“Tripoli”的含义及译名的讨论

“Tripoli”是一种新型的石英质工业矿物原料,在我国长期被误译为硅藻土,影响地质部门对这一新矿种的认识和寻找。本文追溯了“Tripoli”一名的由来,正确地阐述了“Tripoli”的本质特征,分析了在国内文献中长期被误译的根源,指明了其正确含义,并建议废除各种不正确的中译名,译为“粉石英”。     

高原大地形及海洋热力强迫对东亚及北半球环流和气候变化影响的观测研究

本文总结了“青藏高原大地形及西太平洋暖池势力强迫对东亚及全球气候变化的影响”专题五年来的主要研究工作。其中包括青世故高原东部大气热源的时间演变特征,夏半年高原热源异常对我国降水和北半球环流的影响;西沙海温变化特征及其与我南方降水的关系,北太平洋海温主因子特征及其与华南前汛期降水的变化。     

Analysis of 2-d flare spectra: Velocity fields derived from Hα line asymmetries

We derive a time series of two-dimensional velocity fields for a flare region on 1992 December 16, based on the asymmetries of the H line. The H spectra were obtained by an imaging spectrograph at the Solar Tower Telescope of Nanjing University. Four sites with evident chromospheric downflows are found to appear and decay consecutively in the studied region. The value of maximum velocities is 30–40 km s^–1 and the lifetime of downflows is 2–3 min at these sites. It is also shown that the asymmetries only exist at the line wing, while the line center has nearly no shifts for this flare. Finally, we make a discussion on the characteristics of the velocity distribution and its correlations with the intensity distribution, as well as with the hard X-ray emission.     

Linear current instability in loop prominences

By use of the dispersion equation given by Song, Wu, and Dryer (1987) for a cylinder plasma with mass motion and gravity included, we investigate the linear current instabilities developed in loop prominences. The results indicate that the mode of linear instability depends mainly on whetherv _s ² > or not, wherev _s is the sonic velocity at heightz, =GM/(R +z) is the gravity potential,G the gravitational constant,M andR the mass and the radius of the Sun respectively. Ifv _s ² > , then the sausage instability will be dominant. Otherwise, the kink instability will be more important. A possible explanation of knot structure, which appears sometimes in solar loop prominences has been given.     

云南省禄劝县开发方向的初步研究

云南省禄劝县隶属昆明市辖区,是一个国家级扶贫开发重点县之一.境内河流众多,水资源丰富,但地表切割强烈,山高谷深,坝地仅占总面积的1.6%,复杂的地貌条件严重制约了县域经济的发展.从禄劝县资源优势出发,变劣势为优势,提出发展生态种植业,生态养殖业和生态林果业的持续农业发展方向,使禄劝县发展成昆明市的菜篮子基地,为农民脱贫致富,增加收入提出了一条切实可行的路子.     

钻孔灌注桩缺陷桩处理实践

在颍河特大桥桩基施工中灌注35号墩-1桩基时，混凝土输送泵出现故障造成浇注中断，桩基检测时发现缺陷，采用旋喷压浆技术进行处理，经检测合格。对采用旋喷压浆处理桩基缺陷的全过程进行了介绍，并对施工中出现的技术问题进行分析。     

顶管施工中顶力与顶程关系及其影响因素分析

以上海某长距离急曲线顶管工程为例，通过现场实测4节管段顶进过程中的顶力，研究了顶力随顶程的变化规律，系统分析了顶进过程中顶力的主要影响因素，得到了一些有用的结论。     

基于ASTER影像的近海水产养殖信息自动提取方法

水产养殖地已经成为海洋环境监测的热点目标之一。采用具有高光谱分辨率和较高空间分辨率(15m)的ASTER遥感影像,以九龙江河口地区为研究示范区,进行近海水产养殖信息的自动提取方法研究。结果表明,利用ASTER影像的光谱信息和水产养殖地的纹理结构信息,可以实现近海水产养殖地的自动提取。先利用监督分类方法提取混淆有其他水体的水产养殖信息,采用邻域分析来增强水产养殖地的空间纹理信息。通过综合监督分类和水产养殖地空间纹理增强的结果,在专家决策分类器中建立决策规则,进行水产养殖地的自动提取,提取的精度达93%。     

The research of phosphorus of Xiangxi River nearby the Three Gorges, China

The Xiangxi River is the first middling tributary of the Changjiang River near the Three Gorges Dam. The River is subject to phosphorus pollution mainly from industrial wastewater. As the water quality of the Xiangxi River could directly influence the water quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the research on phosphorus levels and its change in the sediment profile of the Xiangxi River could provide useful information in the dynamic changes in the system, thereby offering options for mitigative measures. Water and sediment samples from lower reaches of Xiangxi River were collected and the different forms of phosphorus in sediments of the Xiangxi River were studied. The concentrations of total phosphorus in sediment ranged from 757.67 to 1438.54 mg/kg. Inorganic phosphorus concentrations ranged from 684.63 to 1055.58 mg/kg. Phosphorus contamination was serious in some parts of the Xiangxi River. With an average concentration of 635.17 mg/kg, calcium-bound phosphorus is the main form among different inorganic phosphorus forms. Labile phosphorus and iron/aluminum-bound phosphorus measured 3.40, 0.05and 35.28 mg/kg, respectively. The mobilization potential of phosphorus of sediments was studied through adsorption and release experiments. The equilibrium concentration of phosphorus adsorption and release was around 0.1 mg/L. The initial concentrations of phosphorus in the overlying water and the sediments have obvious effect on phosphorus mobilization potential. In addition, the release rate of phosphorus in sediment increased with water depth.     

西北地区的自然环境类型

自然环境区划是国土规划的重要基础，是自然环境综合特征的基本反映.以西北地区的气候分区、地貌分区、植被分区（生态分区）为基础，将西北地区的自然环境类型划分为5个自然分区：阿尔泰-准噶尔区，塔克拉玛干-毛乌素沙漠区，青藏高原东北缘区，黄土高原区，秦巴山地与汉水谷地区.这5个区有完全不同的自然环境特征和资源优势特征，因而开发对策和环境对策是不同的，应予以分别对待.正确认识各区的自然环境特征，才能实现西北地区社会经济及环境的可持续发展。