Natural Hazards - The Karakoram Highway links north Pakistan with southwest China. It passes through unique geomorphological, geological and tectonic setting. This study focused 200-km-long section... 相似文献
A 6.8-magnitude earthquake that occurred on January 24, 2020, has been effective in Turkey’s eastern regions. The earthquake, with recorded peak ground acceleration (PGA) value of 0.292 g, caused the destruction or heavy damage of buildings, especially in the city center of Elaz?? province. The purpose of this paper was to share the results of detailed investigation in the earthquake-stricken area. Additionally, the causes of damages and failures observed in the buildings were compared to those that had occurred in previous earthquakes in Turkey. In this study, the damages observed in especially RC buildings as well as in masonry and rural buildings were summarized, the lessons learned were evaluated, and the results were interpreted with reference to Turkish earthquake codes. In the study, it was particularly emphasized why the building stock underwent such damage even though the buildings were exposed to earthquake acceleration well below the design acceleration values.
Excavation-induced ground movements and the resulting damages to adjacent structures and facilities is a source of concern for excavation projects in urban areas. The concern will be even higher if the adjacent structure is old or has low strength parameters like masonry building. Frame distortion and crack generation are predictors of building damage resulted from excavation-induced ground movements, which pose challenges to projects involving excavations. This study is aimed to investigate the relation between excavation-induced ground movements and damage probability of buildings in excavation affected distance. The main focus of this paper is on masonry buildings and excavations stabilized using soil nail wall method. To achieve this purpose, 21 masonry buildings adjacent to 12 excavation projects were studied. Parametric studies were performed by developing 3D FE models of brick walls and excavations stabilized using soil nail wall. Finally, probability evaluations were conducted to analyze the outputs obtained from case studies. Based on the obtained results, simple charts were established to estimate the damage of masonry structures in excavation affected distance with two key parameters including “Displacement Ratio” and “Normalized Distance”. The results also highlight the effects of building distance from excavation wall on its damage probability.
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The effects of diameter and location of drain pipes on the uplift force and exit hydraulic gradient for a gravity dam are investigated. A numerical model... 相似文献
Acta Geochimica - In the last five decades, Rare Earth Elements (REE) are mostly produced from carbonatite complexes and alkaline magmatic environments. In this respect, pyroclastic flows produced... 相似文献
Acta Geotechnica - A systematical testing program on frozen Onsøy clay under isotropic loading and undrained shearing at different temperatures... 相似文献
Acta Geotechnica - In this study, an analytical model is developed to establish a framework for predicting the coefficient of lateral soil pressure in unsaturated soils. To this end, the disturbed... 相似文献
The ability of fuzzy logic algorithms to model relationships between stream flow and suspended sediment discharge was investigated
using daily measurements of stream flow and suspended sediment discharge for the Escanaba River mouth station, situated on
the shore of Lake Michigan and operated by the US Geological Survey. Three different configurations of inputs were applied,
whereby the inputs were fuzzified into fuzzy subsets of variables by means of triangular membership functions. The relationships
between inputs and suspended sediment discharge (output) were represented by a set of fuzzy rule expressed in IF–THEN format.
The weighted average method served for defuzzification. The commonly used sediment rating curve was also applied to the data,
and its performance compared with that of the three models by means of statistical analyses. For all three models, suspended
sediment discharge predicted by the fuzzy logic algorithm was in satisfactory agreement with observations. Furthermore, the
fuzzy logic algorithms performed better than the sediment rating curve, particularly at higher rates of suspended sediment
discharge (in this study, more than 50 × 106 g/day). Considered collectively, the use of fuzzy logic algorithms is suggested as a simple and effective approach for better
prediction of suspended sediment discharge, also for estuaries. 相似文献
In this paper a methodology has been presented for constructing the most critical accelerogram from among a be class of candidate accelerograms for a given site and structure. This most critical accelerogram could be used to assess seismic resistance of a structure with a high level of confidence. Specifically, the method superimposes accelerograms recorded at similar sites to create the candidate accelerograms, then uses optimization and approximation techniques find the most critical accelerogram. The most critical accelerogram is defined as the one which maximizes damage is structure, as computed by non-linear dynamic structural analysis, as well as satisfies constraints on ground parameters to ensure credibility. The damage has been defined as cumulative inelastic energy dissipation or sure of interstorey drifts. The method is applied to ten examples in the paper. 相似文献