叶类植物多样性研究*

化石类群的分类单元多样性和形态多样性变化是生物宏演化的2个基本方面,而以往的研究对于后者的关注较少。晚古生代的楔叶类植物易于识别,化石记录丰富,但针对这一类群多样性演化的研究还较为缺乏。基于华北板块、华南板块晚泥盆世至早三叠世楔叶类植物属、种以及叶片形态编码数据库,对楔叶类植物宏演化历程进行详细研究。中国(华北板块和华南板块)楔叶类植物的属、种丰富度在晚古生代呈现出不稳定的持续增长,表现为晚泥盆世的初始兴盛、早石炭世杜内期至早二叠世萨克马尔期的缓慢上升、早二叠世萨克马尔期至晚二叠世吴家坪期的快速上升;晚二叠世长兴期,总体的属种多样性骤减;每百万年属种多样性在二叠纪—三叠纪之交亦有明显降低。华南板块楔叶类植物的属种多样性总体上小于华北板块,达到峰值的时间为卡匹敦期—吴家坪期,而华北楔叶类植物的属级多样性在空谷期—沃德期达到峰值。中国楔叶类植物叶片的形态多样性的剧烈变化与属种丰富度并不同步,表现为法门期至韦宪期较小,在宾夕法尼亚亚纪达到峰值,随后稍微下降并在二叠纪的大部分时段保持平稳。在晚古生代的叶片形态演化过程中,楔叶类植物的叶面积由小变大、叶片由深裂至不裂、叶尖形状由分裂变为圆形或钝圆、叶轮中的叶从大小相等到大小不等并出现叶镶嵌,这可能与当时植物群落中林下层光照强度的变化有关。