Simulations of the Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation by the Atmospheric General Circulation Model of the Beijing Climate Center

The performance of BCC (Beijing Climate Center) AGCM 2.0.1 (Atmospheric General Circulation Model version 2.0.1) in simulating the tropical intraseasonal oscillation (TIO) is examined in this paper.The simulations are validated against observation and compared with the NCAR CAM3 (Community Atmosphere Model version 3) results.The BCC AGCM2.0.1 is developed based on the original BCC AGCM (version 1) and NCAR CAM3.New reference atmosphere and reference pressure are introduced into the model.Therefore,the origi...     

近45年拉萨深层地温变化趋势分析

利用1961—2005年拉萨0.8 m, 1.6 m和3.2 m逐月平均地温, 采用气候倾向率、累积距平、信噪比等气候诊断方法, 分析了近45年拉萨深层平均地温的变化趋势, 以及异常、突变等气候特征。结果表明:近45年拉萨0.8 m和1.6 m年平均地温呈极显著的增温趋势, 倾向率为 (0.58~0.69 ℃)/10a;0.8 m和1.6 m平均地温倾向率春季最大, 秋季最小; 3.2 m平均地温却以夏季升幅最大, 冬季最小; 与同时期平均气温的增温幅度比较, 地温增幅更大; 20世纪60—90年代0.8 m和1.6 m年平均地温呈明显的逐年代升高趋势; 季平均地温20世纪60—70年代均偏低, 80年代大部分季节仍略偏低, 90年代都表现为正距平; 0.8 m, 1.6 m和3.2 m年平均地温均在1999年出现了异常偏暖, 异常偏冷现象仅发生在1.6 m土层上, 时间为1963年; 夏季深层平均地温异常偏暖均发生在1999年; 冬季0.8 m和1.6 m平均地温多异常偏冷年份, 主要发生在20世纪60年代; 1999, 2002—2005年冬季3.2 m平均地温异常偏暖; 夏、秋季和年平均地温的气候突变都出现在1986年, 冬、春季发生在1983年。     

Quantitative Assessment of Hydrocarbon Expulsion of Petroleum Systems in the Niuzhuang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, East China

Based on a detailed survey of the distribution and organic geochemical characteristics of potential source rocks in the South Slope of the Niuzhuang Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, a new approach to assess the amount of hydrocarbons generated and expelled has been developed. The approach is applicable to evaluate hydrocarbons with different genetic mechanisms. The results show that the models for hydrocarbon generation and expulsion vary with potential source rocks, depending on thermal maturity, types of organic matter and paleoenvironment. Hydrocarbons are mostly generated and expelled from source rocks within the normal oil window. It was calculated that the special interval (algal-rich shales of the ES4 member formed in brackish environments) in     

Classification of 24 New Ordinary Chondrites from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica

Petrography and mineral chemistry of 24 ordinary chondrites from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica, have been studied in order to identify their chemical-petrographic types. These samples were selected from a total of 4448 Grove Mountains (GRV) meteorites collected during the 19th Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition so as to make an estimation of the large GRV meteorite collection. The chemical-petrographic types of these meteorites are presented below: 1 H3,2 H4, 4 H5, 2 H6, 1 L4, 7 L5, 5 L6, 1 LL4 and 1 LL6. The new data weaken the previous report that unequilibrated ordinary chondrites are unusually abundant in the Grove Mountains region. However, this work confirms significant differences in distribution patterns of chemical-petrographic types between the Grove Mountains and other     

贝塞尔曲线在虚拟森林景观单树几何模型构建中的应用

虚拟景观模型的生成,需要对实际景观进行抽象和简化。树几何模型和数字高程模型(DEM)是构成虚拟森林景观的两大要素。而树几何模型的构建又是林业GIS三维可视化的基础。在树几何建模中,树干及树枝形状的可视化表达具有突出意义。由于实际树种的复杂性,在计算机中建树模型,通常采用基于过程建模的方式,而这将面临用户如何对模型进行交互式控制的问题：参数太少,不足以描述树形态特征,而参数太多,则模型难以生成和理解。为了解决这个问题,我们引进贝塞尔(Bezier)曲线这种基于控制点的自由曲线来描述树木中的树干以及树枝形状,利用对曲线控制点的变动来控制曲线的形状,进而生成形态各异的树形状,对此,我们基于ActiveX技术生成Bezier曲线控件。结果表明,该方法能够表示多种形状的树干与树枝,具有操作简捷、计算速度快,可视化效果良好的优点。     

Distribution Characteristics of Effective Source Rocks and Their Control on Hydrocarbon Accumulation: A Case Study from the Dongying Sag, Eastern China

The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing     

An Outline of the Geological Structure of the Western Hills of Peiping

As a pioneer worker in almost every phase of the Chinese geology,the late Dr. V. K. Ting was also a pioneer and enthusiastic worker inthe geology of the Western Hills. It was due to his noble effort andsupervision that the first systematic investigation of 1916 was carried out     

Fundamental Concepts in Geology and Their Bearing on Chinese Stratigraphy

Students of Geology are today confronted with the necessity of anew attitude, which they have to take towards a number of fundamentalgeological concepts which have arisen within the last decade or two.     

STRATIGRAPHY OF SOUTHEASTERN HUPEI

The geology, of the southeastern part or Hupei has been studied by Mr. Seijirro Noda of the Japanese Geographical Society in 1912. A geological map in the scale of 1:400,000 was prepared by him, covering the districts Ta Yeh, Yang Sing, O Cheng and Wu Chang. Mr. Noda classified the sedimentary rocks into the following series:     

L''■GE DU MARBRE DE FANG CHAN ET SA TENEUR EN MAGNESIE

Le beau marbre qui entre dans une si grande proportion dans la construction des palais et des monuments a Peking vient d'une region situee a 60 kilometres environ (a vol d'oiseau) au sud-ouest de la Capitable. C'est une partie du plateau qui borde immediatement la plaine alluviable qu'on