Hydrodynamic,non-photic modulation of biorhythms in the Norway lobster,Nephrops norvegicus (L.)

Data on biological rhythms of the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus (L.) are compared with new findings on inertial currents, a non-photic geophysical hydrodynamic fluctuation. Laboratory experiments on animal endogenous cardiac activity and locomotor rhythms using individuals from the middle slope (400–600 m depth) of the Mediterranean Sea revealed a consistent proportion of ultradian 18-h animals (20.6% and 12.0% of the studied cases for cardiac and locomotor tests, respectively). This characteristic, not reported in similar experiments with individuals from shallower depths (20–200 m) in the Atlantic Ocean, was initially considered meaningless from an ecological point of view. However, a close comparison with in situ oceanographic measurements over 1 year revealed a clear relationship between inertial current fluctuations and the observed 18-h behavioural and physiological rhythms. We propose a novel scenario involving potential non-photic (i.e. hydrodynamic) modulation of Nephrops biorhythms, and suggest that this may provide a paradigm for other benthic species in deep-water areas.     

Crustal Structural and Tectonic Evolution and Oil Prospect Evaluation in the Songpan-Zoigê Block

1 Introduction The Songpan-Zoigê Block (SRB) lies in the east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is a triangle block confined and surrounded by three structure belts: the east Kunlun-west Qinling belt (EK-WQLB) to the north, the Sichuan Basin to the southeast and the Garzê-Litang-Jinsha River belt to the southwest. This block is also the joint part of three tectonic domains: the North China, South China and Qinghai-Tibet domains (Huang and Chen, 1987). The development and evolutio…     

塔河地区奥陶系油田水分布与运动学特征研究

塔河油田是我国最大的陆上整装碳酸盐岩油田,其油田水分布与运动特征反映了油气运移规律。该区奥陶系油田水现今总体矿化度高,南北向存在从低到高再到低的3个矿化带,各带内平面分割性强,纵向层间差异大。塔河油田奥陶系的流体经历了多期次活动,奥陶系储层共捕获了4～5期盐水包裹体,其均一温度范围集中在60～80℃,90～105℃,110～140℃和145～170℃,盐度集中在0.5%～4%、5%～10%、10%～13%、14%～18%、>18%,反映出奥陶系储层曾经历过了4～5期热流体活动,对照埋藏史与油气运移史,高盐度流体活动与油气运移具有良好的匹配关系,油田水化学指标(油田水变质系数、碳酸盐岩平衡系数等)反映出塔河油区现今保存条件良好。井剖面包裹体纵向温度、盐度纵向不规则变化表明流体的活动以侧向运移为主。流体势分析说明运移方向不仅包括塔河东、南面是烃源岩方向,而且具有高流体势的西面也可能是油气来源方向。     

山东东营凹陷沙河街组纹层年龄估算方法探讨

渤海湾盆地位于北纬35°—42°之间,中始新世沙河街组四段上部和三段沉积期间,在气候上属于中亚热带,湖泊水体较为稳定,并出现季节性分层,因此沉积常显示出暗灰和浅灰色的年纹层(或称偶层)。根据不少国内外湖泊纹泥统计和14C测定和频谱分析的对比,认为纹层可以作为地层定年工具。纹层年龄计算方法研究对含油盆地成烃成藏定量研究具有重要意义。东营凹陷年纹层计算方法有两种,或选定含纹层岩芯样品进行岩石薄片和电子探针观察和测定,取得年纹层间隔与元素峰值统计;或选取一段含纹层的测井数据作天文400ka、40ka或20ka周期地层年龄计算。通过两种方法求出东营凹陷通29井等沙三段—沙四上亚段堆积速率的比较,前者薄片和探针方法得到的平均速率为0.1078mm/a,后者天文的方法得到的是0.1280mm/a,两者计算差只有0.0172mm/a。因此应用两种方法来计算地层年龄和对比是可行的。前者求纹层方法更为直观,但岩芯和电子探针的测定费用较大,而相比而言,用油田测井数据作天文地层堆积速率和年龄的计算,在经济上、时间上可能胜于前者。     

A TEST OF THREE FITTING CRITERIA FOR MULTIRESPONSE NON-LINEAR MODELING

This work evaluates objective functions for multiresponse non-linear modeling using computersimulations.Tests are performed under a variety of signal-to-noise ratios and noise variance-covariancestructures.The standard error of prediction for the model parameters,computed from 50 trials,is usedfor performance comparisons.The full rank and rank-deficient problems are considered.For the fullrank problem one model was investigated,a first-order two-step consecutive reaction model,and twoobjective functions were considered,the total sum of squares and the determinant criterion.Nodistinction could be made between the two objective functions for this model.For the rank-deficient case two models were investigated,a first-order two-step consecutive reactionas in the full rank case,and a pH titration model described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.Three objective functions were investigated for the rank-deficient case,the total sum of squares,aweighted total sum of squares and the determinant criterion.The total sum of squares was found toperform poorly under all conditions tested compared to the weighted total sum of squares and thedeterminant criterion.The determinant criterion was found to perform much better than the other twocriteria when the data have a combination of a low signal-to-noise ratio and high variance-covariancenoise structure.     

评述“前陆盆地”名词在中国中西部含油气盆地中的引用——反思中国石油构造学的发展

“前陆盆地”一词,在中国中西部含油气盆地研究中被许多学者广泛引用,在空间上有“泛前陆盆地化”,在地史演化中有“扩大化”,名词术语引用上有“复杂化”的倾向,因而引起同行的关注。本文从文献中追踪前陆盆地原命名者的涵义和沿革,正确理解国外学者提出前陆盆地的特及模式,再根据中国的实际地质特征与国外典型前陆盆地对比,结果发现我国中西部前陆盆地的特殊在于大国外所称的前陆盆地的共同性。因而认为在中国中西部直接引用“前陆盆地”一词不当。建议采用“陆内俯冲型前陆盆地”（Intracontinental subduction foreland basin）一(间称－C型前陆盆地）,以示有中国地质特色的前陆盆地,为今后建立油气成藏模式和指导油气勘探理论依据。最后,还讨论了中国石油学发展中,值得反思的3个问题。     

粘土矿物碱耗协同效应研究

选择蒙脱石,高岭石,伊利石等三种在储层中最党风的储层粘土矿物,两两分别按２Ｌ：０,１：１,０：２质量配比组成复配物系列;在３０℃、５０℃温度下按１：５,１：８,１：１０（ｇ／ｍｌ）固／液比分别与１．６％的Ｎａ２ＣＯ３深液反应８ｈ,３６０ｈ;监测反应前后碱液浓度的变化;计算了各条件下各自的绝对碱耗量。结果表明三种粘土矿物中蒙脱石耗碱最大,高蛉石的耗碱量与伊利石的接近;随着固／液比减小和温度升高,矿物     

塔里木盆地克拉2特大型气田流体包裹体特征及油气成藏作用

储层液体包裹体测试分析是研究油气运移、成藏时间和期次和问题的一种非效的方法,克拉２气田储层流体包裹体类及其丰度统计分析表明,烃类包裹体丰度与储层含油气必一之间具有明显相关性,根据包裹体产状,均一温度和包裹体成分拉曼光谱分析结果发现,油气在成岩早期就开始注入,并一直保存在储层中,直到后期才裂解成干气,有机包裹体均一温度表现为一个主峰,盐水包裹体均一温度有三个区间（峰值）,其中第一个峰值与有机包裹体一     

库车坳陷的油气运移全定量模拟

为了给库车坳陷的油气勘探提供定量依据, 使用盆地模拟软件BASIMS对该坳陷的地史、热史、成岩史、生烃史、排烃史及运聚史进行了全定量模拟.其中油气初次运移的模拟使用简易而实用的方法, 即: 对于油气初次运移, 采用沉积压实渗流法求排油、物质平衡法求排气; 对于油气二次运移, 采用基于浮力驱动及达西定律的拟三维运聚模型.除了讨论这些数值方法的敏感性参数(参数敏感性与风险分析、排烃分配因子、断层及不整合面的渗透率、油气储集单元的确定) 外, 给出了排烃史和运聚史的模拟结果, 其聚集量的模拟结果不仅在数量上而且在位置上与实际情况符合, 尤其是预测出的几个有利勘探目标后来被勘探结果所证实      

Report on the 4th International Meeting of the IUGS Lower Cretaceous Ammonite Working Group, the “Kilian Group” (Dijon, France, 30th August 2010)

The 4th Kilian Group meeting (Dijon, France, 30th August 2010) focused on the Aptian and Albian Stages. For the Aptian, a two-fold division of the stage was adopted for the Mediterranean area with a boundary between the Dufrenoyia furcata and Epicheloniceras martini Zones. The main changes to the zonal scheme concern the Lower Aptian with: the introduction of a Deshayesites luppovi Subzone in the upper part of the Deshayesites oglanlensis Zone; the replacement of Deshayesites weissi by Deshayesites forbesi as new index-species of the second interval zone; the introduction of a Roloboceras hambrovi Subzone in the upper part of the D. forbesi Zone; and the subdivision of the D. furcata Zone into the D. furcata and Dufrenoyia dufrenoyi Subzones. For the Albian, the upper part of the Douvilleiceras mammillatum Zone (Lower Albian) is now characterized by a Lyelliceras pseudolyelli Subzone. The main amendments concern the Upper Albian. The base of this substage is defined by the base of the Dipoloceras cristatum Zone. Above it, the Upper Albian zonal scheme comprises in stratigraphic order the Mortoniceras pricei, Mortoniceras inflatum, Mortoniceras fallax, Mortoniceras rostratum, Mortoniceras perinflatum and Arrhaphoceras briacensis Zones.