东北三省城市人居活动网络结构及影响因素分析——基于百度贴吧分析

人居活动是城市网络的根本,探究城市人居活动网络结构对促进区域协调发展具有重要的实践意义。论文利用百度贴吧数据分析城市人居活动,运用社会网络分析法等研究方法探究城市人居活动网络体系,并通过QAP论文相关及回归分析对城市人居活动网络结构影响因素进行初步分析。结果表明：① 整体网络方面,人居活动区域联系密度为95.99%,东北三省城市之间普遍存在联系;城市联系类型可划分为全域型、普遍型、较多型、一般型以及较少型五种类型;② 层级结构方面,东北三省省内人居活动网络层级较为明显,区域范围内尚未形成主导型城市及次级主导型城市;③ 城市体系方面,省内人居活动网络体系较为完备,形成了较为明显的城市网络体系;④ 影响因素方面,旅游资源、行政关系、空间邻近及收入水平对城市人居活动网络结构产生显著影响。     

华南沿海4种主要污损生物幼虫和孢子的采集与培养技术

海洋污损生物附着是增加海上作业成本、影响设施安全和缩短其使用年限的重要因素,掌握海洋污损生物幼虫和孢子的采集与培养技术是开展防除研究工作的基础。网纹藤壶Balanus reticulatus、缘管浒苔Enteromorpha linza、石莼Ulva lactuca和细基江蓠Gracilaria tenuistipitata是华南沿海主要的污损生物种类。研究上述4种污损生物幼虫和孢子的采集与培养技术,结果显示,网纹藤壶无节幼虫于30℃黑暗环境中培养,5d左右即可发育为金星幼虫,可将其在4℃条件下储存备用。强度为4000lx的光照射缘管浒苔和石莼,可刺激其游孢子大量释放;细基江蓠经阴干处理再浸泡海水,可诱导其果孢子的放散。每天接受900—1300lx光照12h,室温(21—26℃)下培养4d,是观察缘管浒苔和石莼游孢子附着萌发的最佳条件,而细基江蓠果孢子的附着萌发观察则以室温(18—23℃)下培养2d为宜。     

大鹏湾海水中各形态无机氮的分布变化

依据香港特别行政区环境保护署于1999—2007年106个航次的调查资料,并结合国家海洋局南海分局于1998—2007年10个航次的调查资料,简要描述和分析大鹏湾中海水各形态无机氮含量平均分布的变化。结果表明,由于受到香港和深圳的陆源排放的影响,氨氮含量在吐露港西部和沙头角海区明显偏高。大鹏湾香港海区全层海水中可溶性无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen,DIN)各组分的平均百分含量高低顺序为氨氮>硝酸盐>亚硝酸盐,而氨氮、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的多年平均含量分别为0.041、0.019和0.007mg.L-1。在夏季,外海高盐水入侵导致底层水中的硝酸盐含量明显高于表层水中的硝酸盐含量。调查期间氨氮含量航次均值的年际变化呈较明显下降趋势,而硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量航次均值的年际变化不大。     

Application of FLAC3D in supporting engineering of deep foundation ditch

Based on the design principles of economic rationality and safety, multiple-pivot pile anchorage approach was used as the supporting engineering of a tall building with a deep foundation ditch. The designs, such as anchor arm, single pile and the whole, were set up in accordance with the calculations of the internal force from the equivalent beam and Yamagata Kunio methods. Moreover, the rationality of the design was estimated using the stability checks. FLAC3D was used for calculating the accuracy of the design. Using FLAC3D to simulating ditch cutting and supporting processes can obtain the equivalent results as the theory analysis in the displacement of ditch surrounding wall, the stress field and stress distribution.     

A New Genus of Fossil Cycads Yixianophyllum gen. nov. from the Late Jurassic Yixian Formation, Western Liaoning, China

A new genus of fossil Cycads, Yixianophyllum gen. nov., is reported here. The specimens were collected from the southern hill of Jinjiagou village, Toudaohezi Town, Yixian County, western Liaoning Province, China. The fossil plant-beating bed belongs to the lower part, the Zhuanchengzi bed, of the Upper Jurassic Yixian Formation （Yixianian）. The new genus in leaf shape, venation and epidermal structure shows a transitional form between Mesozoic Cycads （Ctenis, Nilssonia） and modem Cycads （Stangeria and Encephalartos）. Since the features of these specimens differ from any known genera of Cycads, a new generic name Yixianophyllum is proposed for these leaves. Typical species, Yixianophyllum jinjiagouense gen. et sp. nov. is described here. A supposed evolutionary tendency of Cycadean leaf-forms with Taeniopteris-type is discussed.     

基于B/S跨平台网上地理数据维护引擎的开发

本文以网上地理数据维护为主线,分析了目前WebGIS应用的优缺点,阐述了基于B/S结构的跨平台网上地理数据维护系统的开发思路和具体应用模式。     

东北三省城市拟态与现实人居环境时空耦合协调特征与机制

单一形态的现实人居环境研究,不能合理诠释人地关系地域系统下日益变化的人居环境现象。目前,不同形态人居环境相互作用的理论基础、实践探索以及科学决策等问题并不清晰。建构城市拟态与现实人居环境耦合协调的理论框架,运用耦合协调模型、空间趋势分析、地理探测器等实证分析2011—2017年东北三省34个地级市耦合协调的时空规律,并对其影响因子和驱动机制进行探讨。结果表明：① 东北三省城市耦合度总体呈现出上升的态势,具有相对明显的阶段特征;空间上形成双核与单中心并存的格局,并由分散的团状向“T”型团带状空间格局演变;② 协调度总体处于濒临失调状态,协调互动稳步向高级别发展演变,中级协调占据一定地位,高级协调开始出现;协调度的核心极化空间格局特征明显,四大城市主导着东北三省整体的协调互动级别;同时形成省内“极化与均衡并存”、省际“北低南高”、整体“中心—边缘—低洼地”等区域差异的空间格局;协调度整体呈现出东西方向的“中间凸起、两端略低的倒‘U’型”与南北方向上的“南高北低”的空间趋势特征;③ 拟态与现实人居环境耦合协调发展是多种因子综合作用的结果,其中社会经济发展是主导性驱动,“人”是本底性驱动,娱乐系统是新兴性驱动,社交系统是重要的媒介性驱动。     

New speices of Late Mesozoic wood fossils from southeastern Mongolia

Three new species of fossil woods are reported from the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous in southeastern Mongolia,including Protaxodioxylon mongolense sp. nov. Circoporoxylon mongolense sp. nov. Protocircoporoxylon mongolense sp. nov. The anatomical characters of three new species are described in detail.     

泾河流域生态系统服务消耗及变化认知分析：基于农户问卷调查和参与式社区评估

本文以黄土高原泾河流域上游固原市为例,采用农户问卷调查和参与式社区评估方法,研究农户对生态系统服务认知及消费,并对两种方法认知结果进行比较分析。研究发现,农户问卷调查方法农户认知到食物供给、净化空气、净化环境、水土保持、供给洁净水、减少自然灾害、提高收入、薪柴供给、景观愉悦、牧草供给和防风固沙11项生态系统服务,农户日常对生态系统服务的占有和消耗及生态系统服务对农户的重要性程度影响农户对生态系统服务的认知;参与式社区评估（PRA）方法农户可以充分进行信息交流与讨论,与农户问卷调查法相比对生物多样性服务有了认知。研究区生态系统服务发生很大变化,食物供给和薪柴供给服务明显减弱,收入增加;受生态系统服务变化及收入水平的影响,农户食物和能源消费存在明显时空差异,总体而言,农户食物消费总量下降,大部分农户薪柴消费数量减少,农户对蔬菜、肉类、煤炭、天然气等的消费量增加。     

A New Arthropod, Guangweicaris Luo, Fu et Hu gen. nov. from the Early Cambrian Guanshan Fauna, Kunming, China

The Guanshan Fauna is a soft-bodied fauna dominated by arthropods （including trilobites, trilobitoides, Tuzoia, Isoxys, and bradorids） in association with priapulids, brachiopods, anomalocaridids, vetulicoliids, sponges, chancellorids, and echinoderms. This paper reports and describes a new arthropod from the yellowish green mudstone at the lower part of the Wulongqing Formation, Canglangpuan Stage, Lower Cambrian in Kunming, Yunnan, China. The stratigraphic and geographic distribution, classification, fossil preservation, life style of this new arthropod and comparisons with other fossil arthropods are also discussed in details. The discovery and research of the non-mineralized arthropod, Guangweicaris Luo, Fu et Hu gen. nov. from the Guanshan Fauna adds new members to the taxonomic list and provides new information to the evolution of early arthropods. Furthermore, this study would shed new light into the ＂Cambrian Explosion＂ and the evolution of early life.