DMC技术在土地利用现状调查中的应用与研究

本项目研究的是将Z／I Imaging的数字航摄相机（DMC）运用于土地详查项目，运用基于国际上先进Z／I Imaging DMC的拍摄技术获取的影像，结合影像融合技术，影像分类技术，土地信息提取技术，进行土地利用的动态监测及更新调查。     

Cursory seismic drift assessment for buildings in moderate seismicity regions

This paper outlines a methodology to assess the seismic drift of reinforced concrete buildings with limited structural and geotechnical information. Based on the latest and the most advanced research on predicting potential near-field and far field earthquakes affecting Hong Kong, the engineering response spectra for both rock and soil sites are derived. A new step-by-step procedure for displacement-based seismic hazard assessment of building structures is proposed to determine the maximum inter-storey drift demand for reinforced concrete buildings. The primary information required for this assessment is only the depth of the soft soil above bedrock and the height of the building. This procedure is further extended to assess the maximum chord rotation angle demand for the coupling beam of coupled shear wall or frame wall structures, which may be very critical when subjected to earthquake forces. An example is provided to illustrate calibration of the assessment procedure by using actual engineering structural models.     

云的垂直速度特征分析及人工影响天气作业措施探讨

利用2002年5—7月肥西风廓线仪资料结合常规地面观测资料,对出现各种云时的垂直速度特征进行了分析,在此基础上提出了人工影响天气作业的一些具体措施,希望对云的研究和人工影响天气作业提供帮助。     

1960-2005年长江流域降水极值概率分布特征

 摘 要：根据1960-2005年长江流域147个气象站逐日降水观测资料和ECHAM5/ MPI-OM气候模式20世纪试验期（1941-2000年）79个格点逐日降水模拟资料，建立年最大强降水AM（annual maximum）序列及汛期日降水量＜1.27 mm的最长干旱持续天数MI（Munger index）序列，分析了长江流域降水极值序列的时空分布特征和概率分布模式。结果表明：1) 长江流域强降水事件的强度和概率最大的地区位于岷沱江流域中游、洞庭湖湖区、长江中下游干流区与鄱阳湖东南部支流等地区，干旱事件强度和概率最大的地区位于金沙江流域中下游与嘉陵江流域；2) 气候模式模拟的长江流域AM事件的多年平均值普遍高于观测值，但离差系数普遍低于观测值; 3) 气候模式模拟结果与观测的降水极值空间分布有一定的差异，但对气候模式和实际观测的降水极值概率分布的拟合，均证明Wakeby分布函数能够较好地拟合降水极值的概率分布。     

北京地区热度日和冷度日的变化特征

应用1951—2004年北京逐日平均温度制作北京月、年的热度日 (HDD) 和冷度日 (CDD)。其中平均月HDD以1月 (687.9度日) 最大, 多年平均的年值为2922.6度日, 多年变化呈明显的下降趋势, 下降率为-99.5度日/10 a。平均月CDD以7月 (259.2度日) 最大。CDD多年平均的年值为826.7度日, 多年变化呈上升趋势, 上升率为39.0度日/10 a。1971—2004年HDD月城郊差值 (北京站-密云站) 冬季较大, 最大值为-73.8度日 (12月)。月CDD的城郊差值比HDD的差值小, 最大差值在8月 (34.0度日)。年HDD和CDD与年平均气温具有较高的相关性。年际、年代际HDD与年际、年代际平均气温具有反位相变化趋势, 随着气候增暖, 北京地区HDD将趋于减小, 冬季用于供暖的能源将减少; CDD将趋于增加, 夏季用于制冷降温的能源将增加。     

Groundwater replenishment analysis by using natural isotopes in Ejina Basin, Northwestern China

The Ejina Basin underlying complex aquifers is located in the lower reaches of the Heihe River with an arid climate and 40 mm mean annual precipitation. As the balance of the natural ecosystem in the Ejina Basin is fragile and easily upset, it is very important to estimate and rationally use the limited groundwater resources to maintain the balance. Water samples were collected from the Heihe River and wells for chemical and isotopic measurements across the basin. The Piper diagram gives two main types of hydrochemical features. Against the background of the regional geology, combining isotope ¹⁸O, tritium, and chemical analysis with groundwater flows indicated by a shallow groundwater level contour map, different kinds of groundwater sources and ways to replenish groundwater were discovered. North of the study area are artesian wells that are replenished by the mountainous area at the boundary between China and Mongolia. Replenishment for most of the groundwater resources of the Gurinai oasis comes from the Heihe River seepage flow of the highly conductive paleochannel, not from the Badain Jaran Desert as indicated by TDS and tritium analysis. The different groundwater ages which are younger than 35 years were approximately estimated by radioactive isotope tritium (T). By such efforts, groundwater resources can be effectively evaluated with the engineering impact of the Heihe River Project.     

现代企业与数字信息化管理

数字信息化管理是企业实现现代化管理的基础,它包括企业资源分析系统和企业决策分析系统。推进数字信息管理的关键因素有管理模式的转换,量化体系的建立,"以人为本"的管理模式以及逐步将数字化管理的观念自然融入到企业文化这几个方面。建立安全、实时的企业数字化管理系统,是现代企业亟待解决的问题。     

Fate of DDT-related compounds in Bohai Bay and its adjacent Haihe Basin, North China

Concentrations of ten DDTs (2,2-bis-(chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane) of which p,p'-DDA (2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)acetic acid), p,p'-DDM (bis(chlorophenyl)methane) and p,p'-DBP (dichlorobenzophenone) are often neglected, were measured in 25 water and 25 sedimentary samples from Bohai Bay and its adjacent Haihe Basin. The ratio of o,p'-DDX/p,p'-DDX in the upper reaches of Yongdingxin River ranged from 0.71 to 2.44, suggesting that the potential source of pollution would be the manufacturing or use of dicofol near this river. While DDA accounted for 52-93% of the SigmaDDT concentration in water, DDA was only detected in three sedimentary samples. And DDM was found to be an important degradation product of DDT in water following DDA. It should be noted that DBP (0.60-3.30 ng/g) is a major metabolite comparable with DDE (2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene, nondetectable-1.80 ng/g) and DDD (2,2-bis-(chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane, nondetectable-2.86 ng/g) in sediment in Bohai Bay. Finally, the SigmaDDT concentration in sedimentary sample from Bohai Bay was found to be dependent on the TOC (total organic carbon) value.     

Regional fractures and denudation of gold ore deposits in Gangdise block,Tibet: Evidence of Ag/Au values

Mapping with Ag/Au ratios of mineralized rocks and ores as a parameter reveals that the deep fractures in the Gangdise block control the distribution of the high value regions which may represent the shallow zones of strongly mineralized areas. The variance gradient regions with large Ag/Au ratio may represent the boundaries between strongly mineralized areas and weakly mineralized areas. In the middle part of the Gangdise block, gold and silver mineralization centers mainly distribute along the NW extending Coqen-Xigaze region, NE extending Yangbajain region and E-W extending Lhasa-Gongbogyamda region. The gold and silver mineralized rocks and ores may have been slightly denuded in the west of the middle Gangdise block, and the denudation in the east, however, may be stronger. The primary gold and silver prospect in the west may be better than in the east.

     

Microbial modulation in the biomass and toxin production of a red-tide causing alga

The effect of S₁₀, a strain of marine bacteria isolated from sediment in the Western Xiamen Sea, on the growth and paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) production in the alga Alexandrium tamarense (A. tamarense) was studied under controlled experimental conditions. The results of these experiments have shown that the growth of A. tamarense is obviously inhibited by S₁₀ at high concentrations, however no evident effect on its growth was observed at low concentrations. Its PSP production was also inhibited by S₁₀ at different concentrations, especially at low concentrations. The toxicity of this strain of A. tamarense is about (0.95–12.14) × 10⁻⁶ MU/cell, a peak toxicity value of 12.14 × 10⁻⁶ MU/cell appeared on the 14th day, after which levels decreased gradually. The alga grew well in conditions of pH 6–8 and salinities of 20–34‰. The toxicity of the alga varied markedly at different pH and salinity levels. Toxicity decreased as pH increased, while it increased with salinity and reached a peak value at a salinity of 30‰, after which it declined gradually. S₁₀ at a concentration of 1.02 × 10⁹ cells/ml inhibited growth and the PSP production of A. tamarense at different pH and salinity levels. S₁₀ had the strongest inhibitory function on the growth of A. tamarense under conditions of pH 7 and a salinity of 34‰. The best inhibitory effect on PSP production by A. tamarense was at pH 7, this inhibitory effect on PSP production did not relate to salinity. Interactions between marine bacteria and A. tamarense were also investigated using the flow cytometer technique (FCM) as well as direct microscope counting. S₁₀ was identified as being a member of the genus Bacillus, the difference in 16S rDNA between S₁₀ and Bacillus halmapalus was only 2%. The mechanism involved in the inhibition of growth and PSP production of A. tamarense by this strain of marine bacteria, and the prospect of using it and other marine bacteria in the bio-control of red-tides was discussed.