MONITORING POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SEDIMENT POREWATER BY SPMD

A new mimic biological Semi-permeable Membrane Device (SPMD) introduced for sampling organic pollutants yielded satisfactory results when it was frrst used as a passive sampler to concentrate and determine 16 kinds of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by means of capillary GC on an HP 5890 GC-FID in coastal sediment perewater. The concentration of PAHs in sediment porewater for naphthalene(N), acenaphthlene(AL), acenaphthene (AE), fluorene (F), phenaphthene(P), anthracene(A), fluoranthene(FA), pyrene(Py), benzo[a]anthracene(B[a]A), chrysene(Chr), benzo[b] fluor- anthene(B[b]F), benzo[k]fluoranthene(B[k]F), benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P),indeno[1,2,3,-cd]-Pyrene(I[123]P), dibenz[a,h]anthracene(D[ab]A) and benzo[g,h,i] perylene(B[ghi]P) were:50.36, under detection limits(UD), 18.19, 8.41, 8.40, 1.44, UD, 8.01, 524.15, 168.47, 50.13,123.66, 63.48, 27.40, 82.04 and 58,81 ng/L, respectively.     

青岛仿刺参中3种海参皂苷的分离纯化及结构鉴定

对青岛产仿刺参体内皂苷类成分进行分离及结构鉴定,确定其皂苷的主要组成及比例。应用大孔树脂,正相硅胶柱层析和半制备型HPLC对青岛产仿刺参体内的皂苷成分进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。共分离并鉴定3种三萜皂苷类化合物,分别为Cladoloside B(1),Holotoxin A1(2)和Holotoxin B1(3)。青岛海域仿刺参体内的皂苷组成主要为Cladoloside B(1),Holotoxin A1(2)和Holotoxin B1(3),比例约为1∶4.5∶1.7。     

内湾沉积物生物硅化学测定法的实验条件探讨

对国内外已经建立的几种生物硅的测定方法进行简要的评述,并详细地对内湾沉积物中生物硅化学提取法的条件选取进行实验探讨,对低生物硅含量的内湾沉积物测定提出了较优的条件。     

黄茅湾河口沿程异常潮差：Ⅰ- 理论模型研究

依据水文年鉴资料,研究分析发现,黄茅海河口沿程潮差有先减小后增大的变化趋势,这与珠江口其他喇叭型口门有很大差别.调和分析表明,该区域主要受M2分潮的影响,M2分潮振幅的变化规律与潮差变化一致.因此,分别利用3个解析模型,讨论了河宽、摩擦和水深对沿程潮差的影响.结果表明,黄茅海沿程异常潮差的变化主要是由其截面面积和摩擦的共同作用造成的.     

细角螺的生殖系统组织学研究

应用组织切片技术对细角螺Hemifusus ternatanus性腺发育及生殖细胞发生进行研究.结果表明,细角螺为雌雄异体.精巢为多分枝管状腺,由生精小管和输精小管组成;精巢发育可分为4个时期,即增殖期、生长期、成熟期和休止期.精原细胞紧靠生精小管的基膜,由基膜向管腔依次排列着不同发育时期的生精细胞:初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子.精巢发育显示为多次性成熟、多次排精的方式.根据细胞的大小和所含卵黄颗粒的大小,卵母细胞发育过程分为繁殖期、生长期和成熟期;根据滤泡大小、结构、内含物的变化将卵巢的发育分成5个时期:增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期.最后对细角螺特殊个体的出现进行初步讨论.     

重要的海洋测绘成果——南海重磁异常图

在前人工作基础上,校正、处理、整合升华了1987~2007年的南海海洋重磁调查成果,编制完成南海空间重力异常图、南海磁力ΔT异常图两份基础图件,探索了南海磁力ΔZ⊥异常的处理方法,并且获得了可信的南海磁力ΔZ⊥异常图。成果证实,本文编制的南海重力测量图件、磁力测量图件与南海多波束测深测量的结果匹配,这三种地球物理的成果可以互为验证、互为补充,并且与拖网获得的岩石地球物理性质一致,说明所编制的南海海洋测绘图件可信。提出开展多兵种联合的海洋测绘工作建议,这是海洋测绘发展的方向,互为验证、互为补充的海洋测绘成果才能踏实用于海洋资源、海洋地质灾害预测、海防等领域的基础研究,才能为决策提供客观依据。     

Simulation of probability distributions commonly used in hydrological frequency analysis

Random variable simulation has been applied to many applications in hydrological modelling, flood risk analysis, environmental impact assessment, etc. However, computer codes for simulation of distributions commonly used in hydrological frequency analysis are not available in most software libraries. This paper presents a frequency‐factor‐based method for random number generation of five distributions (normal, log–normal, extreme‐value type I, Pearson type III and log‐Pearson type III) commonly used in hydrological frequency analysis. The proposed method is shown to produce random numbers of desired distributions through three means of validation: (1) graphical comparison of cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) and empirical CDFs derived from generated data; (2) properties of estimated parameters; (3) type I error of goodness‐of‐fit test. An advantage of the method is that it does not require CDF inversion, and frequency factors of the five commonly used distributions involves only the standard normal deviate. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

有限尺度李雅普诺夫指数与海表温度梯度相关性的初步分析

为了探究海表温度和海面高度之间的瞬时相关性,介绍了一种卫星测高数据的拉格朗日分析指数--有限尺度李雅普诺夫指数(Finite Size Lyapunov Exponent,FSLE),以黑潮延伸体区域的涡旋和南大西洋的亚南极锋为例,通过对观测、模式结果和融合产品结果的分析,探讨了该指数与海表温度梯度(Sea Surface Temperature Gradient,SSTG)之间的相关性。比较FSLE图像和SSTG图像发现,FSLE与SSTG均呈丝状结构,对海洋表层水体结构描述具有一致性,尤其在温度梯度大和地转流强的区域更为一致。二者的一致性要远好于其他常用方式,比如全流速、OW参数涡旋识别方法和Winding-Angle涡旋识别方法。不同区域FSLE与SSTG之间的相关性表现不同,黑潮延伸体区域相关系数存在显著的季节变化,而南大西洋亚南极锋区域季节内变化突出。     

Extension of high-order harmonics and generation of an isolated attosecond pulse in the chirped laser field

This paper theoretically investigates the high-order harmonic generation cutoff extension using intense few-cycle linearly chirped laser pulses. It shows that the cutoff of the harmonic can be extended remarkably by optimising the chirping parameters. The time-frequency characteristics of high-order harmonics with different chirping parameters are analysed by means of wavelet transform of the dipole acceleration. It also gives out the classical three-step model pictures of electron. By superposing a properly selected range of the harmonic spectrum, it obtains an isolated 65as pulse.