Lysosomal membrane stability and metallothioneins in digestive gland of Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) as biomarkers in a field study

The lysosomal membrane destabilization and the metallothionein content in the digestive gland cells of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.), collected along the east coast of the North Adriatic (Istrian and Kvarnerine coast, Croatia), were examined over a period of four years (1996–1999). The lysosomal membrane stability, as a biomarker of general stress, showed that the membrane labilization period in mussels from polluted, urban- and industrial-related areas was significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared to mussels from control, clean sea water sites. In the harbour of Rijeka, the most contaminated site, the lysosomal membrane stability was reduced by more than 70% compared to the control. This method also proved to be a useful biomarker for detection of additional stress caused by short-term hypoxia that occurred once during this study inside the polluted and periodically quite eutrophic Pula Harbour. The concentration of metallothioneins in the mussel digestive gland, as a specific biomarker of exposure to heavy metals, did not reveal significant differences (p<0.05) between sites covered by this study.     

遗传算法在边坡抗震稳定性分析中的应用

根据遗传算法的思想和拟静力瑞典法基于圆弧滑动面的假定，提出一种用遗传算法搜索最危险滑动面及其对应的最小安全系数的方法。该方法模拟了生物遗传进化过程，克服了传统方法容易陷和局部极小值的缺点，是一种全局优化算法。并通过一个工程实例对其进行了验证。     

非饱和土的有效应力与抗剪强度

从孔隙土的存在状态出发，探讨了吸力的两种不同作用效果与非饱和形态的关系，从理论上论证了Bishop公式的正确性澄清了多年来一个基本概念上的误解。用新的观点阐述了非饱和土中抗剪强度分布不均匀及浸水湿陷的原因；同时还对Fredlund和卢肇钧提出的抗剪强度理论及参数的测试方法进行了分析，提出了各种抗剪强度理论在理论上都是相同的，其区别仅在于确定由吸力产生的那部分有效应力时采用的参数和测试 方法不同。为今后非饱和土的抗剪强度研究从理论转向实用提供了理论基础。     

农业生态系统模式的优化设计探讨

对农业生态系统模式的优化设计原则、内容、方法与步骤进行了探讨。认为模式优化设计包括5大原则，即区域适宜性原则、实用性原则、经济与市场原则、持续性原则和科学性原则；农业生态系统模式设计的主要内容包括总体目标设计、产业结构设计、时空结构设计、食物链网设计、环境与生态形象设计、物质与资金投放和输入输出设计、技术体系设计、面向对象设计及系统集成与优化；农业生态系统设计的基本程序包括系统环境辨识、系统诊断、系统模型分析和方案设计、系统评价和方案选优、系统运行及反馈修正等内容。     

Application of the photoacoustic method for characterization of natural galena (PbS)

Electron transport properties of single crystal and polycrystalline natural mineral galena (PbS) samples from the Trep?a mine, Yugoslavia, were determined using the photoacoustic frequency transmission technique. Their thermal diffusivity (D _T≈0.16 × 10^?5 m² s^?1), the coefficient of diffusion (D between 0.15×10^?2 0.16×10^?2 m² s^?1) and lifetime of the excess carrier (τ≈35 μs and the front and rear recombination velocity (s _g≈65.5 m s^?1 and s _b≈66.4 m s^?1, respectively), were calculated by comparing the experimental results and the theoretical photoacoustic amplitude and phase signals. The lattice parameter obtained by X-ray work was a?=5.936?Å. The free carrier concentration of these single-crystal samples was measured using the Hall method (N?=?3×10¹⁸ cm^?3). Measurements of the optical reflectivity of the same samples, as a function of wavelength, in the infrared and far infrared ranges, were performed. In the far infrared range a free electron plasma frequency was observed and numerically analyzed, using the least-squares fitting procedure. The values of optical parameters were calculated and the value of the free carrier concentration obtained by the Hall method was confirmed.     

Numerical model for quantitative precipitation forecasting

Summary A numerical model for the quantitative precipitation forecasting has been formulated. In this model precipitation is computed as a function of the vertical velocity and humidity distribution in the atmosphere. The orographic influence on the vertical velocity was taken into consideration. Further, the relation between vertical velocity and static stability of the atmosphere has been considered and, as an important factor in the condensation process, was introduced into the equation of the model. This numerical model for the precipitation forecasting has been applied in the North Adriactic Sea region, which is characterized by a strong vertical gradient of the specific humidity and pronounced orographic influence. The results achieved show that this model could successfully be used as an objective method in the routine forecasting of the amount of precipitation.     

Dolomitmarmor in der Umgebung der Stadt Prilep und die in ihm vorkommenden Minerale

Zusammenfassung In der Umgebung der Stadt Prilep in Mazedonien kommen an mehreren Stellen in einer hochmetamorphen, aus Glimmerschiefern und Amphiboliten bestehenden Zone Calcit- und Dolomitmarmore vor. In den letzterwähnten wurden bisher Dolomit, Calcit, Korund, Diaspor, -Zoisit, Rutil, Fluorit, Achroit, Pyrit, Muskovit, Illit, Margarit und Chlorit (vonErdmannnsdörfer auch Kossmatit) festgestellt. Diese Paragenese ist regionalmetamorph entstanden.

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Dolomite-marble in the surroundings of the town prilep, macedonia, and its minerals

Summary Calcite- and dolomite-marbles occur in a highly metamorphic series together with micaschists and amphibolites at several localities in the surroundings of Prilep, Macedonia. In the dolomite-marbles, dolomite, calcite, corundum, diaspore, -zoisite, rutile, fluorite, achroite pyrite, muscovite, illite, margarite, chlorite, and kossmatite (the last only byErdmannsdörffer) have been found. The paragenesis is of regional metamorphic origin.

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A two-stage time series model for monthly hydrological projections under climate change in the Lim River basin (southeast Europe)

ABSTRACT

Climate change projections of precipitation and temperature suggest that Serbia could be one of the most affected regions in southeastern Europe. To prepare adaptation measures, the impact of climate changes on water resources needs to be assessed. Pilot research is carried out for the Lim River basin, in southeastern Europe, to predict monthly flows under different climate scenarios. For estimation of future water availability, an alternative approach of developing a deterministic-stochastic time series model is chosen. The proposed two-stage time series model consists of several components: trend, long-term periodicity, seasonality and the stochastic component. The latter is based on a transfer function model with two input variables, precipitation and temperature, as climatic drivers. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency for the observed period 1950–2012 is 0.829. The model is applied for the long-term hydrological prediction under the representative concentration pathway (RCP) emissions scenarios for the future time frame 2013–2070.