Progress in the Study of Deep Profiles of Tibet and the Himalayas (INDEPTH)

This paper introduces 8 major discoveries and new understandings with regard to the deep structure and tectonics of the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau obtained in Project INDEPTH, They are mainly as follows. (1) The upper crust, lower crust and mantle lithosphere beneath the blocks of the plateau form a "sandwich" structure with a relatively rigid-brittle upper crust, a visco-plastic lower crust and a relatively rigid-ductile mantle lithosphere. This structure is completely different from that of monotonous, cold and more rigid oceanic plates. (2) In the process of north-directed collision-compression of the Indian subcontinent, the upper crust was attached to the foreland in the form of a gigantic foreland accretionary wedge. The interior of the accretionary wedge thickened in such tectonic manners as large-scale thrusting, backthrusting and folding, and magmatic masses and partially molten masses participated in the crustal thickening. Between the upper crust and lower crust lies a large detachment (e.g     

Helmert方差分量估计严密公式与简化公式等价性的证明

在分析了Helmert方差分量估计严密公式与简化公式迭代收敛结果一些统计性质的基础上,导出了关于收敛结果共同的求解方程,从理论上证明了两种结果的等价性,为使用简化公式提供了依据。     

GIS环境下中文命令的规则匹配与语义解析

提出了特征词双重属性的构建策略,为带有约束条件的中文命令直接转化为GIS操作提供了解决方法.针对复杂的空间、属性约束条件,定义了条件文法并设计了规则模板的生成算法;通过特征词的双重属性建立了中文命令与GIS功能函数之间的联系,采用规则匹配、函数映射方法实现中文语义解析.在此基础上,通过实例研究验证了方法的可行性.     

MICROPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RAINDROP SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN TYPHOON MORAKOT (2009)

Microphysical characteristics of the raindrop size distribution(RSD)in Typhoon Morakot(2009) have been studied through the PARSIVEL disdrometer measurements at one site in Fujian province,China during the passage of the storm from 7 to 10 August 2009.The time evolution of the RSD reveals different segments of the storm.Significant difference was observed in the microphysical characteristics between the outer rainband and the eyewall;the eyewall precipitation had a broader size distribution(a smaller slope) than the outer rainband and eye region.The outer rainband and the eye region produced stratiform rains while the eyewall precipitation was convective or mixed stratiform-convective.The RSD was typically characterized by a single peak distribution and well represented by the gamma distribution.The relations between the shape(μ)and slope(Λ)of the gamma distribution and between the reflectivity(Z)and rainfall rate(R)have been investigated.Based on the NW-Dm relationships,we suggest that the stratiform rain for the outer rainband and the eye region was formed by the melting of graupel or rimed ice particles,which likely originated from the eyewall clouds.     

基于全极化SAR影像的舰船目标检测算法研究

介绍了基于星载极化SAR影像的舰船目标检测的处理流程,针对基于不同杂波模型的CFAR检测法和基于相干信息的2L-IHP检测法,分析实现了瑞利分布、Gauss分布、韦布尔分布、对数正态分布,四种常用杂波分布模型的CA-CFAR检测法,通过实验检测海面舰船目标,发现这四种杂波模型针对不同海况有着不同的适应性,其检测效果也大不相同。而2L-IHP检测法不依赖于海杂波模型,通过子孔径相干提高目标和背景之间的对比度,实验结果表明,该方法能大幅提高海面舰船目标的检测概率。     

基于GPGPU的全波形并行分解算法

针对EM(Expectation Maximization)波形分解算法具有多次迭代和大量乘、除、累加等高密集运算的特点,提出一套将EM算法在通用计算图形处理器GPGPU上并行化的方案。针对通用并行计算架构CUDA的存储层次特点,设计总体的并行方案,充分挖掘共享存储器、纹理存储器的高速访存的潜能;根据波形采样值采用字节存储的特征,利用波形采样值的直方图求取中位数,从而降低求噪音阈值的计算复杂度;最后,采用求和规约的并行策略提高EM算法迭代过程中大量累加的计算效率。实验结果表明,当设置合理的并行参数、EM迭代次数大于16次、数据量大于64 M时,与单核CPU处理相比,GPU的加速比达到了8,能够显著地提高全波形分解的效率。     

大西洋和西太平洋海域热带气旋海表面入流角和拖曳系数特征对比分析

本文利用大量全球定位下投式探空仪(dropsonde)资料,对15个大西洋飓风和11个西太平洋台风海域的入流角频数分布差异进行对比,探究在热带气旋不同强度和不同边界层平均风速下入流角的分布特征,分析了两个海域拖曳系数随入流角变化的趋势.结果表明,两海域在热带气旋背景下的入流角分布具有共同点:在强度更大的热带气旋里入流角的平均值更大,分布更集中,入流角在不同风速范围内均呈正态分布且差异较小;同时两海域的入流角特征也存在差异,大西洋飓风的平均入流角大于西太平洋台风,并且大西洋飓风的拖曳系数随着入流角增加而增大,而西太平洋台风的拖曳系数随入流角的增加先减小后增大.研究结果为探究热带气旋背景下入流角的作用和影响拖曳系数变化的因子提供了新的参考.     

内嵌式法兰连接预制拼装双柱墩参数分析

本文基于实际工程对内嵌式法兰连接预制拼装双柱墩参数进行了分析,将法兰设置在塑性铰区以外,设计1∶3缩尺模型,通过分析不同法兰强度等级、混凝土强度等级、轴压比和配筋率的内嵌式法兰连接预制拼装双柱墩模型,得到不同情况下推覆曲线和损伤破坏状态,分析各参数的影响。研究结果表明,法兰强度等级对结构的影响较小,配筋率对结构承载力和延性的影响较大,结构最终失效主要表现在塑性铰区域,法兰存在一定程度的翘起。     

东天山某金矿点原生晕分析及找矿预测

文章基于对东天山某金矿点的元素背景分析和R型聚类分析发现,区内的金元素是区域背景值的52.33倍,变异系数为1.03,呈强富集、极不均匀分布,这表明区内金元素离散程度高,迁移、富集成矿的能力强;根据原生晕分带特征及分带模式,对12勘探线剖面深部矿体进行了预测靶区圈定。