基于势流理论和OpenFOAM的耦合模型对多向不规则波浪的模拟

基于势流理论的数值水池可以快速计算波浪的传播及其对建筑物的作用,但是势流理论是基于波浪的无黏性假设的,而在工程中,通常需要在固体边界及波浪破碎的区域考虑黏性效应。针对基于求解Navier-Stokes方程的黏性水池计算量较大、速度较慢的缺点,采用耦合的方法模拟多向不规则波浪的传播,即在外域通过基于势流理论的数值水池产生多向不规则波浪,内域采用求解Navier-Stokes方程和流体体积法(VOF方法)对自由表面进行追踪,通过外域所提供的边界波浪,内域计算可以在较小区域进行计算,从而达到减少计算量、提高计算效率的目的。     

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷致密油储层纳米孔隙特征及其含油性

纳米技术在非常规油气致密储层微观孔隙结构表征、油气赋存等研究中发挥着重要的作用.以准噶尔盆地东部吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组致密油储层为例,综合运用高压压汞分析、场发射扫描电镜及纳米CT扫描等纳米分析技术,对吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密油储层微纳米孔隙特征与结构进行研究,并结合宏微观特征分析了原油在孔隙中的赋存状态.结果表明:吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组储层为中低孔、特低渗储层,孔隙以微纳米级为主,类型多样,主要有粒间孔（隙）、粒间溶孔、晶间孔及微裂隙等,纳米孔隙是吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组致密油储层主要储集空间之一,纳米孔隙中普遍含油,且多以吸附状态存在,赋存在纳米孔隙中的油气,改变了微米级孔隙是油气储层唯一微观孔隙的传统认识,是未来石油工业的发展方向.      

Trace fossils of an amalgamated storm-bed succession from the Jurassic of the Kachchh Basin,India:The significance of time-averaging in ichnology

The uppermost part of the Upper Bathonian Sponge Limestone member, Patcham Formation, of the Jhura Dome of Kachchh Mainland is a thickening-and shallowing-upward succession topped by medium-to thick-bedded hummocky cross-stratified grainstones deposited by storm waves. Occasionally, thin, commonly lenticular, intraclastic-bioclastic silty marl intercalations between the grainstones are highly bioturbated, in contrast to the grainstones, in which, for the most part, trace fossils occur scattered. Large exposures of bedding planes of the grainstones allow the detailed investigation of ichnological features, whereas the high density of traces in the soft marls precludes the identification of any ichnotaxa. Eighteen ichnotaxa have been recorded including Ophiomorpha, Thalassinoides, Taenidium, Gyrophyllites, Chondrites, Dactyloidites, Teichichnus, Bolonia, and Ancorichnus. Except for Ophiomorpha nodosa and Thalassinoides, which generally indicate moderate to high energy conditions and are the dwelling burrows of suspension-feeding to omnivorous crustaceans, the ichnotaxa represent a deposit-feeding behaviour of their producers and thus are characteristic of low-energy environments. The trace fossils form three ichnoassemblages characterized by(1) Ophiomorpha nodosa and Thalassinoides suevicus,(2)?Thalassinoides isp. A, Taenidium, and Bolonia lata,and(3) Ancorichnus. The dominance of traces of deposit-feeders in rocks indicative of high-energy events is counterintuitive and points to their non-contemporaneity. The sediments were deposited during brief highenergy events, whereas the trace fossils were produced when, after waning of storms low-energy conditions prevailed. This time-averaging is particularly pronounced in trace fossils that extend vertically downwards and may reach strata deposited under distinctly different conditions. Thus, environmental interpretations based on trace fossils should refer to colonisation surfaces rather than to the sediment surrounding the trace fossils. In the latter case, interpretations may be erroneous, especially when erosion subsequently destroyed sedimentary evidence of their original environment.     

间接DGM(1,1)模型在基坑沉降预测中的应用

选取某一基坑沉降监测点,该点11个周期的累计沉降量为近似非齐次指数增长序列,以Java为工具对该点进行编程计算,得到GM(1,1)、DGM(1,1)、间接DGM(1,1)3种模型的基坑沉降预测结果。对比分析发现,间接DGM(1,1)模型精度高于GM(1,1)和DGM(1,1)模型,其C值仅为0.01,且残差值增加缓慢,近似于一条水平线,实测值与预测值非常接近,适用范围广,弥补了另两种模型不能进行长期预测的缺憾。     

新疆卡鲁安硬岩型锂矿床成矿流体性质：来自He—Ar同位素证据

卡鲁安锂矿床位于新疆北部的阿尔泰造山带,是以锂辉石为主要矿石矿物的硬岩型锂矿床。前人对该矿床的岩石成因、成矿机制及构造背景已经有了初步的认识,但对该矿区内成矿流体的研究仍是空白,这将在一定程度上影响对矿床成因的认识。本文通过分析卡鲁安伟晶岩中锂辉石和石英流体包裹体He、Ar同位素组成,对成矿流体进行示踪研究。研究表明,含矿伟晶岩的n(3He) /n(4He) 为0. 25~3.19 Ra（平均0.97 Ra）,无矿伟晶岩与外围伟晶岩n(3He) /n(4He)为0.13~5.32 Ra（平均1.13 Ra）,均介于壳源与幔源He之间。根据成矿流体的壳幔二元混合模式进行计算：含矿伟晶岩中的地幔流体比例为3.55% ~ 48.92%,平均值为14.67%;无矿伟晶岩与外围伟晶岩地幔流体占比为1.70% ~ 81.79%,平均值为17.13%。含矿伟晶岩成矿流体的n(40Ar) /n(36Ar)为552.50~13353. 00,n(40Ar*)相对含量为46.52% ~ 97.79%,平均值为87.25%,大气的Ar贡献平均为12.75%。分析结果显示,成矿流体主要以壳源流体为主,部分幔源流体和改造型饱和大气水的混合流体,随着成矿作用的进行,地幔He与大气饱和水改造Ar皆有所减少。值得注意的是卡鲁安锂矿床成矿流体中幔源物质并非真的来自于地幔物质上侵,更有可能是来源于元古代的不成熟陆壳熔融。新疆卡鲁安锂矿床形成于陆—陆碰撞造山作用晚期的后碰撞造山阶段,造山后期的伸展导致含幔源物质的古老地壳与年轻地壳减压熔融,熔融所形成的岩浆流体随后经大气降水改造为成矿流体。     

新疆卡鲁安硬岩型锂矿床成矿流体性质：来自He—Ar同位素证据

卡鲁安锂矿床位于新疆北部的阿尔泰造山带,是以锂辉石为主要矿石矿物的硬岩型锂矿床。前人对该矿床的岩石成因、成矿机制及构造背景已经有了初步的认识,但对该矿区内成矿流体的研究仍是空白,这将在一定程度上影响对矿床成因的认识。本文通过分析卡鲁安伟晶岩中锂辉石和石英流体包裹体He、Ar同位素组成,对成矿流体进行示踪研究。研究表明,含矿伟晶岩的n(3He) /n(4He) 为0. 25~3.19 Ra（平均0.97 Ra）,无矿伟晶岩与外围伟晶岩n(3He) /n(4He) 为0.13~5.32 Ra（平均1.13 Ra）,均介于壳源与幔源He之间。根据成矿流体的壳幔二元混合模式进行计算：含矿伟晶岩中的地幔流体比例为3.55% ~ 48.92%,平均值为14.67%;无矿伟晶岩与外围伟晶岩地幔流体占比为1.70% ~ 81.79%,平均值为17.13%。含矿伟晶岩成矿流体的n(40Ar) /n(36Ar)为552.50~13353. 00,n(40Ar*)相对含量为46.52% ~ 97.79%,平均值为87.25%,大气的Ar贡献平均为12.75%。分析结果显示,成矿流体主要以壳源流体为主,部分幔源流体和改造型饱和大气水的混合流体,随着成矿作用的进行,地幔He与大气饱和水改造Ar皆有所减少。值得注意的是卡鲁安锂矿床成矿流体中幔源物质并非真的来自于地幔物质上侵,更有可能是来源于元古代的不成熟陆壳熔融。新疆卡鲁安锂矿床形成于陆—陆碰撞造山作用晚期的后碰撞造山阶段,造山后期的伸展导致含幔源物质的古老地壳与年轻地壳减压熔融,熔融所形成的岩浆流体随后经大气降水改造为成矿流体。